{"id":9225,"date":"2009-02-04T13:34:59","date_gmt":"2009-02-04T12:34:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/2021.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/dzikiej-przyrody\/"},"modified":"2021-11-08T15:54:11","modified_gmt":"2021-11-08T14:54:11","slug":"dzikiej-przyrody","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/dzikiej-przyrody\/","title":{"rendered":"Dzikiej przyrody"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container ganzoben nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-no-small-visibility\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:0px;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:30px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\"><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-flex-start\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><nav class=\"awb-menu awb-menu_row awb-menu_em-hover mobile-mode-collapse-to-button awb-menu_icons-left awb-menu_dc-yes mobile-trigger-fullwidth-off awb-menu_mobile-toggle awb-menu_indent-left mobile-size-full-absolute loading mega-menu-loading awb-menu_desktop awb-menu_dropdown awb-menu_expand-right awb-menu_transition-fade fusion-no-small-visibility\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;--awb-min-height:1em;--awb-bg:#ffffff;--awb-border-radius-top-left:5px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:5px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:5px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:5px;--awb-gap:15px;--awb-align-items:center;--awb-items-padding-right:10px;--awb-items-padding-left:10px;--awb-border-color:#37731e;--awb-border-top:1px;--awb-border-right:1px;--awb-border-bottom:1px;--awb-border-left:1px;--awb-active-color:#000000;--awb-active-bg:#ffffff;--awb-active-border-top:1px;--awb-active-border-right:1px;--awb-active-border-bottom:1px;--awb-active-border-left:1px;--awb-active-border-color:#c00100;--awb-submenu-bg:#f7f7f7;--awb-submenu-border-radius-top-left:5px;--awb-submenu-border-radius-top-right:5px;--awb-submenu-border-radius-bottom-right:5px;--awb-submenu-border-radius-bottom-left:5px;--awb-submenu-active-bg:#e8e8e8;--awb-submenu-active-color:#37731e;--awb-submenu-space:5px;--awb-submenu-text-transform:none;--awb-main-justify-content:flex-start;--awb-mobile-justify:flex-start;--awb-mobile-caret-left:auto;--awb-mobile-caret-right:0;--awb-box-shadow:3px 3px 4px -1px #919191;;--awb-fusion-font-family-typography:inherit;--awb-fusion-font-style-typography:normal;--awb-fusion-font-weight-typography:400;--awb-fusion-font-family-submenu-typography:inherit;--awb-fusion-font-style-submenu-typography:normal;--awb-fusion-font-weight-submenu-typography:400;--awb-fusion-font-family-mobile-typography:inherit;--awb-fusion-font-style-mobile-typography:normal;--awb-fusion-font-weight-mobile-typography:400;\" aria-label=\"Nationalpark\" data-breakpoint=\"0\" data-count=\"0\" data-transition-type=\"fade\" data-transition-time=\"300\" data-expand=\"right\"><ul id=\"menu-nationalpark-pl\" class=\"fusion-menu awb-menu__main-ul awb-menu__main-ul_row\"><li id=\"menu-item-9237\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-9237 awb-menu__li awb-menu__main-li awb-menu__main-li_regular\" data-item-id=\"9237\"><span class=\"awb-menu__main-background-default awb-menu__main-background-default_fade\"><\/span><span class=\"awb-menu__main-background-active awb-menu__main-background-active_fade\"><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/typy-siedlisk\/\" class=\"awb-menu__main-a awb-menu__main-a_regular\"><span class=\"menu-text\">Typy sie\u00addlisk<\/span><span class=\"awb-menu__open-nav-submenu-hover\"><\/span><\/a><button type=\"button\" aria-label=\"Open submenu of Typy siedlisk\" aria-expanded=\"false\" class=\"awb-menu__open-nav-submenu_mobile awb-menu__open-nav-submenu_main\"><\/button><ul class=\"awb-menu__sub-ul awb-menu__sub-ul_main\"><li id=\"menu-item-9238\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9238 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/typy-siedlisk\/las\/\" class=\"awb-menu__sub-a\"><span>Las<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-9243\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9243 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/typy-siedlisk\/sucha-trawa\/\" class=\"awb-menu__sub-a\"><span>Sucha tra\u00adwa<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-9239\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-9239 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/typy-siedlisk\/poldery\/\" class=\"awb-menu__sub-a\"><span>Polde\u00adry<\/span><span class=\"awb-menu__open-nav-submenu-hover\"><\/span><\/a><button type=\"button\" aria-label=\"Open submenu of Poldery\" aria-expanded=\"false\" class=\"awb-menu__open-nav-submenu_mobile awb-menu__open-nav-submenu_sub\"><\/button><ul class=\"awb-menu__sub-ul awb-menu__sub-ul_grand\"><li id=\"menu-item-9240\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9240 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/typy-siedlisk\/poldery\/mokry-polder\/\" class=\"awb-menu__sub-a\"><span>Mokry polder<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-9241\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9241 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/typy-siedlisk\/poldery\/suchy-polder\/\" class=\"awb-menu__sub-a\"><span>Suchy polder<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-9242\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9242 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/typy-siedlisk\/rozlewiska-starorzecza-baseny\/\" class=\"awb-menu__sub-a\"><span>Roz\u00adle\u00adwi\u00adska \u2013 sta\u00adro\u00adrze\u00adcza \u2013 baseny<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-9387\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9387 awb-menu__li awb-menu__main-li awb-menu__main-li_regular\" data-item-id=\"9387\"><span class=\"awb-menu__main-background-default awb-menu__main-background-default_fade\"><\/span><span class=\"awb-menu__main-background-active awb-menu__main-background-active_fade\"><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/flora\/\" class=\"awb-menu__main-a awb-menu__main-a_regular\"><span class=\"menu-text\">Flo\u00adra<\/span><\/a><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-9233\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-9233 awb-menu__li awb-menu__main-li awb-menu__main-li_regular\" data-item-id=\"9233\"><span class=\"awb-menu__main-background-default awb-menu__main-background-default_fade\"><\/span><span class=\"awb-menu__main-background-active awb-menu__main-background-active_fade\"><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/dzikiej-przyrody\/\" class=\"awb-menu__main-a awb-menu__main-a_regular\"><span class=\"menu-text\">Dzi\u00adkiej przyrody<\/span><span class=\"awb-menu__open-nav-submenu-hover\"><\/span><\/a><button type=\"button\" aria-label=\"Open submenu of Dzikiej przyrody\" aria-expanded=\"false\" class=\"awb-menu__open-nav-submenu_mobile awb-menu__open-nav-submenu_main\"><\/button><ul class=\"awb-menu__sub-ul awb-menu__sub-ul_main\"><li id=\"menu-item-9234\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9234 awb-menu__li awb-menu__sub-li\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/dzikiej-przyrody\/migracja-ptakow\/\" class=\"awb-menu__sub-a\"><span>Migra\u00adcja ptak\u00f3w<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li id=\"menu-item-9236\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9236 awb-menu__li awb-menu__main-li awb-menu__main-li_regular\" data-item-id=\"9236\"><span class=\"awb-menu__main-background-default awb-menu__main-background-default_fade\"><\/span><span class=\"awb-menu__main-background-active awb-menu__main-background-active_fade\"><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/karty\/\" class=\"awb-menu__main-a awb-menu__main-a_regular\"><span class=\"menu-text\">Kar\u00adty<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\"><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1 awb-text-cols fusion-text-columns-2\" style=\"--awb-text-transform:none;--awb-columns:2;--awb-column-spacing:2em;--awb-column-min-width:400px;\"><p><span class=\"fusion-dropcap dropcap\">D<\/span>oli\u00adna dol\u00adnej Odry by\u0142a naj\u00adbar\u00addziej zna\u00adna z ptac\u00adtwa. W samej tyl\u00adko nie\u00admiec\u00adkiej cz\u0119\u00ad\u015bci Mi\u0119\u00addzy\u00adna\u00adro\u00addo\u00adwe\u00adgo Par\u00adku doli\u00adczo\u00adno si\u0119 160 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w pta\u00adk\u00f3w l\u0119go\u00adwych, 54 ssa\u00adk\u00f3w, 6 gad\u00f3w, 11 p\u0142a\u00adz\u00f3w i 49 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w ryb. W doli\u00adnie dol\u00adnej Odry, opr\u00f3cz bocia\u00adna czar\u00adne\u00adgo i pucha\u00adcza, roz\u00admna\u00ad\u017ca\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 wszyst\u00adkie trzy typy or\u0142\u00f3w (orze\u0142 bie\u00adlik, orlik gru\u00adbo\u00addzio\u00adby, rybo\u00ad\u0142\u00f3w). Na uwa\u00adg\u0119 zas\u0142u\u00adgu\u00adj\u0105 regu\u00adlar\u00adnie l\u0119go\u00adwe tu rybi\u00adtwa czar\u00adna, bia\u00ad\u0142o\u00adbro\u00adda i bia\u00ad\u0142o\u00adskrzy\u00add\u0142a, a tak\u00ad\u017ce sil\u00adna popu\u00adla\u00adcja der\u00adka\u00adcza i ostat\u00adnie pary l\u0119go\u00adwe turzy\u00adcy turzy\u00adcy w Niem\u00adczech. W\u015br\u00f3d ssa\u00adk\u00f3w na szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adn\u0105 uwa\u00adg\u0119 zas\u0142u\u00adgu\u00adj\u0105 wydry i szyb\u00adko roz\u00adprze\u00adstrze\u00adnia\u00adj\u0105\u00adcy si\u0119&nbsp;b\u00f3br.<\/p>\n<p>Fau\u00adna w doli\u00adnie dol\u00adnej Odry nie by\u0142a jesz\u00adcze sys\u00adte\u00adma\u00adtycz\u00adnie reje\u00adstro\u00adwa\u00adna a\u017c do pocz\u0105t\u00adku lat 90. XX wie\u00adku. Od stu lat ist\u00adnie\u00adj\u0105 poje\u00addyn\u00adcze obser\u00adwa\u00adcje, ale tyl\u00adko kil\u00adka pod\u00adsu\u00admo\u00adwu\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych repre\u00adzen\u00adta\u00adcji. W szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci eks\u00adper\u00adci ze sta\u00adcji ochro\u00adny przy\u00adro\u00addy M\u00f6n\u00adne (w pobli\u00ad\u017cu Szcze\u00adci\u00adna) i Bel\u00adlin\u00adchen (Bie\u00adli\u00adnek) prze\u00adpro\u00adwa\u00addzi\u00adli na swo\u00adich obsza\u00adrach bada\u00adnia, kt\u00f3\u00adre doty\u00adcz\u0105 r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c doli\u00adny dol\u00adnej&nbsp;Odry.<\/p>\n<p>Przede wszyst\u00adkim r\u00f3\u017c\u00adno\u00adrod\u00adne \u017cycie pta\u00adk\u00f3w by\u0142o szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adnym zain\u00adte\u00adre\u00adso\u00adwa\u00adniem wcze\u00adsnych przy\u00adrod\u00adni\u00adk\u00f3w, takich jak Paul Robien. Na bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adskim odcin\u00adku doli\u00adny dol\u00adnej Odry mi\u0119\u00addzy Hohen\u00adsa\u00adaten i Gartz roz\u00adpo\u00adcz\u0119\u00adto bada\u00adnia orni\u00adto\u00adlo\u00adgicz\u00adne w 1965 r. dzi\u0119\u00adki pra\u00adcy bra\u00adci Dit\u00adt\u00adber\u00adner. To przede wszyst\u00adkim dzi\u0119\u00adki tej pio\u00adnier\u00adskiej pra\u00adcy orni\u00adto\u00adlo\u00adgicz\u00adnej ju\u017c w cza\u00adsach NRD mo\u017c\u00adli\u00adwe by\u0142o wyzna\u00adcze\u00adnie wi\u0119k\u00adszych rezer\u00adwa\u00adt\u00f3w przy\u00adro\u00addy w Doli\u00adnie Dol\u00adnej Odry. To w\u0142a\u00ad\u015bnie orni\u00adto\u00adlo\u00addzy po\u0142o\u00ad\u017cy\u00adli pod\u00adwa\u00adli\u00adny pod park naro\u00addo\u00adwy i pro\u00adgram nabrze\u017ca.<\/p>\n<p>W ramach tego pro\u00adgra\u00admu spo\u00adrz\u0105\u00addzo\u00adno plan utrzy\u00adma\u00adnia i roz\u00adwo\u00adju dla ca\u0142e\u00adgo obsza\u00adru pro\u00adjek\u00adtu. Obej\u00admo\u00adwa\u00ad\u0142o to pierw\u00adsz\u0105 zakro\u00adjo\u00adn\u0105 na du\u017c\u0105 ska\u00adl\u0119 i sys\u00adte\u00adma\u00adtycz\u00adn\u0105, g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adnie jako\u00ad\u015bcio\u00adw\u0105 reje\u00adstra\u00adcj\u0119 wybra\u00adnych grup zwie\u00adrz\u0105t nada\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych si\u0119 jako gatun\u00adki wska\u017a\u00adni\u00adko\u00adwe. Opr\u00f3cz makro\u00adzo\u00adoben\u00adto\u00adsu odno\u00adto\u00adwa\u00adno \u015bli\u00adma\u00adki l\u0105do\u00adwe, paj\u0105\u00adki, koni\u00adki polne, wa\u017c\u00adki, bie\u00adga\u00adczo\u00adwa\u00adte, dzi\u00adkie psz\u00adczo\u00ad\u0142y, du\u017ce moty\u00adle, ryby, p\u0142a\u00adzy, gady, pta\u00adki i ssa\u00adki. Po raz pierw\u00adszy daje to dobry prze\u00adgl\u0105d wyj\u0105t\u00adko\u00adwe\u00adgo fau\u00adni\u00adstycz\u00adne\u00adgo zna\u00adcze\u00adnia tego regionu.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 50%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id=\"gallery-1\" class=\"gallery galleryid-9225 gallery-columns-2 gallery-size-medium\"><dl class=\"gallery-item\">\n\t\t\t<dt class=\"gallery-icon landscape\">\n\t\t\t\t<a data-rel=\"iLightbox[postimages]\" data-title=\"Zimorodek\" data-caption=\"Zimorodek\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/eisvogel-oderkanal-naehe-schloss-criewen-stuerzbecher.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/eisvogel-oderkanal-naehe-schloss-criewen-stuerzbecher-500x333.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium lazyload\" alt=\"Zimorodek\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-9820\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271200%27%20height%3D%27800%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201200%20800%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271200%27%20height%3D%27800%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/eisvogel-oderkanal-naehe-schloss-criewen-stuerzbecher-500x333.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/eisvogel-oderkanal-naehe-schloss-criewen-stuerzbecher-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/eisvogel-oderkanal-naehe-schloss-criewen-stuerzbecher-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/eisvogel-oderkanal-naehe-schloss-criewen-stuerzbecher-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/eisvogel-oderkanal-naehe-schloss-criewen-stuerzbecher-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/eisvogel-oderkanal-naehe-schloss-criewen-stuerzbecher-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/eisvogel-oderkanal-naehe-schloss-criewen-stuerzbecher-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/eisvogel-oderkanal-naehe-schloss-criewen-stuerzbecher.jpg 1200w\" data-sizes=\"auto\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class=\"wp-caption-text gallery-caption\" id=\"gallery-1-9820\">\n\t\t\t\tZimorodek&nbsp;<\/dd><\/dl><dl class=\"gallery-item\">\n\t\t\t<dt class=\"gallery-icon landscape\">\n\t\t\t\t<a data-rel=\"iLightbox[postimages]\" data-title=\"Bocian czarny\" data-caption=\"Bocian czarny\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/schwarzstorch-blutke.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/schwarzstorch-blutke-500x333.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium lazyload\" alt=\"Bocian czarny\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-9850\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271200%27%20height%3D%27800%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201200%20800%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271200%27%20height%3D%27800%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/schwarzstorch-blutke-500x333.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/schwarzstorch-blutke-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/schwarzstorch-blutke-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/schwarzstorch-blutke-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/schwarzstorch-blutke-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/schwarzstorch-blutke-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/schwarzstorch-blutke-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/schwarzstorch-blutke.jpg 1200w\" data-sizes=\"auto\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class=\"wp-caption-text gallery-caption\" id=\"gallery-1-9850\">\n\t\t\t\tBocian czarny&nbsp;<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\"><dl class=\"gallery-item\">\n\t\t\t<dt class=\"gallery-icon landscape\">\n\t\t\t\t<a data-rel=\"iLightbox[postimages]\" data-title=\"Sowa uszata\" data-caption=\"Sowa uszata\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/sumpfohreule-1-stuerzbecher.