{"id":6706,"date":"2008-12-28T20:22:39","date_gmt":"2008-12-28T19:22:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/2021.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/lower-oder-valley-national-park\/habitat-types\/forest\/"},"modified":"2021-11-04T12:28:10","modified_gmt":"2021-11-04T11:28:10","slug":"forest","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/en\/lower-oder-valley-national-park\/habitat-types\/forest\/","title":{"rendered":"Forest"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container ganzoben nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-no-small-visibility\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:0px;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:30px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\"><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-flex-start\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><nav class=\"awb-menu awb-menu_row awb-menu_em-hover mobile-mode-collapse-to-button awb-menu_icons-left awb-menu_dc-yes mobile-trigger-fullwidth-off awb-menu_mobile-toggle awb-menu_indent-left mobile-size-full-absolute loading mega-menu-loading awb-menu_desktop awb-menu_dropdown awb-menu_expand-right awb-menu_transition-fade fusion-no-small-visibility\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;--awb-min-height:1em;--awb-bg:#ffffff;--awb-border-radius-top-left:5px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:5px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:5px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:5px;--awb-gap:15px;--awb-align-items:center;--awb-items-padding-right:10px;--awb-items-padding-left:10px;--awb-border-color:#37731e;--awb-border-top:1px;--awb-border-right:1px;--awb-border-bottom:1px;--awb-border-left:1px;--awb-active-color:#000000;--awb-active-bg:#ffffff;--awb-active-border-top:1px;--awb-active-border-right:1px;--awb-active-border-bottom:1px;--awb-active-border-left:1px;--awb-active-border-color:#c00100;--awb-submenu-bg:#f7f7f7;--awb-submenu-border-radius-top-left:5px;--awb-submenu-border-radius-top-right:5px;--awb-submenu-border-radius-bottom-right:5px;--awb-submenu-border-radius-bottom-left:5px;--awb-submenu-active-bg:#e8e8e8;--awb-submenu-active-color:#37731e;--awb-submenu-space:5px;--awb-submenu-text-transform:none;--awb-main-justify-content:flex-start;--awb-mobile-justify:flex-start;--awb-mobile-caret-left:auto;--awb-mobile-caret-right:0;--awb-box-shadow:3px 3px 4px -1px #919191;;--awb-fusion-font-family-typography:inherit;--awb-fusion-font-style-typography:normal;--awb-fusion-font-weight-typography:400;--awb-fusion-font-family-submenu-typography:inherit;--awb-fusion-font-style-submenu-typography:normal;--awb-fusion-font-weight-submenu-typography:400;--awb-fusion-font-family-mobile-typography:inherit;--awb-fusion-font-style-mobile-typography:normal;--awb-fusion-font-weight-mobile-typography:400;\" aria-label=\"Nationalpark\" data-breakpoint=\"0\" data-count=\"0\" data-transition-type=\"fade\" data-transition-time=\"300\" data-expand=\"right\"><ul id=\"menu-nationalpark-en\" class=\"fusion-menu awb-menu__main-ul awb-menu__main-ul_row\"><li id=\"menu-item-6712\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-6712 awb-menu__li awb-menu__main-li awb-menu__main-li_regular\" data-item-id=\"6712\"><span class=\"awb-menu__main-background-default awb-menu__main-background-default_fade\"><\/span><span class=\"awb-menu__main-background-active awb-menu__main-background-active_fade\"><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/en\/lower-oder-valley-national-park\/habitat-types\/\" class=\"awb-menu__main-a awb-menu__main-a_regular\"><span class=\"menu-text\">Habi\u00adtat&nbsp;types<\/span><span class=\"awb-menu__open-nav-submenu-hover\"><\/span><\/a><button type=\"button\" aria-label=\"Open submenu of Habitat types\" aria-expanded=\"false\" class=\"awb-menu__open-nav-submenu_mobile awb-menu__open-nav-submenu_main\"><\/button><ul class=\"awb-menu__sub-ul awb-menu__sub-ul_main\"><li id=\"menu-item-6713\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6713 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/en\/lower-oder-valley-national-park\/habitat-types\/forest\/\" class=\"awb-menu__sub-a\"><span>For\u00adest<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-6714\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6714 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/en\/lower-oder-valley-national-park\/habitat-types\/xeric-grasslands\/\" class=\"awb-menu__sub-a\"><span>Xeric grass\u00adlands<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-6715\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-6715 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/en\/lower-oder-valley-national-park\/habitat-types\/polders\/\" class=\"awb-menu__sub-a\"><span>Pold\u00aders<\/span><span