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/sumpfohreule-1-stuerzbecher-500x333.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium lazyload\" alt=\"Sowa uszata\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-6153\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271200%27%20height%3D%27800%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201200%20800%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271200%27%20height%3D%27800%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/sumpfohreule-1-stuerzbecher-500x333.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/sumpfohreule-1-stuerzbecher-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/sumpfohreule-1-stuerzbecher-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/sumpfohreule-1-stuerzbecher-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/sumpfohreule-1-stuerzbecher-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/sumpfohreule-1-stuerzbecher-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/sumpfohreule-1-stuerzbecher-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/sumpfohreule-1-stuerzbecher-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/sumpfohreule-1-stuerzbecher.jpg 1200w\" data-sizes=\"auto\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class=\"wp-caption-text gallery-caption\" id=\"gallery-1-6153\">\n\t\t\t\tSowa uszata&nbsp;<\/dd><\/dl><dl class=\"gallery-item\">\n\t\t\t<dt class=\"gallery-icon landscape\">\n\t\t\t\t<a data-rel=\"iLightbox[postimages]\" data-title=\"\u017buraw z piskl\u0119ciem\" data-caption=\"\u017buraw z piskl\u0119ciem\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/kranich-mit-kueken-freymann.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/kranich-mit-kueken-freymann-500x333.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium lazyload\" alt=\"\u017buraw z piskl\u0119ciem\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-9824\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271200%27%20height%3D%27800%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201200%20800%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271200%27%20height%3D%27800%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/kranich-mit-kueken-freymann-500x333.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/kranich-mit-kueken-freymann-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/kranich-mit-kueken-freymann-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/kranich-mit-kueken-freymann-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/kranich-mit-kueken-freymann-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/kranich-mit-kueken-freymann-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/kranich-mit-kueken-freymann-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/kranich-mit-kueken-freymann.jpg 1200w\" data-sizes=\"auto\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class=\"wp-caption-text gallery-caption\" id=\"gallery-1-9824\">\n\t\t\t\t\u017buraw z piskl\u0119ciem&nbsp;<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\"><dl class=\"gallery-item\">\n\t\t\t<dt class=\"gallery-icon landscape\">\n\t\t\t\t<a data-rel=\"iLightbox[postimages]\" data-title=\"Orze\u0142 bielik\" data-caption=\"Orze\u0142 bielik\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/seeadler-freymann-1.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/seeadler-freymann-1-500x333.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium lazyload\" alt=\"Orze\u0142 bielik\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-7423\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271200%27%20height%3D%27800%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201200%20800%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271200%27%20height%3D%27800%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/seeadler-freymann-1-500x333.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/seeadler-freymann-1-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/seeadler-freymann-1-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/seeadler-freymann-1-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/seeadler-freymann-1-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/seeadler-freymann-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/seeadler-freymann-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/seeadler-freymann-1.jpg 1200w\" data-sizes=\"auto\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class=\"wp-caption-text gallery-caption\" id=\"gallery-1-7423\">\n\t\t\t\tOrze\u0142 bielik&nbsp;<\/dd><\/dl><dl class=\"gallery-item\">\n\t\t\t<dt class=\"gallery-icon landscape\">\n\t\t\t\t<a data-rel=\"iLightbox[postimages]\" data-title=\"Derkacz\" data-caption=\"Derkacz\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wachtelkoenig-nestmann.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wachtelkoenig-nestmann-500x333.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium lazyload\" alt=\"Derkacz\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-7426\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271200%27%20height%3D%27800%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201200%20800%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271200%27%20height%3D%27800%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wachtelkoenig-nestmann-500x333.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wachtelkoenig-nestmann-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wachtelkoenig-nestmann-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wachtelkoenig-nestmann-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wachtelkoenig-nestmann-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wachtelkoenig-nestmann-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wachtelkoenig-nestmann-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wachtelkoenig-nestmann.jpg 1200w\" data-sizes=\"auto\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class=\"wp-caption-text gallery-caption\" id=\"gallery-1-7426\">\n\t\t\t\tDerkacz&nbsp;<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\">\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:30px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><p>Poni\u00ad\u017cej przed\u00adsta\u00adwio\u00adno wyni\u00adki dla naj\u00adwa\u017c\u00adniej\u00adszych grup zwierz\u0105t.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-tabs fusion-tabs-1 classic vertical-tabs icon-position-left mobile-mode-accordion\" style=\"--awb-title-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-title-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-title-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-title-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-inactive-color:#f9f9fb;--awb-background-color:#ffffff;--awb-border-color:#e2e2e2;--awb-active-border-color:#c00100;\"><div class=\"nav\"><ul class=\"nav-tabs\" role=\"tablist\"><li class=\"active\" role=\"presentation\"><a class=\"tab-link\" data-toggle=\"tab\" role=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-513cc4bfec7b7b4b03b\" aria-selected=\"true\" id=\"fusion-tab-makrozoobentos\" href=\"#tab-513cc4bfec7b7b4b03b\"><h4 class=\"fusion-tab-heading\">Makrozoobentos<\/h4><\/a><\/li><li role=\"presentation\"><a class=\"tab-link\" data-toggle=\"tab\" role=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-438b029abed30c33618\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\" id=\"fusion-tab-mi\u0119czaki\" href=\"#tab-438b029abed30c33618\"><h4 class=\"fusion-tab-heading\">Mi\u0119czaki<\/h4><\/a><\/li><li role=\"presentation\"><a class=\"tab-link\" data-toggle=\"tab\" role=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-047e970f4ea1fbc8152\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\" id=\"fusion-tab-owady\" href=\"#tab-047e970f4ea1fbc8152\"><h4 class=\"fusion-tab-heading\">Owady<\/h4><\/a><\/li><li role=\"presentation\"><a class=\"tab-link\" data-toggle=\"tab\" role=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-c7cf117c5d5d3b22717\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\" id=\"fusion-tab-ryby\" href=\"#tab-c7cf117c5d5d3b22717\"><h4 class=\"fusion-tab-heading\">Ryby<\/h4><\/a><\/li><li role=\"presentation\"><a class=\"tab-link\" data-toggle=\"tab\" role=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-db65f264c87dfeeeff8\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\" id=\"fusion-tab-p\u0142azy\" href=\"#tab-db65f264c87dfeeeff8\"><h4 class=\"fusion-tab-heading\">P\u0142azy<\/h4><\/a><\/li><li role=\"presentation\"><a class=\"tab-link\" data-toggle=\"tab\" role=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-43fc516a080798c8723\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\" id=\"fusion-tab-gady\" href=\"#tab-43fc516a080798c8723\"><h4 class=\"fusion-tab-heading\">Gady<\/h4><\/a><\/li><li role=\"presentation\"><a class=\"tab-link\" data-toggle=\"tab\" role=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-b21c54c927059cd9f8c\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\" id=\"fusion-tab-ptaki\" href=\"#tab-b21c54c927059cd9f8c\"><h4 class=\"fusion-tab-heading\">Ptaki<\/h4><\/a><\/li><li role=\"presentation\"><a class=\"tab-link\" data-toggle=\"tab\" role=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-3d88b2e1968565fde7f\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\" id=\"fusion-tab-ssaki\" href=\"#tab-3d88b2e1968565fde7f\"><h4 class=\"fusion-tab-heading\">Ssaki<\/h4><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"tab-content\"><div class=\"nav fusion-mobile-tab-nav\"><ul class=\"nav-tabs\" role=\"tablist\"><li class=\"active\" role=\"presentation\"><a class=\"tab-link\" data-toggle=\"tab\" role=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-513cc4bfec7b7b4b03b\" aria-selected=\"true\" id=\"mobile-fusion-tab-makrozoobentos\" href=\"#tab-513cc4bfec7b7b4b03b\"><h4 class=\"fusion-tab-heading\">Makrozoobentos<\/h4><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"tab-pane fade fusion-clearfix in active\" role=\"tabpanel\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-labelledby=\"fusion-tab-makrozoobentos\" id=\"tab-513cc4bfec7b7b4b03b\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload alignright size-full wp-image-3306\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-bug.png\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-bug.png\" alt width=\"218\" height=\"259\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27218%27%20height%3D%27259%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20218%20259%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27218%27%20height%3D%27259%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-bug-200x238.png 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-bug.png 218w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 218px) 100vw, 218px\"> <\/p><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 sep-underline sep-dotted fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-font-size:24px;\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;font-size:1em;\">Makrozoobentos<\/h2><\/div>\n<p>Makro\u00adzo\u00adoben\u00adtos, tj. ma\u0142e bez\u00adkr\u0119\u00adgow\u00adce w zbior\u00adni\u00adkach wod\u00adnych o wiel\u00adko\u00ad\u015bci powy\u00ad\u017cej dw\u00f3ch mili\u00adme\u00adtr\u00f3w, s\u0105 dobrze odpo\u00adwied\u00adni\u00admi i sze\u00adro\u00adko sto\u00adso\u00adwa\u00adny\u00admi wska\u017a\u00adni\u00adka\u00admi do moni\u00adto\u00adro\u00adwa\u00adnia i oce\u00adny jed\u00adno\u00adli\u00adtych cz\u0119\u00ad\u015bci w\u00f3d. Ich przy\u00addat\u00adno\u015b\u0107 dla wska\u017a\u00adni\u00adk\u00f3w wyni\u00adka z nie\u00adkie\u00addy bar\u00addzo w\u0105skich wyma\u00adga\u0144 sie\u00addli\u00adsko\u00adwych tych gatun\u00adk\u00f3w. Doty\u00adczy to zar\u00f3w\u00adno jako\u00ad\u015bci wody, jak i mor\u00adfo\u00adlo\u00adgicz\u00adne\u00adgo pro\u00adjek\u00adtu ich sie\u00addlisk. \u015aci\u00ads\u0142e powi\u0105\u00adza\u00adnie sie\u00addli\u00adsko\u00adwe wie\u00adlu gatun\u00adk\u00f3w makro\u00adzo\u00adoben\u00adto\u00adsu skut\u00adku\u00adje dosko\u00adna\u00ad\u0142\u0105 przy\u00addat\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci\u0105 tej gru\u00adpy do for\u00admu\u00ad\u0142o\u00adwa\u00adnia cel\u00f3w ochro\u00adny przy\u00adro\u00addy w ramach pla\u00adnu utrzy\u00adma\u00adnia i rozwoju.<\/p>\n<p>Pr\u00f3b\u00adki pobra\u00adno z 30 typo\u00adwych dla tego obsza\u00adru sta\u00adno\u00adwisk pr\u00f3b\u00adnych w czte\u00adrech ter\u00admi\u00adnach w 1995 r. za pomo\u00adc\u0105 r\u0119cz\u00adnej sie\u00adci do zbie\u00adra\u00adnia i szczot\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adnia spodu p\u0142y\u00adwa\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych ro\u015blin li\u015bcia\u00adstych. Ponad\u00adto \u0142apa\u00adno lata\u00adj\u0105\u00adce owa\u00addy za pomo\u00adc\u0105 sie\u00adci pasko\u00adwych i lek\u00adkich pu\u0142a\u00adpek, kt\u00f3\u00adrych larw nie mo\u017c\u00adna by\u0142o jed\u00adno\u00adznacz\u00adnie zidentyfikowa\u0107.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 100%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id=\"gallery-2\" class=\"gallery galleryid-9225 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-full\"><dl class=\"gallery-item\">\n\t\t\t<dt class=\"gallery-icon landscape\">\n\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"473\" height=\"473\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/mantelschnecken-beweiden-aufwuchs-am-abgesunkenen-eichenblatt.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload\" alt=\"\u015alimaki p\u0142aszczowe pas\u0105 si\u0119 na zatopionym li\u015bciu d\u0119bu\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-2-6377\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27473%27%20height%3D%27473%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20473%20473%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27473%27%20height%3D%27473%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/mantelschnecken-beweiden-aufwuchs-am-abgesunkenen-eichenblatt.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/mantelschnecken-beweiden-aufwuchs-am-abgesunkenen-eichenblatt-66x66.jpg 66w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/mantelschnecken-beweiden-aufwuchs-am-abgesunkenen-eichenblatt-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/mantelschnecken-beweiden-aufwuchs-am-abgesunkenen-eichenblatt-200x200.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/mantelschnecken-beweiden-aufwuchs-am-abgesunkenen-eichenblatt-400x400.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/mantelschnecken-beweiden-aufwuchs-am-abgesunkenen-eichenblatt.jpg 473w\" data-sizes=\"auto\">\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class=\"wp-caption-text gallery-caption\" id=\"gallery-2-6377\">\n\t\t\t\t\u015ali\u00adma\u00adki p\u0142asz\u00adczo\u00adwe pas\u0105 si\u0119 na zato\u00adpio\u00adnym li\u015bciu d\u0119bu&nbsp;<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\">\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<p>W okre\u00adsie bada\u0144 ziden\u00adty\u00adfi\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adno \u0142\u0105cz\u00adnie 242 gatun\u00adki i 32 000 osob\u00adni\u00adk\u00f3w. Naj\u00adbo\u00adgat\u00adszy\u00admi gatun\u00adko\u00adwo gru\u00adpa\u00admi zwie\u00adrz\u0105t makro\u00adzo\u00adoben\u00adto\u00adsu by\u0142y chrz\u0105sz\u00adcze wod\u00adne (Cole\u00adop\u00adte\u00adra), zwie\u00adrz\u0119\u00adta dwu\u00adskrzy\u00add\u0142e (Dip\u00adte\u00adra) i \u015bli\u00adma\u00adki wod\u00adne (Gastro\u00adpo\u00adda). 19% wykry\u00adtych gatun\u00adk\u00f3w znaj\u00addu\u00adje si\u0119 na czer\u00adwo\u00adnych listach Nie\u00admiec lub Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii jako zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adne, kry\u00adtycz\u00adnie zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adne lub zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adne wygi\u00adni\u0119\u00adciem (RL 1, 2 i&nbsp;3).