class=\"awb-menu__open-nav-submenu-hover\"><\/span><\/a><button type=\"button\" aria-label=\"Open submenu of Polders\" aria-expanded=\"false\" class=\"awb-menu__open-nav-submenu_mobile awb-menu__open-nav-submenu_sub\"><\/button><ul class=\"awb-menu__sub-ul awb-menu__sub-ul_grand\"><li id=\"menu-item-6717\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6717 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/en\/lower-oder-valley-national-park\/habitat-types\/polders\/wet-polder\/\" class=\"awb-menu__sub-a\"><span>Wet pold\u00ader<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-6716\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6716 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/en\/lower-oder-valley-national-park\/habitat-types\/polders\/dry-polder\/\" class=\"awb-menu__sub-a\"><span>Dry pold\u00ader<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-6718\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6718 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/en\/lower-oder-valley-national-park\/habitat-types\/oxbow-lakes-bayous-kolk-ponds\/\" class=\"awb-menu__sub-a\"><span>Oxbow Lakes \u2013 Bay\u00adous \u2013 Kolk&nbsp;Ponds<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-6754\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6754 awb-menu__li awb-menu__main-li awb-menu__main-li_regular\" data-item-id=\"6754\"><span class=\"awb-menu__main-background-default awb-menu__main-background-default_fade\"><\/span><span class=\"awb-menu__main-background-active awb-menu__main-background-active_fade\"><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/en\/lower-oder-valley-national-park\/flora\/\" class=\"awb-menu__main-a awb-menu__main-a_regular\"><span class=\"menu-text\">Flo\u00adra<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-6752\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-6752 awb-menu__li awb-menu__main-li awb-menu__main-li_regular\" data-item-id=\"6752\"><span class=\"awb-menu__main-background-default awb-menu__main-background-default_fade\"><\/span><span class=\"awb-menu__main-background-active awb-menu__main-background-active_fade\"><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/en\/lower-oder-valley-national-park\/fauna\/\" class=\"awb-menu__main-a awb-menu__main-a_regular\"><span class=\"menu-text\">Fau\u00adna<\/span><span class=\"awb-menu__open-nav-submenu-hover\"><\/span><\/a><button type=\"button\" aria-label=\"Open submenu of Fauna\" aria-expanded=\"false\" class=\"awb-menu__open-nav-submenu_mobile awb-menu__open-nav-submenu_main\"><\/button><ul class=\"awb-menu__sub-ul awb-menu__sub-ul_main\"><li id=\"menu-item-6753\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6753 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/en\/lower-oder-valley-national-park\/fauna\/bird-migration\/\" class=\"awb-menu__sub-a\"><span>Bird migra\u00adtion<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-6778\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6778 awb-menu__li awb-menu__main-li awb-menu__main-li_regular\" data-item-id=\"6778\"><span class=\"awb-menu__main-background-default awb-menu__main-background-default_fade\"><\/span><span class=\"awb-menu__main-background-active awb-menu__main-background-active_fade\"><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/en\/lower-oder-valley-national-park\/maps\/\" class=\"awb-menu__main-a awb-menu__main-a_regular\"><span class=\"menu-text\">Maps<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\"><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1 awb-text-cols fusion-text-columns-2\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;--awb-columns:2;--awb-column-spacing:2em;--awb-column-min-width:400px;\"><p><span class=\"fusion-dropcap dropcap\">F<\/span>orest only plays a sub\u00ador\u00addi\u00adnate role in terms of area in the Low\u00ader Oder Val\u00adley Nation\u00adal Park. In addi\u00adtion to the remains of hard\u00adwood and soft\u00adwood allu\u00advial for\u00adest in the pold\u00ader area, there are some remark\u00adable hill\u00adside forests on the slopes of the Oder Val\u00adley, i.e. on the old lat\u00ader\u00adal moraines of the Oder glacial val\u00adley. Since they are dif\u00adfi\u00adcult to use for forestry due to their steep hill\u00adside loca\u00adtion and are dif\u00adfi\u00adcult to reach, they are in a near-nat\u00adur\u00adal state and were large\u00adly incor\u00adpo\u00adrat\u00aded into pro\u00adtec\u00adtion zone I (total reserve) when the nation\u00adal park was found\u00aded (1995).<\/p>\n<p>This means that the forestry has been stopped here and the trees are grow\u00ading, but can also fall and stay where they want. This is where real wilder\u00adness devel\u00adops and wilder\u00adness can be dan\u00adger\u00adous. We strong\u00adly advise against hik\u00ading in these forests in the event of a&nbsp;storm.