<\/p>\n<p>Roz\u00admiesz\u00adcze\u00adnie gatun\u00adk\u00f3w makro\u00adzo\u00adoben\u00adto\u00adsu w obsza\u00adrze rdze\u00adnia zale\u00ad\u017cy od wie\u00adlu czyn\u00adni\u00adk\u00f3w, z kt\u00f3\u00adrych naj\u00adwa\u017c\u00adniej\u00adsze to hydro\u00adlo\u00adgicz\u00adny typ cz\u0119\u00ad\u015bci w\u00f3d, mor\u00adfo\u00adlo\u00adgicz\u00adna struk\u00adtu\u00adra cz\u0119\u00ad\u015bci w\u00f3d oraz fizycz\u00adna i che\u00admicz\u00adna jako\u015b\u0107 wody. Typo\u00adwa\u00adnie akwe\u00adn\u00f3w prze\u00adpro\u00adwa\u00addzo\u00adne na pod\u00adsta\u00adwie tych czyn\u00adni\u00adk\u00f3w ujaw\u00adni\u00ad\u0142o poten\u00adcjal\u00adny roz\u00adk\u0142ad zbio\u00adro\u00adwisk gatun\u00adk\u00f3w dominuj\u0105cych.<\/p>\n<p>W rejo\u00adnie Odry i Hohen\u00adsa\u00adaten-Frie\u00addrich\u00adstha\u00adler Was\u00adser\u00adstra\u00ad\u00dfe wyr\u00f3\u017c\u00adnio\u00adno pi\u0119\u0107 zbio\u00adro\u00adwisk gatun\u00adko\u00adwych, kt\u00f3\u00adre maj\u0105 r\u00f3\u017c\u00adne wyma\u00adga\u00adnia sub\u00adstra\u00adto\u00adwe i r\u00f3\u017c\u00adne pre\u00adfe\u00adren\u00adcje prze\u00adp\u0142y\u00adwu. Z punk\u00adtu widze\u00adnia ochro\u00adny przy\u00adro\u00addy udo\u00adku\u00admen\u00adto\u00adwa\u00adne zosta\u00ad\u0142o zbio\u00adro\u00adwi\u00adsko gatun\u00adko\u00adwe roz\u00adle\u00adwisk nie\u00addaw\u00adnej r\u00f3w\u00adni\u00adny zale\u00adwo\u00adwej na tere\u00adnie Przed\u00adg\u00f3\u00adrza Odry, spo\u00adwo\u00addo\u00adwa\u00adne wyst\u0119\u00adpo\u00adwa\u00adniem \u015bli\u00adma\u00adka skrze\u00adli <em>Valva\u00adta nati\u00adci\u00adna<\/em>) jest zaznaczony.<\/p>\n<p>W wodach polde\u00adro\u00adwych wyod\u00adr\u0119b\u00adnio\u00adno r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c zbio\u00adro\u00adwi\u00adska pi\u0119\u00adciu gatun\u00adk\u00f3w. W obsza\u00adrze rdze\u00adnia domi\u00adnu\u00adje zgru\u00adpo\u00adwa\u00adnie gatun\u00adko\u00adwe sta\u00adro\u00adrze\u00adczy, w kt\u00f3\u00adrym prze\u00adwa\u00ad\u017ca\u00adj\u0105 gatun\u00adki mniej wyspe\u00adcja\u00adli\u00adzo\u00adwa\u00adne. Swo\u00adje g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adne cen\u00adtrum dys\u00adtry\u00adbu\u00adcyj\u00adne maj\u0105 w wodach sto\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych boga\u00adtych w ro\u015bli\u00adny wod\u00adne o b\u0142ot\u00adni\u00adstych gle\u00adbach. Wyso\u00adko wyspe\u00adcja\u00adli\u00adzo\u00adwa\u00adne gatun\u00adki wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adj\u0105 w wodach polde\u00adro\u00adwych w zamu\u00adlo\u00adnych odcin\u00adkach w\u00f3d, kt\u00f3\u00adre cha\u00adrak\u00adte\u00adry\u00adzu\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 du\u017cy\u00admi waha\u00adnia\u00admi pozio\u00admu wody. Cha\u00adrak\u00adte\u00adry\u00adstycz\u00adne dla zbio\u00adro\u00adwi\u00adska gatun\u00adku jest wyst\u0119\u00adpo\u00adwa\u00adnie przy\u00adgn\u0119\u00adbio\u00adne\u00adgo \u015bli\u00adma\u00adka skrze\u00adli\u00adko\u00adwe\u00adgo (<em>Valva\u00adta pul\u00adchel\u00adla<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p>Inn\u0105 wa\u017c\u00adn\u0105 z punk\u00adtu widze\u00adnia ochro\u00adny przy\u00adro\u00addy gru\u00adp\u0105 gatun\u00adko\u00adw\u0105 w\u00f3d polde\u00adro\u00adwych jest fau\u00adna w\u00f3d okre\u00adso\u00adwych i okre\u00adso\u00adwych. Istot\u00adny z punk\u00adtu widze\u00adnia ochro\u00adny przy\u00adro\u00addy gatu\u00adnek wie\u00adwi\u00f3r\u00adki ros\u00adsma\u00ades\u00adsler\u00adskiej (<em>Gyrau\u00adlus ros\u00adsma\u00ades\u00adsle\u00adri<\/em>) i m\u0105twy war\u00adgo\u00adwej (<em>Ani\u00adsus spi\u00adror\u00adbis<\/em>) a tak\u00ad\u017ce tyl\u00adny sza\u00adlik (<em>Lepi\u00addu\u00adrus apus<\/em>) mo\u017c\u00adna wykry\u0107 w tego typu wodach.<\/p>\n<p>\u0179r\u00f3\u00add\u0142a i poto\u00adki \u017ar\u00f3\u00add\u0142o\u00adwe, na przy\u00adk\u0142ad w Lesie Gel\u00adl\u00admers\u00addor\u00adfer, sta\u00adno\u00adwi\u0105 wa\u017c\u00adne sie\u00addli\u00adsko w g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adnym obsza\u00adrze fau\u00adny wod\u00adnej. S\u0105 domem dla fau\u00adny, kt\u00f3\u00adra jest rzad\u00adka w Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii i cha\u00adrak\u00adte\u00adry\u00adzu\u00adje si\u0119 gatun\u00adka\u00admi lubi\u0105\u00adcy\u00admi prze\u00adp\u0142yw, przy\u00adsto\u00adso\u00adwa\u00adny\u00admi do niskich tem\u00adpe\u00adra\u00adtur wody. Dowo\u00addy ist\u00adnie\u00adnia gatun\u00adku muchy chru\u00ad\u015bci\u00adkej s\u0105 zna\u00adcz\u0105\u00adce (<em>Rhy\u00adaco\u00adphi\u00adla nubi\u00adla<\/em>) i chrz\u0105szcz wod\u00adny (<em>Lim\u00adne\u00adbius trun\u00adca\u00adtel\u00adlus<\/em>) w tego typu wodzie.<\/p>\n<p>Por\u00f3w\u00adna\u00adnie z inny\u00admi wyni\u00adka\u00admi ju\u017c dost\u0119p\u00adny\u00admi dla bada\u00adne\u00adgo obsza\u00adru poka\u00adzu\u00adje, \u017ce wszyst\u00adkie wcze\u00ad\u015bniej zg\u0142o\u00adszo\u00adne gatun\u00adki mo\u017c\u00adna jesz\u00adcze wykry\u0107.<\/p>\n<a class=\"fb-icon-element-1 fb-icon-element fontawesome-icon fa-arrow-up fas circle-no fusion-text-flow fusion-link\" style=\"--awb-iconcolor:#37731E;--awb-iconcolor-hover:#c00100;--awb-font-size:16px;--awb-margin-right:10px;\" href=\"#tab-513cc4bfec7b7b4b03b\" aria-label=\"Link to #tab-513cc4bfec7b7b4b03b\" target=\"_self\"><\/a><a href=\"#tab-513cc4bfec7b7b4b03b\">powr\u00f3t do&nbsp;g\u00f3ry<\/a>\n<\/div><div class=\"nav fusion-mobile-tab-nav\"><ul class=\"nav-tabs\" role=\"tablist\"><li role=\"presentation\"><a class=\"tab-link\" data-toggle=\"tab\" role=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-438b029abed30c33618\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\" id=\"mobile-fusion-tab-mi\u0119czaki\" href=\"#tab-438b029abed30c33618\"><h4 class=\"fusion-tab-heading\">Mi\u0119czaki<\/h4><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"tab-pane fade fusion-clearfix\" role=\"tabpanel\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-labelledby=\"fusion-tab-mi\u0119czaki\" id=\"tab-438b029abed30c33618\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload alignright size-full wp-image-3311\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-sea-snail.png\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-sea-snail.png\" alt width=\"218\" height=\"192\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27218%27%20height%3D%27192%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20218%20192%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27218%27%20height%3D%27192%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-sea-snail-200x176.png 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-sea-snail.png 218w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 218px) 100vw, 218px\"><\/p><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-2 sep-underline sep-dotted fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-font-size:24px;\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;font-size:1em;\">Mi\u0119czaki<\/h2><\/div>\n<p>W bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adskiej cz\u0119\u00ad\u015bci doli\u00adny dol\u00adnej Odry ziden\u00adty\u00adfi\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adno 140 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w mi\u0119\u00adcza\u00adk\u00f3w, w tym 73 gatun\u00adki \u015bli\u00adma\u00adk\u00f3w l\u0105do\u00adwych, 46 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w \u015bli\u00adma\u00adk\u00f3w wod\u00adnych i 21 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w ma\u0142\u00ad\u017cy. Doli\u00adna Dol\u00adnej Odry jest domem dla 89,5% gatun\u00adk\u00f3w mi\u0119\u00adcza\u00adk\u00f3w udo\u00adku\u00admen\u00adto\u00adwa\u00adnych w Brandenburgii.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6095\" style=\"width: 483px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6095\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3237\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/spitzschlammschnecke-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/spitzschlammschnecke-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"\u015alimak b\u0142otny\" width=\"473\" height=\"473\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27473%27%20height%3D%27473%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20473%20473%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27473%27%20height%3D%27473%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/spitzschlammschnecke-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-66x66.jpg 66w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/spitzschlammschnecke-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/spitzschlammschnecke-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x200.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/spitzschlammschnecke-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-400x400.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/spitzschlammschnecke-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 473w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 473px) 100vw, 473px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6095\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u015ali\u00admak b\u0142otny<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"nav fusion-mobile-tab-nav\"><ul class=\"nav-tabs\" role=\"tablist\"><li role=\"presentation\"><a class=\"tab-link\" data-toggle=\"tab\" role=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-047e970f4ea1fbc8152\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\" id=\"mobile-fusion-tab-owady\" href=\"#tab-047e970f4ea1fbc8152\"><h4 class=\"fusion-tab-heading\">Owady<\/h4><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"tab-pane fade fusion-clearfix\" role=\"tabpanel\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-labelledby=\"fusion-tab-owady\" id=\"tab-047e970f4ea1fbc8152\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload alignright size-full wp-image-3308\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-dragon-fly.png\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-dragon-fly.png\" alt width=\"218\" height=\"259\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27218%27%20height%3D%27259%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20218%20259%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27218%27%20height%3D%27259%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-dragon-fly-200x238.png 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-dragon-fly.png 218w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 218px) 100vw, 218px\"><\/p><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-3 sep-underline sep-dotted fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-font-size:24px;\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;font-size:1em;\">Owady<\/h2><\/div>\n<p><strong>Tka\u00adj\u0105\u00adce paj\u0105ki<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>20 624 paj\u0105\u00adki zosta\u00ad\u0142y z\u0142a\u00adpa\u00adne przy pomo\u00adcy pu\u0142a\u00adpek pod\u00ad\u0142o\u00adgo\u00adwych, pask\u00f3w i ekra\u00adn\u00f3w opu\u00adku\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych, z cze\u00adgo 19 313 zwie\u00adrz\u0105t mo\u017c\u00adna by\u0142o ziden\u00adty\u00adfi\u00adko\u00adwa\u0107 wed\u0142ug gatun\u00adku. W ci\u0105\u00adgu ostat\u00adnich kil\u00adku lat ziden\u00adty\u00adfi\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adno \u0142\u0105cz\u00adnie 301 gatunk\u00f3w.<\/p>\n<p>53 gatun\u00adki (17,6%) znaj\u00addu\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 na czer\u00adwo\u00adnej li\u015bcie zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adnych paj\u0105\u00adk\u00f3w w Niem\u00adczech. Z punk\u00adtu widze\u00adnia ochro\u00adny przy\u00adro\u00addy wyst\u0119\u00adpo\u00adwa\u00adnie paj\u0105\u00adka wod\u00adne\u00adgo nale\u00ad\u017cy oce\u00adni\u0107 jako szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adnie wyso\u00adkie, ponie\u00adwa\u017c jest on wymie\u00adnio\u00adny jako zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adny wygi\u00adni\u0119\u00adciem w Fede\u00adral\u00adnym Roz\u00adpo\u00adrz\u0105\u00addze\u00adniu o Ochro\u00adnie Gatun\u00adk\u00f3w. Osiem gatun\u00adk\u00f3w jest wymie\u00adnio\u00adnych w kate\u00adgo\u00adriach zagro\u00ad\u017ce\u00adnia RL 1 i RL 2 Czer\u00adwo\u00adnej Ksi\u0119\u00adgi Niemiec.<\/p>\n<p>Oce\u00adna danych arach\u00adno\u00adlo\u00adgicz\u00adnych dowo\u00addzi nie\u00adzwy\u00adk\u0142e\u00adgo bogac\u00adtwa fau\u00adny paj\u0105\u00adk\u00f3w, zw\u0142asz\u00adcza wyso\u00adkie\u00adgo udzia\u00ad\u0142u gatun\u00adk\u00f3w zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adnych i klu\u00adczo\u00adwych. Poka\u00adzu\u00adje to, \u017ce polder suchy, inten\u00adsyw\u00adnie u\u017cyt\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adny rol\u00adni\u00adczo, jest znacz\u00adnie ubo\u017c\u00adszy od polde\u00adru mokre\u00adgo, zar\u00f3w\u00adno pod wzgl\u0119\u00addem liczeb\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci gatun\u00adk\u00f3w z Czer\u00adwo\u00adnej Listy, jak i liczeb\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci osobnik\u00f3w.<\/p>\n<p>Suche mura\u00adwy i suche cie\u00adp\u0142e lasy na zbo\u00adczach dolin, szu\u00adwa\u00adry trzci\u00adno\u00adwe, wil\u00adgot\u00adne i wil\u00adgot\u00adne \u0142\u0105ki, lasy zale\u00adwo\u00adwe i wyso\u00adkie, a tak\u00ad\u017ce wody sto\u00adj\u0105\u00adce i wol\u00adno p\u0142y\u00adn\u0105\u00adce z wyra\u017a\u00adn\u0105 ro\u015blin\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci\u0105 wod\u00adn\u0105 s\u0105 typa\u00admi sie\u00addlisk odpo\u00adwied\u00adni\u00admi dla paj\u0105k\u00f3w.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6085\" style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6085\" class=\"lazyload wp-image-3232 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/zebraspinne-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x336.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/zebraspinne-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x336.jpg\" alt=\"Paj\u0105k zebry\" width=\"500\" height=\"336\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27336%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20500%20336%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27336%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/zebraspinne-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x135.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/zebraspinne-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-400x269.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/zebraspinne-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x336.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/zebraspinne-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-600x404.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/zebraspinne-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 648w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6085\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Paj\u0105k zebry<\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\">.reading-box-container-1 .element-bottomshadow:before,.reading-box-container-1 .element-bottomshadow:after{opacity:0.7;}<\/style><div class=\"fusion-reading-box-container reading-box-container-1\" style=\"--awb-title-color:#212934;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:20px;\"><div class=\"reading-box\" style=\"background-color:#f9f9fb;border-width:1px;border-color:rgba(226,226,226,0);border-left-width:3px;border-left-color:var(--primary_color);border-style:solid;\"><h2>Dalsza lektura<\/h2><div class=\"reading-box-additional fusion-reading-box-additional\">\nAktu\u00adal\u00adn\u0105, opa\u00adtrzo\u00adn\u0105 adno\u00adta\u00adcja\u00admi list\u0119 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w paj\u0105\u00adk\u00f3w (Arach\u00adni\u00adda: Ara\u00adnea) w Par\u00adku Naro\u00addo\u00adwym Doli\u00adny Dol\u00adnej Odry mo\u017c\u00adna zna\u00adle\u017a\u0107 w Buch\u00adholz, S., M. Faron i T. Blick (2014): Spin\u00adnen (Arach\u00adni\u00adda: Ara\u00adnea) z Dol\u00adnej Ode\u00adrty Park Naro\u00addo\u00adwy \u2013 z adno\u00adta\u00adcja\u00admi wyka\u00adzu gatun\u00adk\u00f3w, W: V\u00f6s\u00adsing, A. (red.) Rocz\u00adnik Par\u00adku Naro\u00addo\u00adwe\u00adgo Unte\u00adres Ode\u00adrtal (11), 82\u2013100, Fun\u00adda\u00adcja Park Naro\u00addo\u00adwy Unte\u00adres Ode\u00adrtal, Zamek Crie\u00adwen, Schwedt \/&nbsp;O.