<\/p>\n<p>Hunt\u00ading is also stopped in these wilder\u00adness areas. Excess hoofed game pop\u00adu\u00adla\u00adtions (wild boar, roe deer, deer) are only skimmed off in the hill\u00adside forests on one or two dri\u00adven hunts per year in order to avoid game dam\u00adage on the sur\u00adround\u00ading fields, but also to enable brows\u00ading dam\u00adage in the for\u00adest and thus nat\u00adur\u00adal regen\u00ader\u00ada\u00adtion. We don\u2019t call that<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/en\/80-years-of-nature-conservation-in-the-lower-oder-valley\/problem-areas\/hunting-angling-fishing\/\"> hunt<\/a>, but wildlife reg\u00adu\u00adla\u00adtion. This is nec\u00ades\u00adsary until the nat\u00adu\u00adral\u00adly occur\u00adring preda\u00adtors such as wolf (<em>Can\u00adis lupus<\/em>), Lynx (<em>Lynx lynx<\/em>) and bear (<em>Ursus arc\u00adtos<\/em>) have become at home again and can take on their role in the ecosys\u00adtem. Only then can the hunt be stopped. The wolf is already there, dec\u00adi\u00admat\u00ading above all the roe deer, main\u00adly the old and sick, but also the beaver or small car\u00adni\u00advores such as the fox, which, if it pre\u00advails indef\u00adi\u00adnite\u00adly, endan\u00adgers the already thin mead\u00adow breed\u00ading pop\u00adu\u00adla\u00adtion in the Oder flood\u00adplain. So we hope to achieve a rel\u00ada\u00adtive eco\u00adlog\u00adi\u00adcal bal\u00adance in the for\u00adest in this way, if pos\u00adsi\u00adble with\u00adout human intervention.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<style>\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 100%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id=\"gallery-1\" class=\"gallery galleryid-6706 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large\"><dl class=\"gallery-item\">\n\t\t\t<dt class=\"gallery-icon landscape\">\n\t\t\t\t<a data-rel=\"iLightbox[postimages]\" data-title=\"Natural regeneration in the Lower Oder Valley National Park\" data-caption=\"Natural regeneration in the Lower Oder Valley National Park\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/naturverjuengung-1997-b-grimm.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/naturverjuengung-1997-b-grimm-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large lazyload\" alt=\"Natural regeneration in the Lower Oder Valley National Park\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-6178\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271200%27%20height%3D%27800%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201200%20800%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271200%27%20height%3D%27800%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/naturverjuengung-1997-b-grimm-1024x683.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/naturverjuengung-1997-b-grimm-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/naturverjuengung-1997-b-grimm-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/naturverjuengung-1997-b-grimm-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/naturverjuengung-1997-b-grimm-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/naturverjuengung-1997-b-grimm-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/naturverjuengung-1997-b-grimm-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/naturverjuengung-1997-b-grimm-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/naturverjuengung-1997-b-grimm.jpg 1200w\" data-sizes=\"auto\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class=\"wp-caption-text gallery-caption\" id=\"gallery-1-6178\">\n\t\t\t\tNat\u00adur\u00adal regen\u00ader\u00ada\u00adtion in the Low\u00ader Oder Val\u00adley Nation\u00adal&nbsp;Park&nbsp;<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\">\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<p>But the nat\u00adur\u00adal decid\u00adu\u00adous for\u00adest is already worth see\u00ading. Hik\u00aders can, for exam\u00adple, hike from Lunow to Criewen on many good hik\u00ading trails through the unspoilt hill\u00adside forests, but bet\u00adter not when there is wind or&nbsp;storm.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:30px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 sep-underline sep-dotted fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-font-size:30px;\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;font-size:1em;line-height:20px;\">Riparian forests<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2 awb-text-cols fusion-text-columns-2\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;--awb-columns:2;--awb-column-spacing:2em;--awb-column-min-width:400px;\">\n\t\t<style>\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 50%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id=\"gallery-2\" class=\"gallery galleryid-6706 gallery-columns-2 gallery-size-medium\"><dl class=\"gallery-item\">\n\t\t\t<dt class=\"gallery-icon landscape\">\n\t\t\t\t<a data-rel=\"iLightbox[postimages]\" data-title=\"Riparian forest in spring\" data-caption=\"Riparian forest in spring\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/auwald-im-fruehjahr-blutke.