\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<p><strong>Sza\u00adra\u0144\u00adcza<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Sza\u00adra\u0144\u00adcza dopie\u00adro nie\u00addaw\u00adno sta\u00ad\u0142a si\u0119 popu\u00adlar\u00adny\u00admi bio\u00adin\u00addy\u00adka\u00adto\u00adra\u00admi eko\u00adsys\u00adte\u00adm\u00f3w tra\u00adwia\u00adstych. Nic wi\u0119c dziw\u00adne\u00adgo, \u017ce jak dot\u0105d nie ma pra\u00adwie \u017cad\u00adnych lokal\u00adnych prac na temat fau\u00adni\u00adsty\u00adki koni\u00adka polnego.<\/p>\n<p>Na obsza\u00adrze obj\u0119\u00adtym pro\u00adjek\u00adtem wykry\u00adto \u0142\u0105cz\u00adnie 33 gatun\u00adki sza\u00adra\u0144\u00adczy, z cze\u00adgo 29 w obsza\u00adrze rdze\u00adnia. W ramach prac do pla\u00adnu utrzy\u00adma\u00adnia i roz\u00adwo\u00adju w 1995 r. stwier\u00addzo\u00adno 25 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w sza\u00adra\u0144\u00adczy, w tym 9 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w d\u0142u\u00adgo\u00adg\u0142o\u00adwych (Ensi\u00adfe\u00adra) i 16 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w kr\u00f3t\u00adko\u00adg\u0142o\u00adwych (Caeli\u00adfe\u00adra).<\/p>\n<p>Sze\u015b\u0107 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w skla\u00adsy\u00adfi\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adno jako zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adne na nie\u00admiec\u00adkiej czer\u00adwo\u00adnej li\u015bcie, g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adnie gatun\u00adki lubi\u0105\u00adce susze. We wcze\u00ad\u015bniej\u00adszych bada\u00adniach zna\u00adle\u00adzio\u00adno jedy\u00adne dowo\u00addy na obec\u00adno\u015b\u0107 w\u0119\u017ca ste\u00adpo\u00adwe\u00adgo (<em>Pla\u00adty\u00adce\u00adlis mon\u00adta\u00adna<\/em>) kt\u00f3\u00adry jest skla\u00adsy\u00adfi\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adny jako bra\u00adku\u00adj\u0105\u00adcy na Czer\u00adwo\u00adnej Li\u015bcie Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii (RL 0). Ponad\u00adto ziden\u00adty\u00adfi\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adno pi\u0119\u0107 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w bar\u00addziej zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adnych (RL 3) lub wyso\u00adce zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adnych (RL&nbsp;2).<\/p>\n<p>Wi\u0119k\u00adszo\u015b\u0107 zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adnych gatun\u00adk\u00f3w pasi\u00adko\u00adni\u00adk\u00f3w to gatun\u00adki kse\u00adro\u00adfil\u00adne lub mezo\u00adfil\u00adne i, jako naj\u00adgro\u017a\u00adniej\u00adsze gatun\u00adki, ogra\u00adni\u00adcza\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 do muraw kse\u00adro\u00adter\u00admicz\u00adnych. Na nizi\u00adnach dolin\u00adnych du\u017ce tor\u00adfo\u00adwi\u00adska turzy\u00adco\u00adwe z lu\u017a\u00adn\u0105 ro\u015blin\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci\u0105, takie jak na polde\u00adrze Fid\u00addi\u00adchow, oraz obsza\u00adry o zr\u00f3\u017c\u00adni\u00adco\u00adwa\u00adnym wza\u00adjem\u00adnym po\u0142\u0105\u00adcze\u00adniu r\u00f3\u017c\u00adnych typ\u00f3w struk\u00adtu\u00adry i uwil\u00adgot\u00adnie\u00adnia, takie jak Crie\u00adort (polder A), maj\u0105 dogod\u00adne warun\u00adki dla osad\u00adnic\u00adtwa typo\u00adwe\u00adgo dla pasi\u00adko\u00adni\u00adk\u00f3w \u0142\u0105kowych.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6057\" style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6057\" class=\"lazyload wp-image-3217 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/feldheuschrecke-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x330.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/feldheuschrecke-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x330.jpg\" alt=\"Konik polny\" width=\"500\" height=\"330\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27330%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20500%20330%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27330%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/feldheuschrecke-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x132.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/feldheuschrecke-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-400x264.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/feldheuschrecke-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x330.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/feldheuschrecke-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-600x396.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/feldheuschrecke-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 678w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6057\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Konik polny<\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\">.reading-box-container-2 .element-bottomshadow:before,.reading-box-container-2 .element-bottomshadow:after{opacity:0.7;}<\/style><div class=\"fusion-reading-box-container reading-box-container-2\" style=\"--awb-title-color:#212934;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:20px;\"><div class=\"reading-box\" style=\"background-color:#f9f9fb;border-width:1px;border-color:rgba(226,226,226,0);border-left-width:3px;border-left-color:var(--primary_color);border-style:solid;\"><h2>Dalsza lektura<\/h2><div class=\"reading-box-additional fusion-reading-box-additional\">\nAktu\u00adal\u00adn\u0105, opa\u00adtrzo\u00adn\u0105 uwa\u00adga\u00admi list\u0119 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w fau\u00adny sza\u00adra\u0144\u00adczy Par\u00adku Naro\u00addo\u00adwe\u00adgo Dol\u00adnej Ode\u00adrty mo\u017c\u00adna zna\u00adle\u017a\u0107 w K\u00e4mpf, I. &amp; T. Fart\u00admann (2014): Fau\u00adna sza\u00adra\u0144\u00adczy Par\u00adku Naro\u00addo\u00adwe\u00adgo Dol\u00adnej Ode\u00adrty i jej zmia\u00adny w ci\u0105\u00adgu ostat\u00adnich 20 lat \u2013 Wykaz gatun\u00adk\u00f3w z adno\u00adta\u00adcja\u00admi, W: V\u00f6s\u00adsing, A. (red.) Rocz\u00adnik Par\u00adku Naro\u00addo\u00adwe\u00adgo Unte\u00adres Ode\u00adrtal (11), 101\u2013109, Fun\u00adda\u00adcja Par\u00adku Naro\u00addo\u00adwe\u00adgo Unte\u00adres Ode\u00adrtal, Zamek Crie\u00adwen, Schwedt \/&nbsp;O.\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<p><strong>Wa\u017c\u00adki<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>W sumie wykry\u00adto 48 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w wa\u017cek, z cze\u00adgo 37 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w udo\u00adku\u00admen\u00adto\u00adwa\u00adno r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c w 1995 r. w ramach bada\u0144 pro\u00adwa\u00addzo\u00adnych na potrze\u00adby pla\u00adnu opie\u00adki i roz\u00adwo\u00adju poprzez obser\u00adwa\u00adcje wyobra\u00ad\u017ce\u00adnio\u00adwe, zna\u00adle\u00adzi\u00adska wyli\u00adnek i larw. Trzy\u00adna\u00ad\u015bcie gatun\u00adk\u00f3w znaj\u00addu\u00adje si\u0119 na Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adskiej Czer\u00adwo\u00adnej Li\u015bcie, co dowo\u00addzi ogrom\u00adne\u00adgo zna\u00adcze\u00adnia bada\u00adne\u00adgo obsza\u00adru dla fau\u00adny&nbsp;wa\u017cek.<\/p>\n<p>Zna\u00adcze\u00adnie odo\u00adna\u00adto\u00adlo\u00adgicz\u00adne doli\u00adny dol\u00adnej Odry opie\u00adra si\u0119 nie tyl\u00adko na 48 spraw\u00addzo\u00adnych gatun\u00adkach wa\u017cek, ale tak\u00ad\u017ce na \u017cywot\u00adnej popu\u00adla\u00adcji repro\u00adduk\u00adcyj\u00adnej azja\u00adtyc\u00adkiej kot\u00adki kli\u00adno\u00adwej (<em>Gom\u00adphus fla\u00advi\u00adpes<\/em>), wyst\u0119\u00adpo\u00adwa\u00adnie pospo\u00adli\u00adtej dzie\u00adwi\u00adcy kli\u00adno\u00adwej (<em>Gom\u00adphus vul\u00adga\u00adtis\u00adsi\u00admus<\/em>) i zie\u00adlo\u00adna dziew\u00adczy\u00adna (<em>Aesh\u00adna viri\u00addis<\/em>). Zie\u00adlo\u00adna poko\u00adj\u00f3w\u00adka mozai\u00adki (<em>Aesh\u00adna viri\u00addis<\/em>) azja\u00adtyc\u00adkie dzie\u00adwic\u00adtwo sk\u0142a\u00adda jaja tyl\u00adko na szpo\u00adnach kra\u00adba (<em>Gom\u00adphus fla\u00advi\u00adpes<\/em>) potrze\u00adbu\u00adje piasz\u00adczy\u00adstych brze\u00adg\u00f3w Odry do roz\u00adwo\u00adju lar\u00adwal\u00adne\u00adgo. Oba gatun\u00adki s\u0105 wymie\u00adnio\u00adne jako kry\u00adtycz\u00adnie zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adne w Fede\u00adral\u00adnym Roz\u00adpo\u00adrz\u0105\u00addze\u00adniu o Ochro\u00adnie Gatunk\u00f3w.<\/p>\n<p>W trak\u00adcie ich roz\u00adwo\u00adju od jaja do ima\u00adgo wyma\u00adga\u00adnia wa\u017cek wobec ich sie\u00addlisk znacz\u00adnie si\u0119 zmie\u00adnia\u00adj\u0105. W szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci decy\u00addu\u00adj\u0105\u00adce zna\u00adcze\u00adnie ma mor\u00adfo\u00adlo\u00adgia wody, pr\u0119d\u00adko\u015b\u0107 prze\u00adp\u0142y\u00adwu, trwa\u00ad\u0142o\u015b\u0107 prze\u00adp\u0142y\u00adwu wody oraz cechy ro\u015blin\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci. Wa\u017c\u00adny\u00admi sie\u00addli\u00adska\u00admi na bada\u00adnym obsza\u00adrze s\u0105 \u017ar\u00f3\u00addla\u00adne i cz\u0119\u00ad\u015bcio\u00adwo zacie\u00adnio\u00adne stru\u00admie\u00adnie, boga\u00adte w ro\u015blin\u00adno\u015b\u0107 sta\u00adro\u00adrze\u00adcza oraz wody tym\u00adcza\u00adso\u00adwe ze zmien\u00adnym sta\u00adnem wody i piasz\u00adczy\u00adsty\u00admi brze\u00adga\u00admi&nbsp;rzek.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6051\" style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6051\" class=\"lazyload wp-image-3214 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/gebaen-prachtlibelle-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x337.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/gebaen-prachtlibelle-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x337.jpg\" alt=\"Demoiselle z paskami\" width=\"500\" height=\"337\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27337%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20500%20337%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27337%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/gebaen-prachtlibelle-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x135.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/gebaen-prachtlibelle-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-400x270.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/gebaen-prachtlibelle-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x337.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/gebaen-prachtlibelle-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-600x405.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/gebaen-prachtlibelle-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 734w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6051\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Demo\u00adisel\u00adle z paskami<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Chrz\u0105szcz mie\u00adlo\u00adny<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ponad 13 000 bie\u00adga\u00adczo\u00adwa\u00adtych zosta\u00ad\u0142o z\u0142a\u00adpa\u00adnych w 82 pu\u0142ap\u00adki gle\u00adbo\u00adwe w ramach pro\u00adgra\u00admu pas\u00f3w nabrze\u00ad\u017ca. Na tej pod\u00adsta\u00adwie w latach 1994 i 1995 w obsza\u00adrze rdze\u00adnia ziden\u00adty\u00adfi\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adno \u0142\u0105cz\u00adnie 204 gatun\u00adki chrz\u0105sz\u00adczy bie\u00adga\u00adczo\u00adwa\u00adtych. Spo\u00ad\u015br\u00f3d nich 49 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w znaj\u00addu\u00adje si\u0119 na czer\u00adwo\u00adnych listach Nie\u00admiec i Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii, w tym <em>Opho\u00adnus punc\u00adti\u00adcol\u00adlis<\/em> oraz <em>Pla\u00adty\u00adnus kry\u00adnic\u00adkei<\/em> jako zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adne wygi\u00adni\u0119\u00adciem (RL 1), 15 bar\u00addziej jako gatun\u00adki powa\u017c\u00adnie zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adne (RL 2). Dzie\u00adwi\u0119\u0107 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w jest szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adnie chro\u00adnio\u00adnych przez Fede\u00adral\u00adne Roz\u00adpo\u00adrz\u0105\u00addze\u00adnie o Ochro\u00adnie Gatunk\u00f3w.<\/p>\n<p>Naj\u00adwa\u017c\u00adniej\u00adszy\u00admi czyn\u00adni\u00adka\u00admi \u015bro\u00addo\u00adwi\u00adsko\u00adwy\u00admi dla zasie\u00addle\u00adnia przez bie\u00adga\u00adczo\u00adwa\u00adte musi by\u0107 przede wszyst\u00adkim odpo\u00adwied\u00adnia wil\u00adgot\u00adno\u015b\u0107 gle\u00adby i zdrew\u00adnia\u00ad\u0142e sta\u00adda. W obsza\u00adrze rdze\u00adnia wi\u0119k\u00adszo\u015b\u0107 chrz\u0105sz\u00adczy bie\u00adga\u00adcza wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje z jed\u00adnej stro\u00adny na suchych mura\u00adwach, z dru\u00adgiej na wil\u00adgot\u00adnych lub mokrych bio\u00adto\u00adpach na otwar\u00adtym tere\u00adnie, na przy\u00adk\u0142ad na du\u017cych turzy\u00adcach i trzcinowiskach.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6099\" style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6099\" class=\"lazyload wp-image-3239 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/moschusbock-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x337.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/moschusbock-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x337.jpg\" alt=\"Pi\u017cmo buck\" width=\"500\" height=\"337\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27337%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20500%20337%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27337%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/moschusbock-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x135.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/moschusbock-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-400x270.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/moschusbock-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x337.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/moschusbock-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 540w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6099\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pi\u017c\u00admo&nbsp;buck<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Dzi\u00adkie pszczo\u0142y<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Do tej pory na obsza\u00adrze obj\u0119\u00adtym pro\u00adjek\u00adtem ziden\u00adty\u00adfi\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adno 138 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w dzi\u00adkich psz\u00adcz\u00f3\u0142, z kt\u00f3\u00adrych 118 zosta\u00ad\u0142o odno\u00adto\u00adwa\u00adnych w ramach prac nad pla\u00adnem utrzy\u00adma\u00adnia i roz\u00adwo\u00adju. Kolej\u00adnych 20 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w dzi\u00adkich psz\u00adcz\u00f3\u0142 zna\u00adle\u00adzio\u00adno poza obsza\u00adra\u00admi pr\u00f3b\u00adny\u00admi Fl\u00fcgel i Fran\u00adke. Gatun\u00adki szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adnie god\u00adne uwa\u00adgi pod wzgl\u0119\u00addem fau\u00adny to zama\u00adsko\u00adwa\u00adne psz\u00adczo\u00ad\u0142y (<em>Hyla\u00adeus car\u00addio\u00adsca\u00adpus<\/em>) i psz\u00adczo\u00ad\u0142a bruz\u00addo\u00adwa (<em>Lasio\u00adglos\u00adsum pal\u00adlens<\/em>). Psz\u00adczo\u00ad\u0142\u0119 bruz\u00addo\u00adw\u0105 wykry\u00adto po raz pierw\u00adszy w Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii, psz\u00adczo\u00ad\u0142\u0119 masko\u00adw\u0105 nawet po raz pierw\u00adszy w Niemczech.<\/p>\n<p>Wyso\u00adki udzia\u0142 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adnych jest istot\u00adny z punk\u00adtu widze\u00adnia ochro\u00adny przy\u00adro\u00addy. 38, tj. 27,5% stwier\u00addzo\u00adnych gatun\u00adk\u00f3w jest zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adnych w Repu\u00adbli\u00adce Fede\u00adral\u00adnej Nie\u00admiec. Ponad po\u0142o\u00adwa wykry\u00adtych gatun\u00adk\u00f3w dzi\u00adkich psz\u00adcz\u00f3\u0142 jest zwi\u0105\u00adza\u00adna ze spe\u00adcjal\u00adnym sie\u00addli\u00adskiem gniaz\u00addo\u00adwa\u00adnia lub \u017cerowania.<\/p>\n<p>Roz\u00admiesz\u00adcze\u00adnie dzi\u00adkich psz\u00adcz\u00f3\u0142 zale\u00ad\u017cy od odpo\u00adwied\u00adnich miejsc gniaz\u00addo\u00adwa\u00adnia, ro\u015blin py\u0142\u00adko\u00adwych i mate\u00adria\u00ad\u0142\u00f3w do budo\u00adwy kom\u00f3\u00adrek czer\u00adwiu. W zwi\u0105z\u00adku z tym szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adne zna\u00adcze\u00adnie maj\u0105 cie\u00adp\u0142e i suche sie\u00addli\u00adska w obsza\u00adrze cen\u00adtral\u00adnym. Nale\u00ad\u017c\u0105 do nich suche traw\u00adni\u00adki, suche do\u0142y, obsza\u00adry rude\u00adral\u00adne, obsza\u00adry p\u0142u\u00adka\u00adnia i sek\u00adcje wa\u0142\u00f3w z rzad\u00adk\u0105 ro\u015blin\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci\u0105. Inny\u00admi sie\u00addli\u00adska\u00admi szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adnie wa\u017c\u00adny\u00admi dla gatun\u00adk\u00f3w wyspe\u00adcja\u00adli\u00adzo\u00adwa\u00adnych s\u0105 \u0142\u0105ki igla\u00adste i zaro\u00ad\u015bla wierz\u00adbo\u00adwe oraz \u0142\u0105ki wil\u00adgot\u00adne i podmok\u0142e.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6083\" style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6083\" class=\"lazyload wp-image-3231 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/biene-auf-krokus-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x333.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/biene-auf-krokus-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x333.jpg\" alt=\"Pszczo\u0142a na krokusach\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27333%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20500%20333%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27333%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/biene-auf-krokus-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/biene-auf-krokus-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/biene-auf-krokus-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/biene-auf-krokus-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 600w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6083\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Psz\u00adczo\u00ad\u0142a na krokusach<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Moty\u00adle<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Spo\u00ad\u015br\u00f3d 532 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w moty\u00adli i ciem wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych na obsza\u00adrze cen\u00adtral\u00adnym 120 znaj\u00addu\u00adje si\u0119 na Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adskiej Czer\u00adwo\u00adnej Li\u015bcie. Spo\u00ad\u015br\u00f3d nich sze\u015b\u0107 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w skla\u00adsy\u00adfi\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adno jako kry\u00adtycz\u00adnie zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adne (RL 1), a 29 jako kry\u00adtycz\u00adnie zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adne (RL 2). Zgod\u00adnie z fede\u00adral\u00adnym roz\u00adpo\u00adrz\u0105\u00addze\u00adniem o ochro\u00adnie gatun\u00adk\u00f3w 89 z wykry\u00adtych gatun\u00adk\u00f3w jest szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adnie chro\u00adnio\u00adnych, a dwa s\u0105 zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adne wygi\u00adni\u0119\u00adciem. Jako \u201erodzaj wsp\u00f3l\u00adne\u00adgo zain\u00adte\u00adre\u00adso\u00adwa\u00adnia\u201d jest nie\u00adbie\u00adski facet (<em>Lyca\u00adena dispar<\/em>) wymie\u00adnio\u00adne w za\u0142\u0105cz\u00adni\u00adku II do dyrek\u00adty\u00adwy sie\u00addli\u00adsko\u00adwej. Gatu\u00adnek jest przy\u00adwi\u0105\u00adza\u00adny do eks\u00adten\u00adsyw\u00adnie u\u017cyt\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adnych u\u017cyt\u00adk\u00f3w zie\u00adlo\u00adnych i zosta\u0142 wykry\u00adty poza obsza\u00adra\u00admi pr\u00f3b\u00adny\u00admi na Jung\u00adfern\u00adberg i Sil\u00adber\u00adberg (patrz Rich\u00adter 1979, 1982a, 1982b, 2017).<\/p>\n<p>Z oko\u00ad\u0142o 200 udo\u00adku\u00admen\u00adto\u00adwa\u00adny\u00admi gatun\u00adka\u00admi, Las Gel\u00adl\u00admers\u00addor\u00adfer i eko\u00adlo\u00adgicz\u00adnie boga\u00adta struk\u00adtu\u00adra Den\u00adsen Moun\u00adta\u00adins, w wi\u0119k\u00adszo\u00ad\u015bci poro\u00ad\u015bni\u0119\u00adte such\u0105 tra\u00adw\u0105, oka\u00adza\u00ad\u0142y si\u0119 szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adnie boga\u00adte w gatun\u00adki. Z dru\u00adgiej stro\u00adny polde\u00adry s\u0105 domem tyl\u00adko dla kil\u00adku gatun\u00adk\u00f3w. Jedy\u00adny\u00admi inte\u00adre\u00adsu\u00adj\u0105\u00adcy\u00admi obsza\u00adra\u00admi moty\u00adli s\u0105 tu du\u017ce tor\u00adfo\u00adwi\u00adska turzy\u00adco\u00adwe, szu\u00adwa\u00adry trzci\u00adno\u00adwe, zbio\u00adro\u00adwi\u00adska li\u015bcia\u00adste, kamie\u00adnio\u00ad\u0142o\u00admy ols i lasy li\u015bcia\u00adste. Mura\u00adwy maj\u0105 bar\u00addzo ma\u0142e zna\u00adcze\u00adnie dla fau\u00adny moty\u00adli, ponie\u00adwa\u017c nadal s\u0105 inten\u00adsyw\u00adnie u\u017cyt\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adne. Typo\u00adwe gatun\u00adki \u0142\u0119go\u00adwe zwi\u0105\u00adza\u00adne z wierz\u00adba\u00admi i topo\u00adla\u00admi s\u0105 rzad\u00adkie lub ca\u0142\u00adko\u00adwi\u00adcie nie\u00adobec\u00adne, ponie\u00adwa\u017c poczwar\u00adki zimu\u00adj\u0105\u00adce w zie\u00admi nie prze\u00adtrwa\u00adj\u0105 regu\u00adlar\u00adnych, wiel\u00adko\u00adob\u00adsza\u00adro\u00adwych powo\u00addzi na wil\u00adgot\u00adnych polde\u00adrach. Jed\u00adnak fau\u00adna bar\u00addziej lepi\u00addop\u00adte\u00adra na obsza\u00adrach muraw suchych r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c cier\u00adpi z powo\u00addu wysp i utra\u00adty gatun\u00adk\u00f3w, tak wi\u0119c moty\u00adle, kt\u00f3\u00adre s\u0105 lojal\u00adne wobec dane\u00adgo miej\u00adsca, s\u0105 szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adnie zale\u017c\u00adne od roz\u00adwo\u00adju sys\u00adte\u00admu sie\u00adci biotop\u00f3w.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6067\" style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6067\" class=\"lazyload wp-image-3222 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/kaisermantel-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x327.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/kaisermantel-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x327.jpg\" alt=\"Cesarski p\u0142aszcz\" width=\"500\" height=\"327\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27327%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20500%20327%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27327%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/kaisermantel-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x131.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/kaisermantel-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-400x261.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/kaisermantel-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x327.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/kaisermantel-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-600x392.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/kaisermantel-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 666w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6067\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cesar\u00adski p\u0142aszcz<\/p><\/div>\n<a class=\"fb-icon-element-2 fb-icon-element fontawesome-icon fa-arrow-up fas circle-no fusion-text-flow fusion-link\" style=\"--awb-iconcolor:#37731E;--awb-iconcolor-hover:#c00100;--awb-font-size:16px;--awb-margin-right:10px;\" href=\"#tab-047e970f4ea1fbc8152\" aria-label=\"Link to #tab-047e970f4ea1fbc8152\" target=\"_self\"><\/a><a href=\"#tab-047e970f4ea1fbc8152\">powr\u00f3t do&nbsp;g\u00f3ry<\/a>\n<\/div><div class=\"nav fusion-mobile-tab-nav\"><ul class=\"nav-tabs\" role=\"tablist\"><li role=\"presentation\"><a class=\"tab-link\" data-toggle=\"tab\" role=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-c7cf117c5d5d3b22717\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\" id=\"mobile-fusion-tab-ryby\" href=\"#tab-c7cf117c5d5d3b22717\"><h4 class=\"fusion-tab-heading\">Ryby<\/h4><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"tab-pane fade fusion-clearfix\" role=\"tabpanel\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-labelledby=\"fusion-tab-ryby\" id=\"tab-c7cf117c5d5d3b22717\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload alignright size-full wp-image-3309\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-fish.png\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-fish.png\" alt width=\"218\" height=\"130\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27218%27%20height%3D%27130%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20218%20130%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27218%27%20height%3D%27130%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-fish-200x119.png 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-fish.png 218w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 218px) 100vw, 218px\"><\/p><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-4 sep-underline sep-dotted fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-font-size:24px;\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;font-size:1em;\">Ryby<\/h2><\/div>\n<p>Spo\u00ad\u015br\u00f3d 45 zna\u00adle\u00adzio\u00adnych gatun\u00adk\u00f3w ryb 16 jest udo\u00adku\u00admen\u00adto\u00adwa\u00adnych tyl\u00adko przez poje\u00addyn\u00adcze zna\u00adle\u00adzi\u00adska, nie\u00adkt\u00f3\u00adre z nich kil\u00adka\u00addzie\u00adsi\u0105t lat temu. 27 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w znaj\u00addu\u00adje si\u0119 na czer\u00adwo\u00adnych listach Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii i Niemiec.<\/p>\n<p>W ostat\u00adnich latach Sek\u00adcja Dzi\u00adkich Ryb w Schwedt wie\u00adlo\u00adkrot\u00adnie prze\u00adpro\u00adwa\u00addza\u00ad\u0142a inwen\u00adta\u00adry\u00adza\u00adcje i do 1991 roku ziden\u00adty\u00adfi\u00adko\u00adwa\u00ad\u0142a 38 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w (Besch\u00adnidt 1991, 1995). Z punk\u00adtu widze\u00adnia ochro\u00adny przy\u00adro\u00addy szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adnie du\u017ce zna\u00adcze\u00adnie maj\u0105 licz\u00adne wyst\u0105\u00adpie\u00adnia zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adnych w kra\u00adju gatun\u00adk\u00f3w r\u00f3\u017cycz\u00adki (<em>Rho\u00addeus seri\u00adceus ama\u00adrus<\/em>), Loach (<em>Cobi\u00adtis taenia<\/em>), B\u0142ot\u00adny bicz (<em>Mis\u00adgur\u00adnus fos\u00adsi\u00adlis<\/em>) i Zope (<em>Abra\u00admis bale\u00adrus<\/em>) a tak\u00ad\u017ce regu\u00adlar\u00adne indy\u00adwi\u00addu\u00adal\u00adne zna\u00adle\u00adzi\u00adska tro\u00adci w\u0119drow\u00adnej (<em>Sal\u00admo Trut\u00adta<\/em>) i mino\u00adga rzecz\u00adne\u00adgo (<em>Lam\u00adpe\u00adtra flu\u00advia\u00adti\u00adlis<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p>W ramach bada\u0144 nad pla\u00adnem utrzy\u00adma\u00adnia i roz\u00adwo\u00adju z\u0142o\u00adwio\u00adno 25 000 ryb na 63 repre\u00adzen\u00adta\u00adtyw\u00adnych odcin\u00adkach pr\u00f3b\u00adnych. Zasto\u00adso\u00adwa\u00adno sze\u00adro\u00adk\u0105 gam\u0119 metod, od po\u0142o\u00adw\u00f3w elek\u00adtrycz\u00adnych, poprzez ci\u0105\u00adgni\u0119\u00adcie, zata\u00adpia\u00adnie i \u0142owie\u00adnie za pomo\u00adc\u0105 sie\u00adci, a\u017c po pu\u0142ap\u00adki i sie\u00adci r\u0119cz\u00adne. W ten spo\u00ads\u00f3b ziden\u00adty\u00adfi\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adno \u0142\u0105cz\u00adnie 28 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w ryb, w tym 18 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w z Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adskiej Czer\u00adwo\u00adnej&nbsp;Listy.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0142o\u0107 (<em>Ruti\u00adlus ruti\u00adlus<\/em>) z 15 000 zwie\u00adrz\u0105t, ponad 1000 oka\u00adz\u00f3w pocho\u00addzi\u00ad\u0142o z oko\u00adnia (<em>Per\u00adca flu\u00advia\u00adti\u00adlis<\/em>) i z lesz\u00adcza (<em>Blic\u00adca bjo\u00aderk\u00adna<\/em>) z\u0142a\u00adpa\u00adny pod\u00adczas Aland (<em>Leu\u00adci\u00adscus idus<\/em>), szczu\u00adpak (<em>Esox Lucjusz<\/em>), Rudd (<em>Scar\u00addi\u00adnius ery\u00adth\u00adro\u00adph\u00adtal\u00admus<\/em>) i ponu\u00adry (<em>Albur\u00adnus albur\u00adnus<\/em>) z ponad 500 egzem\u00adpla\u00adrza\u00admi ka\u017c\u00addy. gorycz\u00adka (<em>Rho\u00addeus seri\u00adceus ama\u00adrus<\/em>), O\u0142\u00f3w (<em>Abra\u00admis bra\u00adma<\/em>), Gud\u00adge\u00adon (<em>gobio gobio<\/em>), kry\u00adza (<em>Gym\u00adno\u00adce\u00adpha\u00adlus cer\u00adnua<\/em>), mi\u0119\u00adtus (<em>Lota lota<\/em>), Lin (<em>Tin\u00adca tin\u00adca<\/em>), Loach (<em>Cobi\u00adtis taenia<\/em>) i Zope (<em>Abra\u00admis bale\u00adrus<\/em>) mo\u017c\u00adna jesz\u00adcze udo\u00adwod\u00adni\u0107 w ponad 100 egzemplarzach.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6103\" style=\"width: 365px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6103\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3241\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/blei-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/blei-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"o\u0142\u00f3w\" width=\"355\" height=\"355\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27355%27%20height%3D%27355%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20355%20355%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27355%27%20height%3D%27355%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/blei-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-66x66.jpg 66w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/blei-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/blei-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x200.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/blei-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 355w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 355px) 100vw, 355px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6103\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">o\u0142\u00f3w<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Wyst\u0119\u00adpo\u00adwa\u00adnie i roz\u00admiesz\u00adcze\u00adnie gatun\u00adk\u00f3w ryb deter\u00admi\u00adno\u00adwa\u00adne jest ich spe\u00adcy\u00adficz\u00adnym gatun\u00adko\u00adwym powi\u0105\u00adza\u00adniem z g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adny\u00admi typa\u00admi sie\u00addlisk oraz wyma\u00adga\u00adnia\u00admi doty\u00adcz\u0105\u00adcy\u00admi tar\u00adlisk. Na bada\u00adnym obsza\u00adrze popu\u00adla\u00adcje ro\u015blin tar\u00ad\u0142o\u00adwych zamiesz\u00adku\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych wod\u0119 sto\u00adj\u0105\u00adc\u0105 s\u0105 opty\u00admal\u00adnie roz\u00adwi\u00adni\u0119\u00adte. poza w\u0119go\u00adrzem wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adj\u0105 gatun\u00adki mor\u00adskie lim\u00adnicz\u00adne (<em>Angu\u00adil\u00adla angu\u00adil\u00adla<\/em>) i pach\u00adnia\u0142 (<em>Osme\u00adrus eper\u00adla\u00adnus<\/em>), tyl\u00adko jako poje\u00addyn\u00adcze egzem\u00adpla\u00adrze. Lubi\u0105\u00adce prze\u00adp\u0142yw tar\u00adli\u00adska \u017cwi\u00adro\u00adwe nie znaj\u00addu\u00adj\u0105 w oko\u00adli\u00adcy \u017cad\u00adnych tar\u00adlisk i, z kil\u00adko\u00adma wyj\u0105t\u00adka\u00admi, wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adj\u0105 tyl\u00adko jako poje\u00addyn\u00adcze osob\u00adni\u00adki, kt\u00f3\u00adre migro\u00adwa\u00ad\u0142y. Do repro\u00adduk\u00adcji szczu\u00adpa\u00adka (<em>Esox Lucjusz<\/em>) szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adnie wa\u017c\u00adne jest wio\u00adsen\u00adne zale\u00adwa\u00adnie \u0142\u0105k tar\u0142owych.