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/auwald-im-fruehjahr-blutke-500x333.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium lazyload\" alt=\"Riparian forest in spring\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-2-6166\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271200%27%20height%3D%27800%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201200%20800%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271200%27%20height%3D%27800%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/auwald-im-fruehjahr-blutke-500x333.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/auwald-im-fruehjahr-blutke-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/auwald-im-fruehjahr-blutke-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/auwald-im-fruehjahr-blutke-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/auwald-im-fruehjahr-blutke-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/auwald-im-fruehjahr-blutke-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/auwald-im-fruehjahr-blutke-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/auwald-im-fruehjahr-blutke-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/auwald-im-fruehjahr-blutke.jpg 1200w\" data-sizes=\"auto\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class=\"wp-caption-text gallery-caption\" id=\"gallery-2-6166\">\n\t\t\t\tRipar\u00adi\u00adan for\u00adest in spring&nbsp;<\/dd><\/dl><dl class=\"gallery-item\">\n\t\t\t<dt class=\"gallery-icon landscape\">\n\t\t\t\t<a data-rel=\"iLightbox[postimages]\" data-title=\"Alluvial forest near Criewen\" data-caption=\"Alluvial forest near Criewen\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/auwald-bei-criewen-voessing.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/auwald-bei-criewen-voessing-500x333.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium lazyload\" alt=\"Alluvial forest near Criewen\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-2-6400\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271200%27%20height%3D%27800%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201200%20800%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271200%27%20height%3D%27800%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/auwald-bei-criewen-voessing-500x333.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/auwald-bei-criewen-voessing-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/auwald-bei-criewen-voessing-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/auwald-bei-criewen-voessing-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/auwald-bei-criewen-voessing-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/auwald-bei-criewen-voessing-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/auwald-bei-criewen-voessing-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/auwald-bei-criewen-voessing.jpg 1200w\" data-sizes=\"auto\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class=\"wp-caption-text gallery-caption\" id=\"gallery-2-6400\">\n\t\t\t\tAllu\u00advial for\u00adest near Criewen&nbsp;<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\">\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<p>As old maps show, allu\u00advial forests were exten\u00adsive in the Mid\u00addle Ages and cov\u00adered over two thirds of the area of the Oder val\u00adley. Due to the agri\u00adcul\u00adtur\u00adal use, the allu\u00advial for\u00adest was pushed back fur\u00adther and fur\u00adther. The emer\u00adgence of new trees was pre\u00advent\u00aded by mow\u00ading and tread dam\u00adage, by brows\u00ading by wild ani\u00admals and graz\u00ading ani\u00admals, but also by the lack of flood\u00ading dynam\u00adics of the no longer freely flow\u00ading riv\u00ader in the pold\u00ader area. Such flood\u00ading would be nec\u00ades\u00adsary in order to open up the dense veg\u00ade\u00adta\u00adtion cov\u00ader and to give the allu\u00advial or blown tree seeds good oppor\u00adtu\u00adni\u00adties for ger\u00admi\u00adna\u00adtion on the ero\u00adsion&nbsp;areas.<br>\nOf the<strong> Hard\u00adwood allu\u00advial for\u00adest<\/strong> is a for\u00adest dom\u00adi\u00adnat\u00aded by oaks and elms on a moist loca\u00adtion in the flood\u00adplain, which can cope well with the reg\u00adu\u00adlar win\u00adter floods. In the low\u00ader Oder val\u00adley, the hard\u00adwood allu\u00advial for\u00adest con\u00adsists main\u00adly of the white elm<em> (Ulmus lae\u00advis)<\/em> and the Eng\u00adlish oak<em> (Quer\u00adcus robur)<\/em> togeth\u00ader. A larg\u00ader remain\u00ading occur\u00adrence of the hard\u00adwood allu\u00advial for\u00adest can be found around the Welsesee.<br>\nFloods in sum\u00admer, dur\u00ading the grow\u00ading sea\u00adson, are rel\u00ada\u00adtive\u00adly dif\u00adfi\u00adcult to cope with in hard\u00adwood allu\u00advial forests. The effects of the extreme sum\u00admer floods of 1997 can be seen well on the Welsesee. Numer\u00adous elms and oaks died there in 1997, the dead trunks of which still soar into the sky. But this is a nat\u00adur\u00adal process, which in turn opens up new liv\u00ading spaces for oth\u00ader liv\u00ading beings.<br>\nAlso the<strong> Soft\u00adwood allu\u00advial for\u00adest<\/strong> can only be found in a few places in the low\u00ader Oder val\u00adley, for exam\u00adple as the white wil\u00adlow-black poplar allu\u00advial for\u00adest at Crieort, in the Vorde\u00adich area near Criewen, Lunow or on the old Oder. Soft\u00adwood allu\u00advial for\u00adest is made up of var\u00adi\u00adous types of wil\u00adlow and poplar, of which above&nbsp;all<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>White wil\u00adlow<em> (Sal\u00adix&nbsp;alba)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Pur\u00adple wil\u00adlow<em> (Sal\u00adix purpurea)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Quak\u00ading aspen<em> (Pop\u00adu\u00adlus tremula)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>White poplar<em> (Pop\u00adu\u00adlus&nbsp;alba)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Black poplar<em> (Pop\u00adu\u00adlus&nbsp;nigra)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>are to be men\u00adtioned. The native black poplar is strong\u00adly threat\u00adened and is expe\u00adri\u00adenc\u00ading a new, sci\u00aden\u00adtif\u00adi\u00adcal\u00adly sup\u00adport\u00aded dis\u00adtri\u00adb\u00adu\u00adtion in its own fund\u00ading project.<br>\nIt is planned to increase the pro\u00adpor\u00adtion of the allu\u00advial for\u00adest again as part of nature con\u00adser\u00adva\u00adtion man\u00adage\u00adment. Accord\u00ading to the main\u00adte\u00adnance and devel\u00adop\u00adment plan, the ini\u00adtial\u00adi\u00adsa\u00adtion of the allu\u00advial for\u00adest is planned on up to 1,000&nbsp;hectares. This is to be achieved, among oth\u00ader things, by ini\u00adtial plant\u00adi\u00adngs that open the oth\u00ader\u00adwise dense herba\u00adceous lay\u00ader and, after a few years of pro\u00adtec\u00adtive care, pro\u00adduce a self-repro\u00adduc\u00ading ripar\u00adi\u00adan for\u00adest. Land users are also required to effec\u00adtive\u00adly iso\u00adlate trees and water\u00adways in order to facil\u00adi\u00adtate the nat\u00adur\u00adal regen\u00ader\u00ada\u00adtion of the allu\u00advial forest.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:30px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-2 sep-underline sep-dotted fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-font-size:30px;\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;font-size:1em;line-height:20px;\">Hillside forests<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3 awb-text-cols fusion-text-columns-2\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;--awb-columns:2;--awb-column-spacing:2em;--awb-column-min-width:400px;\"><p class=\"rtejustify\">On the slopes of the Oder val\u00adley there are wet forests in the val\u00adleys and spring gorges, that of the ash<em> (Frax\u00adi\u00adnus exel\u00adsior)<\/em> are dom\u00adi\u00adnat\u00aded and can be found in a very good dis\u00adtri\u00adb\u00adu\u00adtion. This damp ash for\u00adest deserves spe\u00adcial atten\u00adtion and is rel\u00ada\u00adtive\u00adly rare in Germany.<\/p>\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">There are beau\u00adti\u00adful hill\u00adside forests in the Lunow\u00ader H\u00f6lzchen, in the Gellmers\u00addor\u00adfer Forst, in the south\u00adern part of the Peter\u00adberge and in the north between Gartz and Mescherin.<\/p>\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">In the hill\u00adside forests, the beech trees nat\u00adu\u00adral\u00adly dom\u00adi\u00adnate, as they can still be found in the Gellmers\u00addor\u00adfer For\u00adest today. A grove beech for\u00adest can be found on super\u00adfi\u00adcial\u00adly sand\u00aded soils, in which a num\u00adber of acid indi\u00adca\u00adtors, e.g. the Schl\u00e4n\u00adgel-Schmiele<em> (Deschamp\u00adsia flex\u00adu\u00adosa)<\/em>, the thorny worm fern<em> (Dry\u00adopteris carthu\u00adsiana)<\/em> or the pill-sedge<em> (Carex pilulif\u00adera)<\/em> occur reg\u00adu\u00adlar\u00adly. On lime-rich soils, for exam\u00adple boul\u00adder clay, a sedge-beech for\u00adest is very rarely found in the area, through the moun\u00adtain sedge<em> (Carex mon\u00adtana)<\/em> and a num\u00adber of orchids (e.g. <em>Cepha\u00adlan\u00adthera dama\u00adso\u00adni\u00adum<\/em>) is marked.