<\/p>\n<p>Istot\u00adne zna\u00adcze\u00adnie dla eko\u00adlo\u00adgii ryb maj\u0105 dwie g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adne wody Odry i Hohen\u00adsa\u00adaten-Frie\u00addrich\u00adstha\u00adler Was\u00adser\u00adstra\u00ad\u00dfe, wody przy\u00adpo\u00admi\u00adna\u00adj\u0105\u00adce jezio\u00adro i wyd\u0142u\u00ad\u017co\u00adne polde\u00adry, rowy na po\u0142u\u00addniu obsza\u00adru g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adne\u00adgo, wody przed\u00adpo\u00adla Odry i dol\u00adny bieg rze\u00adki Salvey\u00adbach. Z punk\u00adtu widze\u00adnia ochro\u00adny przy\u00adro\u00addy istot\u00adne s\u0105 dowo\u00addy na ist\u00adnie\u00adnie obec\u00adnie nadal bez\u00adpiecz\u00adnych, sil\u00adnych popu\u00adla\u00adcji r\u00f3\u017cycz\u00adki na bada\u00adnym obsza\u00adrze (<em>Rho\u00addeus seri\u00adceus ama\u00adrus<\/em>), mi\u0119\u00adtus (<em>Lota lota<\/em>), B\u0142ot\u00adny bicz (<em>Mis\u00adgur\u00adnus fos\u00adsi\u00adlis<\/em>), Loach (<em>Cobi\u00adtis taenia<\/em>) i Zope (<em>Abra\u00admis bale\u00adrus<\/em>). Gatun\u00adki te, zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adne w ca\u0142ym kra\u00adju iw Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii, ze wzgl\u0119\u00addu na wyso\u00adkie wyma\u00adga\u00adnia sta\u00adwia\u00adne sie\u00addli\u00adskom maj\u0105 szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adn\u0105 funk\u00adcj\u0119 wska\u017a\u00adni\u00adko\u00adw\u0105 dla pla\u00adnu utrzy\u00adma\u00adnia i roz\u00adwo\u00adju. Nie\u00adkt\u00f3\u00adre z nich zosta\u00ad\u0142y opi\u00adsa\u00adne poni\u00ad\u017cej w kolej\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci alfabetycznej:<\/p>\n<p><strong>W\u0119gorz<\/strong> (<em>Angu\u00adil\u00adla angu\u00adil\u00adla<\/em>): Na 27 odcin\u00adkach testo\u00adwych wykry\u00adto 64 oka\u00adzy w\u0119go\u00adrza. Jako sie\u00addli\u00adsko pre\u00adfe\u00adru\u00adje wody p\u0142y\u00adn\u0105\u00adce i sto\u00adj\u0105\u00adce po\u0142\u0105\u00adczo\u00adne z morzem. Dzia\u00ad\u0142a\u00adnia zary\u00adbia\u00adj\u0105\u00adce pro\u00adwa\u00addz\u0105 r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c do prze\u00addo\u00adsta\u00adwa\u00adnia si\u0119 do w\u00f3d izo\u00adlo\u00adwa\u00adnych. Zasie\u00addla zbior\u00adni\u00adki wod\u00adne stre\u00adfy s\u0142o\u00adna\u00adwej do wyso\u00adko\u00ad\u015bci 1000&nbsp;m. Jego spo\u00ads\u00f3b \u017cycia jest zorien\u00adto\u00adwa\u00adny na gle\u00adb\u0119. W ci\u0105\u00adgu dnia cho\u00adwa si\u0119 mi\u0119\u00addzy korze\u00adnia\u00admi, ro\u015bli\u00adna\u00admi wod\u00adny\u00admi lub dziu\u00adpla\u00admi. Wraz z nadej\u00ad\u015bciem zmierz\u00adchu sta\u00adje si\u0119 aktyw\u00adny i wyru\u00adsza w poszu\u00adki\u00adwa\u00adniu po\u017cy\u00adwie\u00adnia. W\u0119go\u00adrze s\u0105 bar\u00addzo przy\u00adsto\u00adso\u00adwa\u00adne do zanie\u00adczysz\u00adcze\u00adnia wody i \u015brod\u00adk\u00f3w hydro\u00adtech\u00adnicz\u00adnych. Aby doko\u00adna\u0107 tar\u00ad\u0142a, zwie\u00adrz\u0119\u00adta migru\u00adj\u0105 od 5000 do 7000 kilo\u00adme\u00adtr\u00f3w do zachod\u00adnie\u00adgo Atlan\u00adty\u00adku od lip\u00adca do pa\u017a\u00addzier\u00adni\u00adka. Wypusz\u00adcza\u00adj\u0105 jaja na du\u017c\u0105 g\u0142\u0119\u00adbo\u00adko\u015b\u0107. Rodzi\u00adce praw\u00addo\u00adpo\u00addob\u00adnie umie\u00adra\u00adj\u0105 p\u00f3\u017a\u00adniej. Wyd\u0142u\u00ad\u017co\u00adne lar\u00adwy o wiel\u00adko\u00ad\u015bci oko\u00ad\u0142o 6 mili\u00adme\u00adtr\u00f3w roz\u00adwi\u00adja\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 z jaj i dry\u00adfu\u00adj\u0105 z Pr\u0105\u00addem Zato\u00adko\u00adwym do Euro\u00adpy w ci\u0105\u00adgu trzech lat. W ten spo\u00ads\u00f3b zmie\u00adnia\u00adj\u0105 sw\u00f3j wygl\u0105d, roz\u00adwi\u00adja\u00adj\u0105c w ci\u0105\u00adgu mie\u00adsi\u0119\u00adcy w wierz\u00adbo\u00adwe, prze\u00adzro\u00adczy\u00adste lar\u00adwy Lep\u00adto\u00adce\u00adpha\u00adlus. Kie\u00addy dotr\u0105 do wybrze\u00ad\u017ca, zamie\u00adnia\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 w szkli\u00adste w\u0119go\u00adrze wiel\u00adko\u00ad\u015bci oko\u00ad\u0142o 65 mili\u00adme\u00adtr\u00f3w. Te wspi\u00adna\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 po rze\u00adkach jako tzw. Ste\u00adiga\u00adale nawet po wi\u0119k\u00adszych prze\u00adszko\u00addach, przez co wie\u00adle z nich ginie. W\u0119gorz jest skla\u00adsy\u00adfi\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adny jako poten\u00adcjal\u00adnie zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adny w Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii Czer\u00adwo\u00adnej Ksi\u0119\u00addze (RL 4) i jako zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adny w Fede\u00adral\u00adnej Czer\u00adwo\u00adnej Ksi\u0119\u00addze (RL 3). Cho\u00adcia\u017c ze wzgl\u0119\u00addu na struk\u00adtu\u00adr\u0119 i jako\u015b\u0107 w\u00f3d mo\u017c\u00adna spo\u00addzie\u00adwa\u0107 si\u0119 g\u0119st\u00adszej popu\u00adla\u00adcji w\u0119go\u00adrzy na bada\u00adnym obsza\u00adrze, to ze wzgl\u0119\u00addu na prze\u00adstrzen\u00adnie sze\u00adro\u00adki cykl \u017cycio\u00adwy oce\u00adna sytu\u00adacji zagro\u00ad\u017ce\u00adnia dla sto\u00adsun\u00adko\u00adwo ogra\u00adni\u00adczo\u00adne\u00adgo sie\u00addli\u00adska nie jest mo\u017cliwa.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6093\" style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6093\" class=\"lazyload size-medium wp-image-3236\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/flussaal-u-m-alscher-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x333.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/flussaal-u-m-alscher-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x333.jpg\" alt=\"w\u0119gorz rzeczny\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27333%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20500%20333%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27333%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/flussaal-u-m-alscher-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/flussaal-u-m-alscher-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/flussaal-u-m-alscher-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/flussaal-u-m-alscher-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 600w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6093\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">w\u0119gorz rzecz\u00adny<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Zie\u00admia<\/strong> (<em>Leu\u00adci\u00adscus idus<\/em>): Aland zosta\u0142 spraw\u00addzo\u00adny w 724 egzem\u00adpla\u00adrzach na 44 odcin\u00adkach testo\u00adwych. Pre\u00adfe\u00adru\u00adje \u015bred\u00adnie i du\u017ce rze\u00adki i jezio\u00adra jako sie\u00addli\u00adsko i \u017cyje towa\u00adrzy\u00adsko, cz\u0119\u00adsto w szko\u00ad\u0142ach. Bar\u00addzo sta\u00adre zwie\u00adrz\u0119\u00adta cza\u00adsa\u00admi poja\u00adwia\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 jako samot\u00adne zwie\u00adrz\u0119\u00adta. Od mar\u00adca do maja doj\u00adrza\u00ad\u0142e zwie\u00adrz\u0119\u00adta w\u0119dru\u00adj\u0105 w g\u00f3r\u0119 rze\u00adki, ka\u017c\u00adda sami\u00adca sk\u0142a\u00adda od 40 000 do 100 000 jaj. Przy\u00adkle\u00adja\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 do ro\u015blin i kamie\u00adni. Die\u00adta sk\u0142a\u00adda si\u0119 z roba\u00adk\u00f3w, ma\u0142ych sko\u00adru\u00adpia\u00adk\u00f3w i larw owa\u00add\u00f3w. Na czer\u00adwo\u00adnych listach Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii i Nie\u00admiec Alan\u00addy s\u0105 wymie\u00adnio\u00adne jako zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adne (RL 3). Sytu\u00adacja maga\u00adzy\u00adno\u00adwa na bada\u00adnym obsza\u00adrze jest korzyst\u00adna i mo\u017c\u00adna obec\u00adnie wyklu\u00adczy\u0107 jakie\u00adkol\u00adwiek ryzyko.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Gorycz\u00adka<\/strong> (<em>Rho\u00addeus seri\u00adceus ama\u00adrus<\/em>): 331 oka\u00adz\u00f3w r\u00f3\u017cycz\u00adki z\u0142o\u00adwio\u00adno na 13 odcin\u00adkach testo\u00adwych. Pre\u00adfe\u00adru\u00adje boga\u00adte w ro\u015bli\u00adny brze\u00adgi sto\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych i wol\u00adno p\u0142y\u00adn\u0105\u00adcych w\u00f3d o piasz\u00adczy\u00adstym lub muli\u00adstym dnie. Jest to towa\u00adrzy\u00adski gatu\u00adnek ma\u0142ych ryb, kt\u00f3\u00adry do roz\u00admna\u00ad\u017ca\u00adnia potrze\u00adbu\u00adje ma\u0142\u00ad\u017cy. W okre\u00adsie tar\u00ad\u0142a mi\u0119\u00addzy kwiet\u00adniem a czerw\u00adcem samiec pro\u00adwa\u00addzi sami\u00adc\u0119 do wyse\u00adlek\u00adcjo\u00adno\u00adwa\u00adne\u00adgo ma\u0142\u00ad\u017ca, kt\u00f3\u00adry jest bro\u00adnio\u00adny przed rywa\u00adli\u00adzu\u00adj\u0105\u00adcy\u00admi para\u00admi. Za pomo\u00adc\u0105 rur\u00adki, kt\u00f3\u00adr\u0105 sami\u00adca wk\u0142a\u00adda w otw\u00f3r odp\u0142y\u00adwo\u00adwy omu\u0142\u00adka, kil\u00adka jaj umiesz\u00adcza si\u0119 pomi\u0119\u00addzy blasz\u00adka\u00admi skrze\u00adlo\u00adwy\u00admi omu\u0142\u00adka pod\u00adczas powta\u00adrza\u00adj\u0105\u00adce\u00adgo si\u0119 pro\u00adce\u00adsu tar\u00ad\u0142a. Nast\u0119p\u00adnie samiec uwal\u00adnia swo\u00adje nasie\u00adnie przez otw\u00f3r wlo\u00adto\u00adwy ma\u0142\u00ad\u017ca, kt\u00f3\u00adre jest nast\u0119p\u00adnie prze\u00adp\u0142u\u00adki\u00adwa\u00adne przez stru\u00admie\u0144 wody do jaj. Sami\u00adce mog\u0105 z\u0142o\u00ad\u017cy\u0107 od 40 do 100 jaj w okre\u00adsie tar\u00ad\u0142a. Roz\u00adw\u00f3j zarod\u00adk\u00f3w odby\u00adwa si\u0119 w prze\u00adstrze\u00adni skrze\u00adlo\u00adwej ma\u0142\u00ad\u017ca. Po dw\u00f3ch do trzech tygo\u00addniach lar\u00adwy ryb wyl\u0119\u00adga\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119, a nast\u0119p\u00adnie nie\u00adco p\u00f3\u017a\u00adniej opusz\u00adcza\u00adj\u0105 ma\u0142\u00ad\u017ce jako nary\u00adbek. Lar\u00adwy o wiel\u00adko\u00ad\u015bci oko\u00ad\u0142o 10&nbsp;mm pocz\u0105t\u00adko\u00adwo \u017cywi\u0105 si\u0119 plank\u00adto\u00adnem. Gdy zwie\u00adrz\u0119\u00adta doro\u00adsn\u0105, zja\u00adda\u00adj\u0105 ma\u0142e bez\u00adkr\u0119\u00adgow\u00adce i glo\u00adny. R\u00f3\u017c\u00adni\u00adc\u0119 wykry\u00adto r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c tyl\u00adko w wodach polde\u00adro\u00adwych, zar\u00f3w\u00adno w polde\u00adrze suchym, jak i mokrym. Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adska Czer\u00adwo\u00adna Ksi\u0119\u00adga wymie\u00adnia go jako kry\u00adtycz\u00adnie zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adny (RL 1), Nie\u00admiec\u00adka Czer\u00adwo\u00adna Ksi\u0119\u00adga jako gatu\u00adnek zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adny (RL 2). Na bada\u00adnym obsza\u00adrze nie jest zagro\u017cony.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Oko\u0144<\/strong> (<em>Per\u00adca flu\u00advia\u00adti\u00adlis<\/em>): 3925 oka\u00adz\u00f3w oko\u00adnia z\u0142o\u00adwio\u00adno na 60 odcin\u00adkach testo\u00adwych. Jako sie\u00addli\u00adsko zamiesz\u00adku\u00adje sze\u00adro\u00adk\u0105 gam\u0119 w\u00f3d p\u0142y\u00adn\u0105\u00adcych i sto\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych. Wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje od w\u00f3d s\u0142o\u00adna\u00adwych do w\u00f3d g\u00f3r\u00adskich na wyso\u00adko\u00ad\u015bci 1000&nbsp;m n.p.m. Bio\u00adlo\u00adgia tego gatun\u00adku cha\u00adrak\u00adte\u00adry\u00adzu\u00adje si\u0119 du\u017c\u0105 zdol\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci\u0105 przy\u00adsto\u00adso\u00adwa\u00adnia si\u0119 do r\u00f3\u017c\u00adnych warun\u00adk\u00f3w \u015bro\u00addo\u00adwi\u00adsko\u00adwych. W m\u0142o\u00addo\u00ad\u015bci oko\u00adnie two\u00adrz\u0105 r\u00f3j, w star\u00adszym wie\u00adku poja\u00adwia\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 jako zwie\u00adrz\u0119\u00adta samot\u00adne. Pod\u00adczas polo\u00adwa\u00adnia oko\u00adnie cz\u0119\u00adsto two\u00adrz\u0105 gru\u00adpy my\u015bliw\u00adskie i p\u0119dz\u0105 inne ryby w gru\u00adpy, aby nast\u0119p\u00adnie ruszy\u0107 na zdo\u00adbycz. Tar\u00ad\u0142o trwa od mar\u00adca do kwiet\u00adnia, jaja sk\u0142a\u00adda\u00adne s\u0105 w posta\u00adci gala\u00adre\u00adto\u00adwa\u00adtych pasm o d\u0142u\u00adgo\u00ad\u015bci do 1&nbsp;m w stre\u00adfie brze\u00adgo\u00adwej na ro\u015bli\u00adnach, korze\u00adniach i kamie\u00adniach. M\u0142o\u00addy oko\u0144 zja\u00adda ma\u0142e bez\u00adkr\u0119\u00adgow\u00adce, star\u00adsze oko\u00adnie g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adnie&nbsp;ryby.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6061\" style=\"width: 388px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6061\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3219\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/flussbarsch-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/flussbarsch-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"Oko\u0144\" width=\"378\" height=\"378\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27378%27%20height%3D%27378%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20378%20378%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27378%27%20height%3D%27378%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/flussbarsch-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-66x66.jpg 66w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/flussbarsch-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/flussbarsch-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x200.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/flussbarsch-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 378w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 378px) 100vw, 378px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6061\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oko\u0144<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Szczu\u00adpak<\/strong> (<em>Esox Lucjusz<\/em>): Na 51 odcin\u00adkach testo\u00adwych zna\u00adle\u00adzio\u00adno 597 oka\u00adz\u00f3w szczu\u00adpa\u00adka. Jako sie\u00addli\u00adsko pre\u00adfe\u00adru\u00adje rze\u00adki wol\u00adno p\u0142y\u00adn\u0105\u00adce ze stre\u00adfa\u00admi w\u00f3d sto\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych, sta\u00adro\u00adrze\u00adcza i jezio\u00adra. Uwiel\u00adbia czy\u00adste, ziel\u00adne p\u0142yt\u00adkie jezio\u00adra ze \u017cwi\u00adro\u00adwym dnem. Mo\u017ce kolo\u00adni\u00adzo\u00adwa\u0107 zbior\u00adni\u00adki wod\u00adne z w\u00f3d s\u0142o\u00adna\u00adwych do wyso\u00adko\u00ad\u015bci 1500&nbsp;m n.p.m. Szczu\u00adpak jest ryb\u0105 dra\u00adpie\u017c\u00adn\u0105, kt\u00f3\u00adra jest wier\u00adna swo\u00adje\u00admu po\u0142o\u00ad\u017ce\u00adniu, two\u00adrzy swo\u00adje tery\u00adto\u00adrium i nie pozwa\u00adla na wej\u00ad\u015bcie na jego tery\u00adto\u00adrium \u017cad\u00adne\u00admu inne\u00admu gatun\u00adko\u00adwi. Jako samot\u00adnik czai si\u0119 nie\u00adru\u00adcho\u00admo w ukry\u00adciu dla zdo\u00adby\u00adczy. Ze wzgl\u0119\u00addu na swo\u00adje ubar\u00adwie\u00adnie i zacho\u00adwa\u00adnie jest tak dobrze zaka\u00admu\u00adflo\u00adwa\u00adny, \u017ce ryby i inne ofia\u00adry pod\u00adp\u0142y\u00adwa\u00adj\u0105 do nie\u00adgo, nie zauwa\u00ad\u017ca\u00adj\u0105c go. Tar\u00ad\u0142o szczu\u00adpa\u00adka odby\u00adwa si\u0119 mi\u0119\u00addzy lutym a majem w boga\u00adtych w chwa\u00adsty p\u0142yt\u00adkich wodach, zala\u00adnych \u0142\u0105kach nad\u00adrzecz\u00adnych oraz w rowach. Lep\u00adkie jaj\u00adka sk\u0142a\u00adda\u00adne s\u0105 na \u017ad\u017ab\u0142ach tra\u00adwy i ro\u015blin wod\u00adnych. W zale\u017c\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci od tem\u00adpe\u00adra\u00adtu\u00adry wody lar\u00adwy wyl\u0119\u00adga\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 po 10 do 30 dniach. Od\u017cy\u00adwia si\u0119 drob\u00adny\u00admi sko\u00adru\u00adpia\u00adka\u00admi, p\u00f3\u017a\u00adniej lar\u00adwa\u00admi owa\u00add\u00f3w i bez\u00adkr\u0119\u00adgow\u00adca\u00admi. W przy\u00adpad\u00adku wi\u0119k\u00adszych szczu\u00adpa\u00adk\u00f3w g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adnym pokar\u00admem s\u0105 ryby. Ponad\u00adto zja\u00adda si\u0119 r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c kra\u00adby, \u017caby, ptac\u00adtwo wod\u00adne i ma\u0142e ssa\u00adki. W Stro\u00admo\u00adder i na Hohen\u00adsa\u00adaten-Frie\u00addrich\u00adstha\u00adler Was\u00adser\u00adstra\u00ad\u00dfe szczu\u00adpak znaj\u00addo\u00adwa\u00adno sto\u00adsun\u00adko\u00adwo rzad\u00adko, ale cz\u0119\u00adsto spo\u00adty\u00adka\u00adno go w wodach przed\u00adodrza\u0144\u00adskie\u00adgo polde\u00adru suche\u00adgo. O ile w samym suchym polde\u00adrze wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje rzad\u00adko, to cz\u0119\u00ad\u015bciej wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje na polde\u00adrze Crie\u00adwen, jesz\u00adcze licz\u00adniej na polde\u00adrze Schwedt i naj\u00adcz\u0119\u00ad\u015bciej na polde\u00adrze Fid\u00addi\u00adchow. Wsz\u0119\u00addzie wykry\u00adwa\u00adno zar\u00f3w\u00adno nie\u00adlet\u00adnich, jak i doro\u00ads\u0142ych. Ci ostat\u00adni wole\u00adli du\u017ce zbior\u00adni\u00adki wod\u00adne przy\u00adpo\u00admi\u00adna\u00adj\u0105\u00adce jezio\u00adra, pod\u00adczas gdy m\u0142o\u00adde prze\u00adby\u00adwa\u00ad\u0142y g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adnie w sil\u00adnie zaro\u00ad\u015bni\u0119\u00adtych, wyd\u0142u\u00ad\u017co\u00adnych, przy\u00adpo\u00admi\u00adna\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych rze\u00adki rowach. Na czer\u00adwo\u00adnych listach Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii i Nie\u00admiec szczu\u00adpak jest wymie\u00adnio\u00adny jako zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adny (RL&nbsp;3).