<\/p>\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">Main\u00adly, how\u00adev\u00ader, woodruff and bar\u00adley beech forests can be found in the low\u00ader Oder val\u00adley. For them, the gold\u00aden dead net\u00adtle is in the soil lay\u00ader<em> (Lami\u00adum gale\u00adob\u00addolon)<\/em> who have favour\u00adit\u00aded Spiked Devil\u2019s Claw<em> (Phy\u00adteu\u00adma spi\u00adca\u00adtum)<\/em>, the woodruff<em> (Gal\u00adi\u00adum odor\u00ada\u00adtum)<\/em>, the sin\u00adgle-flow\u00adered pearl grass<em> (Mel\u00adi\u00adca uni\u00adflo\u00adra)<\/em>, the Christo\u00adpher herb<em> (Actaea spi\u00adca\u00adta)<\/em>, the liv\u00ader\u00adwort<em> (Hepat\u00adi\u00adca nobilis)<\/em> or, more rarely, the Turk\u2019s cap lily<em> (Lil\u00adi\u00adum marta\u00adgon)<\/em> dis\u00adtinc\u00adtive species.<\/p>\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">Many of these loca\u00adtions are now pop\u00adu\u00adlat\u00aded by horn\u00adbeams, ses\u00adsile oaks, Eng\u00adlish oaks or win\u00adter lin\u00adden trees and also make a nat\u00adur\u00adal impres\u00adsion. How\u00adev\u00ader, these horn\u00adbeam for\u00adest com\u00admu\u00adni\u00adties are like\u00adly to be an anthro\u00adpogenic \u201carti\u00adfact\u201d on the Oder, i.e. the result of ongo\u00ading low or medi\u00adum-sized for\u00adest oper\u00ada\u00adtions. Accord\u00ading to the lat\u00adest find\u00adings, today\u2019s oak and horn\u00adbeam forests in the hill coun\u00adtry and the slopes of the Oder val\u00adley are anthro\u00adpogenic. The loca\u00adtion fac\u00adtors cor\u00adre\u00adspond to those of the beech forests. But where the vig\u00ador\u00adous and shade-tol\u00ader\u00adant beech can thrive, it dis\u00adplaces the oth\u00ader, infe\u00adri\u00ador tree species. In some typ\u00adi\u00adcal oak-horn\u00adbeam forests, for exam\u00adple in Lunow\u00ader H\u00f6lzchen, young beech forests begin to grow and ini\u00adti\u00adate nat\u00adur\u00adal devel\u00adop\u00adment. Up until now, experts were con\u00advinced that the beech could not thrive in most of these loca\u00adtions and that these areas were reserved for oaks and hornbeams.<\/p>\n<p class=\"rtejustify\">The elm hill\u00adside forests on the steep slopes of the glacial areas to the Oder Val\u00adley are a spe\u00adcial rar\u00adi\u00adty among the for\u00adest com\u00admu\u00adni\u00adties in the Nation\u00adal Park. All three types of elm deter\u00admine the tree lay\u00ader: white elm<em> (Ulmus lae\u00advis)<\/em>, Field elm<em> (Ulmus minor)<\/em>, Moun\u00adtain elm<em> (Ulmus glabra)<\/em>. A rich flo\u00adra com\u00adple\u00adments the pic\u00adture. Here are the dwarf lark\u00adspurs<em> (Cory\u00addalis pumi\u00adla)<\/em> and the scat\u00adtered for\u00adget-me-not<em> (Myoso\u00adtis spar\u00adsi\u00adflo\u00adra)<\/em> dis\u00adtinc\u00adtive species.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<style>\n\t\t\t#gallery-3 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-3 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 100%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-3 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-3 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id=\"gallery-3\" class=\"gallery galleryid-6706 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large\"><dl class=\"gallery-item\">\n\t\t\t<dt class=\"gallery-icon portrait\">\n\t\t\t\t<a data-rel=\"iLightbox[postimages]\" data-title=\"Hillside forest near Bellinchen\" data-caption=\"Hillside forest near Bellinchen\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/02-wald-bellinchen-migdalska.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"930\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/02-wald-bellinchen-migdalska.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large lazyload\" alt=\"Hillside forest near Bellinchen\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-3-6164\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27930%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20600%20930%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27930%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/02-wald-bellinchen-migdalska.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/02-wald-bellinchen-migdalska-200x310.