<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6097\" style=\"width: 365px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6097\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3238\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/hecht-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/hecht-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"szczupak\" width=\"355\" height=\"355\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27355%27%20height%3D%27355%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20355%20355%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27355%27%20height%3D%27355%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/hecht-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-66x66.jpg 66w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/hecht-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/hecht-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x200.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/hecht-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 355w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 355px) 100vw, 355px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6097\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">szczu\u00adpak<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>P\u0142o\u0107<\/strong> (<em>ruti\u00adlus ruti\u00adlus<\/em>): Na 60 odcin\u00adkach testo\u00adwych od\u0142o\u00adwio\u00adno \u0142\u0105cz\u00adnie 15 331 osob\u00adni\u00adk\u00f3w p\u0142o\u00adci. To spra\u00adwia, \u017ce jest to zde\u00adcy\u00addo\u00adwa\u00adnie naj\u00adcz\u0119st\u00adsza ryba w doli\u00adnie dol\u00adnej Odry. Ich sie\u00addli\u00adskiem jest sto\u00adj\u0105\u00adca i wol\u00adno p\u0142y\u00adn\u0105\u00adca woda. Mo\u017ce r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c prze\u00adni\u00adka\u0107 do wody s\u0142o\u00adna\u00adwej. Uwa\u00ad\u017ca si\u0119, \u017ce jest to ela\u00adstycz\u00adna ryba szkol\u00adna, kt\u00f3\u00adra jest sto\u00adsun\u00adko\u00adwo nie\u00adwra\u017c\u00adli\u00adwa na zanie\u00adczysz\u00adcze\u00adnie wody. Mo\u017c\u00adna go regu\u00adlar\u00adnie spo\u00adtka\u0107 na tra\u00adwia\u00adstych obsza\u00adrach brze\u00adgo\u00adwych i na otwar\u00adtej wodzie. Je\u015bli nie ma popu\u00adla\u00adcji ryb dra\u00adpie\u017c\u00adnych, ma ona ten\u00adden\u00adcj\u0119 do maso\u00adwe\u00adgo roz\u00adwo\u00adju, a nast\u0119p\u00adnie do paszy. Okres tar\u00ad\u0142a trwa od maja do kwiet\u00adnia, tar\u00ad\u0142a wol\u0105 sk\u0142a\u00adda\u0107 jaja w p\u0142yt\u00adkiej wodzie na ro\u015bli\u00adnach, korze\u00adniach i kamie\u00adniach. W zale\u017c\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci od wiel\u00adko\u00ad\u015bci sami\u00adce sk\u0142a\u00adda\u00adj\u0105 od 50 000 do 100 000 jaj. Lar\u00adwy, kt\u00f3\u00adre wyl\u0119\u00adga\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 po czte\u00adrech do dzie\u00adsi\u0119\u00adciu dniach, naj\u00adpierw zu\u017cy\u00adwa\u00adj\u0105 sw\u00f3j wore\u00adczek \u017c\u00f3\u0142t\u00adko\u00adwy, a p\u00f3\u017a\u00adniej zja\u00adda\u00adj\u0105 plank\u00adton i ma\u0142e bezkr\u0119gowce.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mi\u0119\u00adtus<\/strong> (<em>Lota lota<\/em>): Mi\u0119\u00adtus zosta\u0142 wykry\u00adty z 341 oka\u00adza\u00admi na 27 odcin\u00adkach testo\u00adwych. Zasie\u00addla oko\u00ad\u0142o po\u0142o\u00adwy wszyst\u00adkich bada\u00adnych zbior\u00adni\u00adk\u00f3w wod\u00adnych. Jako sie\u00addli\u00adsko pre\u00adfe\u00adru\u00adje jezio\u00adra i rze\u00adki, zw\u0142asz\u00adcza ch\u0142od\u00adn\u0105, czy\u00adst\u0105 i boga\u00adt\u0105 w tlen wod\u0119. Wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje z w\u00f3d s\u0142o\u00adna\u00adwych do wyso\u00adko\u00ad\u015bci 1200&nbsp;m n.p.m. Mi\u0119\u00adtus to noc\u00adna ryba den\u00adna. Tar\u00ad\u0142o odby\u00adwa si\u0119 mi\u0119\u00addzy listo\u00adpa\u00addem a mar\u00adcem po kil\u00adku bar\u00addzo wyra\u017a\u00adnych migra\u00adcjach tar\u00ad\u0142o\u00adwych. Jaja zawie\u00adra\u00adj\u0105 kul\u00adk\u0119 ole\u00adju i s\u0105 plank\u00adto\u00adnicz\u00adne. Czas roz\u00adwo\u00adju wyno\u00adsi od 45 do 75 dni, w zale\u017c\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci od tem\u00adpe\u00adra\u00adtu\u00adry wody. Mi\u0119\u00adtus jest skla\u00adsy\u00adfi\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adny jako zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adny (RL 2) na Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adskiej Czer\u00adwo\u00adnej Li\u015bcie oraz w rz\u0105\u00addzie fede\u00adral\u00adnym. Sytu\u00adacj\u0119 ryzy\u00adka w ca\u0142ym kra\u00adju cha\u00adrak\u00adte\u00adry\u00adzu\u00adj\u0105 sil\u00adne spad\u00adki gie\u0142\u00addo\u00adwe. Na wie\u00adlu obsza\u00adrach sta\u00adda s\u0105 pra\u00adwie wymar\u00ad\u0142e. Podob\u00adnie jak w przy\u00adpad\u00adku Zope, za spa\u00addek licz\u00adby lud\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci odpo\u00adwie\u00addzial\u00adne s\u0105 w szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci \u015brod\u00adki hydro\u00adtech\u00adnicz\u00adne, aw szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci zanie\u00adczysz\u00adcze\u00adnie wody. Tyl\u00adko kil\u00adka zbior\u00adni\u00adk\u00f3w wod\u00adnych wci\u0105\u017c ma nie\u00adna\u00adru\u00adszo\u00adne popu\u00adla\u00adcje. Mi\u0119\u00adtus jest na bada\u00adnym tere\u00adnie gatun\u00adkiem nie\u00adza\u00adgro\u00ad\u017co\u00adnym. Struk\u00adtu\u00adra wie\u00adko\u00adwa suge\u00adru\u00adje odpo\u00adwied\u00adnie warun\u00adki roz\u00adro\u00addu. Jako\u015b\u0107 wody r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c nie wyda\u00adje si\u0119 mie\u0107 nega\u00adtyw\u00adne\u00adgo wp\u0142y\u00adwu na ludno\u015b\u0107.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6017\" style=\"width: 483px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6017\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3196\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/quappe-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/quappe-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"mi\u0119tus\" width=\"473\" height=\"473\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27473%27%20height%3D%27473%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20473%20473%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27473%27%20height%3D%27473%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/quappe-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-66x66.jpg 66w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/quappe-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/quappe-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x200.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/quappe-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-400x400.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/quappe-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 473w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 473px) 100vw, 473px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6017\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">mi\u0119\u00adtus<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Bat b\u0142ot\u00adny<\/strong> (<em>Mis\u00adgur\u00adnus fos\u00adsi\u00adlis<\/em>): Bicz b\u0142ot\u00adny wykry\u00adto w 25 pr\u00f3b\u00adkach na 5 odcin\u00adkach testo\u00adwych. Jako sie\u00addli\u00adsko pre\u00adfe\u00adru\u00adje boga\u00adte w ro\u015bli\u00adny wody sto\u00adj\u0105\u00adce, sta\u00adwy, sta\u00adwy oraz \u0142\u0119gi, sta\u00adro\u00adrze\u00adcza i roz\u00adle\u00adwi\u00adska rzek. Mo\u017c\u00adna go r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c zna\u00adle\u017a\u0107 w wol\u00adno p\u0142y\u00adn\u0105\u00adcych rowach \u0142\u0105ko\u00adwych i poto\u00adkach. Bicz b\u0142ot\u00adny to noc\u00adna, nie\u00adru\u00adcho\u00adma ryba den\u00adna. W ci\u0105\u00adgu dnia cho\u00adwa si\u0119 przy zie\u00admi mi\u0119\u00addzy ro\u015bli\u00adna\u00admi wod\u00adny\u00admi, korze\u00adnia\u00admi lub w b\u0142o\u00adcie. Ponie\u00adwa\u017c mo\u017ce pokry\u0107 nawet dwie trze\u00adcie swo\u00adje\u00adgo zapo\u00adtrze\u00adbo\u00adwa\u00adnia na tlen za pomo\u00adc\u0105 oddy\u00adcha\u00adnia przez sk\u00f3\u00adr\u0119, jest przy\u00adsto\u00adso\u00adwa\u00adny do tych warun\u00adk\u00f3w \u017cycia. Bicz b\u0142ot\u00adny mo\u017ce uzu\u00adpe\u0142\u00adni\u0107 brak tle\u00adnu w wodzie, po\u0142y\u00adka\u00adj\u0105c powie\u00adtrze w jeli\u00adcie, kt\u00f3\u00adre jest boga\u00adte w naczy\u00adnia krwio\u00adno\u00ad\u015bne. Zu\u017cy\u00adte powie\u00adtrze jest wyda\u00adla\u00adne przez odbyt. Zwie\u00adrz\u0119\u00adta przez kil\u00adka mie\u00adsi\u0119\u00adcy prze\u00ad\u017cy\u00adwa\u00adj\u0105 suchy opad wody miesz\u00adkal\u00adnej, zako\u00adpa\u00adne na g\u0142\u0119\u00adbo\u00adko\u00ad\u015bci do 75&nbsp;cm. W okre\u00adsie tar\u00ad\u0142a mi\u0119\u00addzy kwiet\u00adniem a czerw\u00adcem na ro\u015bli\u00adnach wod\u00adnych sk\u0142a\u00adda\u00adne s\u0105 lep\u00adkie, br\u0105\u00adzo\u00adwa\u00adwe jaja (do 150 000 sztuk). Lar\u00adwy maj\u0105 skrze\u00adla zewn\u0119trz\u00adne nit\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adte. Pokarm sk\u0142a\u00adda si\u0119 z ma\u0142ych bez\u00adkr\u0119\u00adgow\u00adc\u00f3w i roz\u00adk\u0142a\u00adda\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych si\u0119 cz\u0119\u00ad\u015bci ro\u015blin oraz padli\u00adny. Schlam\u00adm\u00adpe\u00adit\u00adzger zamiesz\u00adku\u00adje r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c tyl\u00adko wody polde\u00adro\u00adwe, zw\u0142asz\u00adcza mniej\u00adsze, sil\u00adnie zaro\u00ad\u015bni\u0119\u00adte i b\u0142ot\u00adni\u00adste&nbsp;rowy.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Wil\u00adcza\u00adka<\/strong> (<em>Cobi\u00adtis taenia<\/em>): Wil\u00adczak zosta\u0142 wykry\u00adty na 29 odcin\u00adkach testo\u00adwych z 163 oka\u00adza\u00admi. Jako sie\u00addli\u00adsko pre\u00adfe\u00adru\u00adje czy\u00adste stru\u00admie\u00adnie, rze\u00adki i lini\u0119 brze\u00adgo\u00adw\u0105 piasz\u00adczy\u00adstych jezior. Jest ryb\u0105 den\u00adn\u0105 sta\u00adcjo\u00adnar\u00adn\u0105. Zwie\u00adrz\u0119\u00adta za dnia zako\u00adpu\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 do g\u0142\u00f3w, aby o zmierz\u00adchu iw nocy prze\u00adszu\u00adki\u00adwa\u0107 zie\u00admi\u0119 w poszu\u00adki\u00adwa\u00adniu po\u017cy\u00adwie\u00adnia. Za pomo\u00adc\u0105 w\u0105s\u00f3w znaj\u00addu\u00adj\u0105 po\u017cy\u00adwie\u00adnie, kt\u00f3\u00adre sk\u0142a\u00adda si\u0119 z ma\u0142ych zwie\u00adrz\u0105t, takich jak wrot\u00adki, hipo\u00adpo\u00adta\u00admy, pch\u0142y wod\u00adne i ma\u0142\u00ad\u017ce, ale tak\u00ad\u017ce z mar\u00adtwych sk\u0142ad\u00adni\u00adk\u00f3w orga\u00adnicz\u00adnych. Tar\u00ad\u0142o trwa od kwiet\u00adnia do czerw\u00adca. Kle\u00adiste jaj\u00adka s\u0105 sk\u0142a\u00adda\u00adne na kamie\u00adniach, korze\u00adniach i ro\u015bli\u00adnach wod\u00adnych. Na Hohen\u00adsa\u00adaten-Frie\u00addrich\u00adstha\u00adler Was\u00adser\u00adstra\u00ad\u00dfe wil\u00adcza\u00adka spo\u00adty\u00adka\u00adno rzad\u00adko, w Odrze spo\u00adra\u00addycz\u00adnie. G\u0142\u00f3w\u00adny punkt jego dys\u00adtry\u00adbu\u00adcji znaj\u00addu\u00adje si\u0119 w wodach polde\u00adro\u00adwych, zar\u00f3w\u00adno w polde\u00adrach suchych, jak i mokrych. Wilk wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje naj\u00adcz\u0119\u00ad\u015bciej na polde\u00adrze Schwed\u00adter, rza\u00addziej na polde\u00adrze Crie\u00adwe\u00adner i tyl\u00adko spo\u00adra\u00addycz\u00adnie na polde\u00adrze Fid\u00addi\u00adchow. Zamiesz\u00adku\u00adje tam g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adnie mniej\u00adsze, wyd\u0142u\u00ad\u017co\u00adne, p\u0142y\u00adn\u0105\u00adce, przy\u00adpo\u00admi\u00adna\u00adj\u0105\u00adce wod\u0119 rodza\u00adje wody. Na wszyst\u00adkich odcin\u00adkach testo\u00adwych na tere\u00adnie polde\u00adru wykry\u00adto zar\u00f3w\u00adno m\u0142o\u00adde, jak i doro\u00ads\u0142e zwie\u00adrz\u0119\u00adta, dzi\u0119\u00adki cze\u00admu mo\u017c\u00adna za\u0142o\u00ad\u017cy\u0107 nor\u00admal\u00adn\u0105 repro\u00adduk\u00adcj\u0119 na bada\u00adnym obsza\u00adrze. Czer\u00adwo\u00adna Lista Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii i Nie\u00admiec kla\u00adsy\u00adfi\u00adku\u00adje wil\u00adcza\u00adka jako kry\u00adtycz\u00adnie zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adny (RL 2). Ryzy\u00adko to nie doty\u00adczy obec\u00adnie bada\u00adne\u00adgo obszaru.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6069\" style=\"width: 452px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6069\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3223\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/steinbeisser-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/steinbeisser-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"Steinbeisser\" width=\"442\" height=\"333\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27442%27%20height%3D%27333%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20442%20333%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27442%27%20height%3D%27333%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/steinbeisser-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x151.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/steinbeisser-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-400x301.