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/02-wald-bellinchen-migdalska-323x500.jpg 323w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/02-wald-bellinchen-migdalska-400x620.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/02-wald-bellinchen-migdalska.jpg 600w\" data-sizes=\"auto\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class=\"wp-caption-text gallery-caption\" id=\"gallery-3-6164\">\n\t\t\t\tHill\u00adside for\u00adest near Bellinchen&nbsp;<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\">\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:30px;width:100%;\"><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.reading-box-container-1 .element-bottomshadow:before,.reading-box-container-1 .element-bottomshadow:after{opacity:0.7;}<\/style><div class=\"fusion-reading-box-container reading-box-container-1\" style=\"--awb-title-color:#212934;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:20px;\"><div class=\"reading-box\" style=\"background-color:#f9f9fb;border-width:1px;border-color:rgba(226,226,226,0);border-left-width:3px;border-left-color:var(--primary_color);border-style:solid;\"><h2>Further reading<\/h2><div class=\"reading-box-additional fusion-reading-box-additional\">\nMore infor\u00adma\u00adtion on the sub\u00adject of forests can be found in the book \u201cDer Inter\u00adna\u00adtion\u00adal\u00adpark Unteres Oder\u00adtal \u2014 Ein Werk- und Wan\u00adder\u00adbuch\u201d (V\u00d6SSING 1998, Stapp Ver\u00adlag Berlin, p. 36 ff and p. 96&nbsp;ff).\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-carousel fusion-image-carousel-auto fusion-image-carousel-1 lightbox-enabled\"><div class=\"awb-carousel awb-swiper awb-swiper-carousel\" data-autoplay=\"no\" data-columns=\"1\" data-itemmargin=\"13\" data-itemwidth=\"180\" data-touchscroll=\"no\" data-imagesize=\"auto\" style=\"--awb-columns:1;\"><div class=\"swiper-wrapper awb-image-carousel-wrapper fusion-flex-align-items-center\"><div class=\"swiper-slide\"><div class=\"fusion-carousel-item-wrapper\"><div class=\"fusion-image-wrapper hover-type-none\"><a data-rel=\"iLightbox[image_carousel_1]\" data-caption=\"Alder-ash-beech forest\" data-title=\"Alder-ash-beech forest\" aria-label=\"Alder-ash-beech forest\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/erlen-eschen-buchenwald-b-grimm.jpg\" target=\"_self\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/erlen-eschen-buchenwald-b-grimm.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload\" alt=\"Alder-ash-beech forest\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271200%27%20height%3D%27800%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201200%20800%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271200%27%20height%3D%27800%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/erlen-eschen-buchenwald-b-grimm.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/erlen-eschen-buchenwald-b-grimm-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/erlen-eschen-buchenwald-b-grimm-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/erlen-eschen-buchenwald-b-grimm-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/erlen-eschen-buchenwald-b-grimm-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/erlen-eschen-buchenwald-b-grimm-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/erlen-eschen-buchenwald-b-grimm-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/erlen-eschen-buchenwald-b-grimm-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/erlen-eschen-buchenwald-b-grimm.jpg 1200w\" data-sizes=\"auto\"><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\"><div class=\"fusion-carousel-item-wrapper\"><div class=\"fusion-image-wrapper hover-type-none\"><a data-rel=\"iLightbox[image_carousel_1]\" data-caption=\"Alluvial forest, Lower Oder Valley National Park\" data-title=\"Alluvial forest, Lower Oder Valley National Park\" aria-label=\"Alluvial forest, Lower Oder Valley National Park\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wald-grimm.jpg\" target=\"_self\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wald-grimm.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload\" alt=\"Alluvial forest, Lower Oder Valley National Park\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271200%27%20height%3D%27800%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201200%20800%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271200%27%20height%3D%27800%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wald-grimm.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wald-grimm-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wald-grimm-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wald-grimm-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wald-grimm-600x400.jpg 600w, 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