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/steinbeisser-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 442w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 442px) 100vw, 442px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6069\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ste\u00adin\u00adbe\u00adis\u00adser<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Pos\u0119p\u00adny<\/strong> (<em>Albur\u00adnus albur\u00adnus<\/em>): 624 osob\u00adni\u00adki uklej\u00adki z\u0142o\u00adwio\u00adno na 31 odcin\u00adkach testo\u00adwych. Ich pre\u00adfe\u00adro\u00adwa\u00adnym sie\u00addli\u00adskiem s\u0105 wody sto\u00adj\u0105\u00adce i wol\u00adno p\u0142y\u00adn\u0105\u00adce. Jest to ryba szkol\u00adna zorien\u00adto\u00adwa\u00adna na powierzch\u00adni\u0119, kt\u00f3\u00adr\u0105 mo\u017c\u00adna spo\u00adtka\u0107 regu\u00adlar\u00adnie nawet na \u015brod\u00adku wody. Podob\u00adnie jak wi\u0119k\u00adszo\u015b\u0107 innych gatun\u00adk\u00f3w, ma swo\u00adje g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adne roz\u00admiesz\u00adcze\u00adnie w pobli\u00ad\u017cu brze\u00adgu. Zja\u00adwi\u00adska maso\u00adwe s\u0105 typo\u00adwe dla ponu\u00adrych. W okre\u00adsie tar\u00ad\u0142a mi\u0119\u00addzy kwiet\u00adniem a czerw\u00adcem ryby szu\u00adka\u00adj\u0105 p\u0142yt\u00adkich brze\u00adg\u00f3w, gdzie sk\u0142a\u00adda\u00adj\u0105 oko\u00ad\u0142o 1000 do 1500 jaj na kamie\u00adniach, korze\u00adniach i ro\u015bli\u00adnach. Pokarm sk\u0142a\u00adda si\u0119 z ma\u0142ych bez\u00adkr\u0119\u00adgow\u00adc\u00f3w, zbli\u00ad\u017ca\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych si\u0119 owa\u00add\u00f3w i plank\u00adto\u00adnu. Ukle\u00adja jest wpi\u00adsa\u00adna na Czer\u00adwo\u00adn\u0105 List\u0119 Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adsk\u0105 jako gatu\u00adnek zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adny (RL 3), na pozio\u00admie fede\u00adral\u00adnym nie jest zagro\u017cona.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Zope<\/strong> (<em>Abra\u00admis bale\u00adrus<\/em>): W sumie 470 egzem\u00adpla\u00adrzy Zope zosta\u00ad\u0142o z\u0142a\u00adpa\u00adnych na dw\u00f3ch odcin\u00adkach testo\u00adwych wy\u0142\u0105cz\u00adnie za pomo\u00adc\u0105 sia\u00adtek trak\u00adcyj\u00adnych. Uzna\u00adwa\u00adny jest za gatu\u00adnek w\u00f3d otwar\u00adtych wol\u00adno p\u0142y\u00adn\u0105\u00adcych w\u00f3d nizin\u00adnych, jezior rzecz\u00adnych, a rzad\u00adko tak\u00ad\u017ce stref w\u00f3d s\u0142o\u00adna\u00adwych. W okre\u00adsie tar\u00ad\u0142a mi\u0119\u00addzy kwiet\u00adniem a majem tro\u00adpi\u00adki w\u0119dru\u00adj\u0105 w g\u00f3r\u0119 rze\u00adki, by sk\u0142a\u00adda\u0107 tar\u00ad\u0142o mi\u0119\u00addzy p\u0142yt\u00adki\u00admi, prze\u00adp\u0142y\u00adwa\u00adj\u0105\u00adcy\u00admi przez wod\u0119 ro\u015bli\u00adna\u00admi wod\u00adny\u00admi lub zala\u00adny\u00admi ro\u015bli\u00adna\u00admi l\u0105do\u00adwy\u00admi. Od 4 000 do 25 000 lep\u00adkich jaj przy\u00adle\u00adga\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych do ro\u015blin wyda\u00adwa\u00adnych jest na sami\u00adc\u0119. Pokarm w rze\u00adce sk\u0142a\u00adda si\u0119 g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adnie z plank\u00adto\u00adnu, sko\u00adru\u00adpia\u00adk\u00f3w i larw owa\u00add\u00f3w. Zim\u0105, gdy jest ma\u0142o plank\u00adto\u00adnu, zope cofa si\u0119 w g\u0142\u0119\u00adbo\u00adkie akwe\u00adny. Znaj\u00addu\u00adje si\u0119 na Czer\u00adwo\u00adnej Li\u015bcie Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii jako kry\u00adtycz\u00adnie zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adny (RL 2) i na Czer\u00adwo\u00adnej Li\u015bcie Repu\u00adbli\u00adki Fede\u00adral\u00adnej Nie\u00admiec jako zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adny (RL 3). Spa\u00addek roz\u00adwo\u00adju popu\u00adla\u00adcji mo\u017c\u00adna przy\u00adpi\u00adsa\u0107 zmniej\u00adsze\u00adniu odpo\u00adwied\u00adnich tar\u00adlisk. Obec\u00adnie wyda\u00adje si\u0119, \u017ce na bada\u00adnym obsza\u00adrze jest bezpiecznie.<\/p>\n<p>Oczy\u00adwi\u00ad\u015bcie trud\u00adno jest skla\u00adsy\u00adfi\u00adko\u00adwa\u0107 loka\u00adli\u00adza\u00adcje wod\u00adne wed\u0142ug ich przy\u00addat\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci dla fau\u00adny ryb. Roz\u00adr\u00f3\u017c\u00adnia\u00adj\u0105c Odr\u0119, dro\u00adg\u0119 wod\u00adn\u0105 Hohen\u00adsa\u00adaten-Frie\u00addrich\u00adsthal i wody polde\u00adro\u00adwe, mo\u017c\u00adna jed\u00adnak doko\u00adna\u0107 nast\u0119\u00adpu\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych uog\u00f3lnie\u0144:<\/p>\n<p>W Odrze bio\u00adr\u00f3\u017c\u00adno\u00adrod\u00adno\u015b\u0107 by\u0142a poni\u00ad\u017cej \u015bred\u00adniej na odcin\u00adkach brze\u00adgo\u00adwych umoc\u00adnio\u00adnych kamie\u00adnia\u00admi ochron\u00adny\u00admi bez trzci\u00adny i ro\u015blin\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci drze\u00adwia\u00adstej. Zwy\u00adkle domi\u00adnu\u00adje tu p\u0142o\u0107, nie wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adj\u0105 gatun\u00adki wyma\u00adga\u00adj\u0105\u00adce, takie jak wilczak.<\/p>\n<p>Na Odrze prze\u00adci\u0119t\u00adne zna\u00adcze\u00adnie maj\u0105 odcin\u00adki w\u00f3d mi\u0119\u00addzy ostro\u00adga\u00admi oraz na odcin\u00adkach z sil\u00adnie zaro\u00ad\u015bni\u0119\u00adty\u00admi \u0142\u0119ga\u00admi zbu\u00addo\u00adwa\u00adny\u00admi pier\u00adwot\u00adnie z wype\u0142\u00adnie\u0144 skal\u00adnych. Wszyst\u00adkie maj\u0105 sto\u00adsun\u00adko\u00adwo natu\u00adral\u00adne struk\u00adtu\u00adry ban\u00adko\u00adwe. Cha\u00adrak\u00adte\u00adry\u00adstycz\u00adne s\u0105 tu drze\u00adwa lub g\u0119ste trzci\u00adny, s\u0142a\u00adbiej roz\u00adwi\u00adni\u0119\u00adta jest domi\u00adna\u00adcja p\u0142o\u00adci. Ze wzgl\u0119\u00addu na cz\u0119st\u00adsze wyst\u0119\u00adpo\u00adwa\u00adnie innych gatun\u00adk\u00f3w struk\u00adtu\u00adra gatun\u00adko\u00adwa jest na og\u00f3\u0142 bar\u00addziej zr\u00f3w\u00adno\u00adwa\u00ad\u017co\u00adna. Wilk i mi\u0119\u00adtus regu\u00adlar\u00adnie poja\u00adwia\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 jako gatun\u00adki o szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adnym zna\u00adcze\u00adniu wska\u017anikowym.<\/p>\n<p>Z rybo-eko\u00adlo\u00adgicz\u00adne\u00adgo punk\u00adtu widze\u00adnia na Hohen\u00adsa\u00adaten-Frie\u00addrich\u00adstha\u00adler Was\u00adser\u00adstra\u00ad\u00dfe w w\u0105skich, przy\u00adpo\u00admi\u00adna\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych kory\u00adta odcin\u00adkach, wzmoc\u00adnio\u00adnych kamie\u00adnia\u00admi ochron\u00adny\u00admi, mo\u017c\u00adna wykry\u0107 tyl\u00adko odcin\u00adki testo\u00adwe poni\u00ad\u017cej \u015bred\u00adniej. Odcin\u00adki testo\u00adwe o zna\u00adcze\u00adniu \u015bred\u00adnim znaj\u00addu\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 w obsza\u00adrach, w kt\u00f3\u00adrych dro\u00adga wod\u00adna Hohen\u00adsa\u00adaten-Frie\u00addrich\u00adsthal prze\u00adbie\u00adga przez sta\u00adre odno\u00adgi Odry i dla\u00adte\u00adgo prze\u00adwa\u00ad\u017ca\u00adj\u0105 natu\u00adral\u00adne pro\u00adfi\u00adle i ukszta\u0142\u00adto\u00adwa\u00adnie brze\u00adg\u00f3w. Przy r\u00f3\u017c\u00adnych typach i roz\u00admia\u00adrach w\u00f3d polde\u00adro\u00adwych, sil\u00adnie zamu\u00adlo\u00adne i p\u0142yt\u00adkie obsza\u00adry jezior o niskim zag\u0119sz\u00adcze\u00adniu ro\u015blin\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci wod\u00adnej mo\u017c\u00adna okre\u00ad\u015bli\u0107 jako poni\u00ad\u017cej \u015bred\u00adniej. Domi\u00adnu\u00adje tu p\u0142o\u0107 i oko\u0144, nie ma nato\u00admiast bar\u00addziej wyma\u00adga\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych gatun\u00adk\u00f3w, takich jak r\u00f3\u017cycz\u00adka czy wil\u00adczak. \u015ared\u00adnio zna\u00adcz\u0105\u00adce powierzch\u00adnie znaj\u00addu\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adnie na wi\u0119k\u00adszych jezio\u00adrach, kt\u00f3\u00adre maj\u0105 wi\u0119k\u00adsze g\u0142\u0119\u00adbo\u00adko\u00ad\u015bci w stre\u00adfach p\u0142yt\u00adkich w\u00f3d. Stre\u00adfy p\u0142yt\u00adkiej wody s\u0105 w wi\u0119k\u00adszo\u00ad\u015bci zbu\u00addo\u00adwa\u00adne z ro\u015blin wod\u00adnych, brze\u00adgi cz\u0119\u00adsto wyko\u00adrzy\u00adsty\u00adwa\u00adne s\u0105 jako pastwi\u00adska a\u017c do samej wody. Ponad\u00adprze\u00adci\u0119t\u00adne zna\u00adcze\u00adnie maj\u0105 jezio\u00adra o typo\u00adwym dla ro\u015blin\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci stre\u00adfo\u00adwej i przy\u00adnaj\u00admniej cz\u0119\u00ad\u015bcio\u00adwo zadrze\u00adwio\u00adnych brze\u00adgach. Stre\u00adfy p\u0142y\u00adcizn i obsza\u00adry g\u0142\u0119\u00adbo\u00adko\u00ad\u015bci s\u0105 w zr\u00f3w\u00adno\u00adwa\u00ad\u017co\u00adnej rela\u00adcji. Cha\u00adrak\u00adte\u00adry\u00adstycz\u00adne dla bada\u00adnych odcin\u00adk\u00f3w jest wyst\u0119\u00adpo\u00adwa\u00adnie wil\u00adcza\u00adka i r\u00f3\u017cycz\u00adki oraz gatun\u00adk\u00f3w wzdr\u0119g i lin w wodach stoj\u0105cych.<\/p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\">.reading-box-container-3 .element-bottomshadow:before,.reading-box-container-3 .element-bottomshadow:after{opacity:0.7;}<\/style><div class=\"fusion-reading-box-container reading-box-container-3\" style=\"--awb-title-color:#212934;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:20px;\"><div class=\"reading-box\" style=\"background-color:#f9f9fb;border-width:1px;border-color:rgba(226,226,226,0);border-left-width:3px;border-left-color:var(--primary_color);border-style:solid;\"><h2>Dalsza lektura<\/h2><div class=\"reading-box-additional fusion-reading-box-additional\">\nAktu\u00adal\u00adny wykaz gatun\u00adk\u00f3w z adno\u00adta\u00adcja\u00admi mo\u017c\u00adna zna\u00adle\u017a\u0107 w Wol\u00adter C. &amp; C. Scho\u00adma\u00adker (2010): Inwen\u00adta\u00adry\u00adza\u00adcja gatun\u00adko\u00adwa i roz\u00adw\u00f3j sta\u00adda fau\u00adny ryb w Par\u00adku Naro\u00addo\u00adwym Unte\u00adres Ode\u00adrtal, w: V\u00f6s\u00adsing, A. (red.) Natio\u00adnal Park Year\u00adbo\u00adok Unte\u00adres Ode\u00adrtal (7), 131\u2013142 , Fun\u00adda\u00adcja Par\u00adku Naro\u00addo\u00adwe\u00adgo Doli\u00adny Dol\u00adnej Odry, Zamek Crie\u00adwen, Schwedt \/&nbsp;O.\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<a class=\"fb-icon-element-3 fb-icon-element fontawesome-icon fa-arrow-up fas circle-no fusion-text-flow fusion-link\" style=\"--awb-iconcolor:#37731E;--awb-iconcolor-hover:#c00100;--awb-font-size:16px;--awb-margin-right:10px;\" href=\"#tab-c7cf117c5d5d3b22717\" aria-label=\"Link to #tab-c7cf117c5d5d3b22717\" target=\"_self\"><\/a><a href=\"#tab-c7cf117c5d5d3b22717\">powr\u00f3t do&nbsp;g\u00f3ry<\/a>\n<\/div><div class=\"nav fusion-mobile-tab-nav\"><ul class=\"nav-tabs\" role=\"tablist\"><li role=\"presentation\"><a class=\"tab-link\" data-toggle=\"tab\" role=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-db65f264c87dfeeeff8\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\" id=\"mobile-fusion-tab-p\u0142azy\" href=\"#tab-db65f264c87dfeeeff8\"><h4 class=\"fusion-tab-heading\">P\u0142azy<\/h4><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"tab-pane fade fusion-clearfix\" role=\"tabpanel\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-labelledby=\"fusion-tab-p\u0142azy\" id=\"tab-db65f264c87dfeeeff8\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload alignright size-full wp-image-3310\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-frog.png\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-frog.png\" alt width=\"218\" height=\"159\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27218%27%20height%3D%27159%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20218%20159%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27218%27%20height%3D%27159%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-frog-200x146.png 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-frog.png 218w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 218px) 100vw, 218px\"><\/p><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-5 sep-underline sep-dotted fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-font-size:24px;\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;font-size:1em;\">P\u0142azy<\/h2><\/div>\n<p>Cho\u00adcia\u017c do po\u0142o\u00adwy lat 90. w samej Ode\u00adro\u00adwie nie prze\u00adpro\u00adwa\u00addzo\u00adno \u017cad\u00adnych szcze\u00adg\u00f3\u00ad\u0142o\u00adwych bada\u0144 fau\u00adny p\u0142a\u00adz\u00f3w, nauczy\u00adciel bio\u00adlo\u00adgii w Schwedt, J\u00f6rg Wil\u00adke, zacz\u0105\u0142 regu\u00adlar\u00adnie wraz ze swo\u00adimi ucznia\u00admi spo\u00adrz\u0105\u00addza\u0107 mapy ma\u0142ych zbior\u00adni\u00adk\u00f3w wod\u00adnych (Feld\u00ads\u00f6l\u00adle) w pag\u00f3r\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adtym regio\u00adnie na wsch\u00f3d od Bawa\u00adrii ju\u017c w po\u0142o\u00adwie lat 80. XX&nbsp;wieku.<\/p>\n<p>Pod\u00adczas bada\u0144 nad pla\u00adnem utrzy\u00adma\u00adnia i roz\u00adwo\u00adju ziden\u00adty\u00adfi\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adno \u0142\u0105cz\u00adnie dzie\u00adsi\u0119\u0107 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w p\u0142a\u00adz\u00f3w, prze\u00ads\u0142u\u00adchu\u00adj\u0105c g\u0142o\u00adsy i szu\u00adka\u00adj\u0105c odpo\u00adwied\u00adnich zbior\u00adni\u00adk\u00f3w wod\u00adnych \u2013 ka\u017c\u00addy obszar testo\u00adwy by\u0142 odwie\u00addza\u00adny wio\u00adsn\u0105 sie\u00addem do dzie\u00adwi\u0119\u00adciu razy, w tym dwa w nocy. jede\u00adna\u00ad\u015bcie gatun\u00adk\u00f3w wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje obec\u00adnie na tere\u00adnie par\u00adku naro\u00addo\u00adwe\u00adgo (HAFERLAND 2012). Wszyst\u00adkie s\u0105 obj\u0119\u00adte ochro\u00adn\u0105 Fede\u00adral\u00adne\u00adgo Roz\u00adpo\u00adrz\u0105\u00addze\u00adnia o Ochro\u00adnie Gatun\u00adk\u00f3w. Dzie\u00adwi\u0119\u0107 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w znaj\u00addu\u00adje si\u0119 na czer\u00adwo\u00adnych listach Nie\u00admiec i Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii, pi\u0119\u0107 w dyrek\u00adty\u00adwie sie\u00addli\u00adsko\u00adwej. Gatun\u00adki p\u0142a\u00adz\u00f3w nazy\u00adwa\u00adne s\u0105 w male\u00adj\u0105\u00adcej cz\u0119\u00adsto\u00adtli\u00adwo\u00ad\u015bci: \u017caba sta\u00adwo\u00adwa ( <em>Rana kl. escu\u00adlen\u00adta <\/em>), \u017caba mor\u00adska (<em>Rana ridi\u00adbun\u00adda<\/em>), ropu\u00adcha sza\u00adra (<em>Bufo bufo<\/em>), \u017caba mocza\u00adro\u00adwa (<em>Rana arva\u00adlis<\/em>), \u017caba traw\u00adna (<em>Rana tem\u00adpo\u00adra\u00adria<\/em>), ropu\u00adcha czosn\u00adko\u00adwa (<em>Pelo\u00adba\u00adtes fucus<\/em>), kumak nizin\u00adny (<em>Bom\u00adbi\u00adna bom\u00adbi\u00adna<\/em>), Trasz\u00adka sta\u00adwo\u00adwa (<em>Tri\u00adtu\u00adrus vul\u00adga\u00adris<\/em>) i rze\u00adkot\u00adka drzew\u00adna (<em>Hyla arbo\u00adrea<\/em>). Zie\u00adlo\u00adna ropu\u00adcha (<em>Bufo viri\u00addis<\/em>) stwier\u00addzo\u00adno w\u00f3w\u00adczas jedy\u00adnie poza obsza\u00adra\u00admi pr\u00f3b\u00adny\u00admi, obec\u00adnie gatu\u00adnek ten wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje spo\u00adra\u00addycz\u00adnie w po\u0142u\u00addnio\u00adwej cz\u0119\u00ad\u015bci par\u00adku naro\u00addo\u00adwe\u00adgo (HAFERLAND 2012). Na obsza\u00adrze obj\u0119\u00adtym pro\u00adjek\u00adtem wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje po\u0142o\u00adwa gatun\u00adk\u00f3w p\u0142a\u00adz\u00f3w wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych w Repu\u00adbli\u00adce Fede\u00adral\u00adnej Nie\u00admiec, 14 z nich \u017cyje w Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii. Trasz\u00adka grze\u00adbie\u00adnia\u00adsta (<em>Tri\u00adtu\u00adrus cri\u00adsta\u00adtus<\/em>) i ma\u0142a \u017caba wod\u00adna (<em>Lek\u00adcje Rany<\/em>), kt\u00f3\u00adre Wil\u00adke (1995) by\u0142 w sta\u00adnie wykry\u0107 w rejo\u00adnie Schwedt \/ Anger\u00adm\u00fcn\u00adde, nie zna\u00adle\u00adzio\u00adno w obsza\u00adrze rdzenia.<\/p>\n<p>Dwie zie\u00adlo\u00adne \u017caby zosta\u00ad\u0142y zna\u00adle\u00adzio\u00adne na wszyst\u00adkich obsza\u00adrach bada\u0144, a ropu\u00adcha sza\u00adra r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c by\u0142a do\u015b\u0107 roz\u00adpo\u00adwszech\u00adnio\u00adna. Kumak nizin\u00adny, rze\u00adkot\u00adka drzew\u00adna, ropu\u00adcha czosn\u00adko\u00adwa i \u017caba mocza\u00adro\u00adwa omi\u00adja\u00adj\u0105 nisko po\u0142o\u00ad\u017co\u00adne cz\u0119\u00ad\u015bci mokrych polde\u00adr\u00f3w. Swo\u00adje roz\u00admiesz\u00adcze\u00adnie sku\u00adpia\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 na obsza\u00adrze polde\u00adru Lunow-Stol\u00adper (polder suchy), ale coraz cz\u0119\u00ad\u015bciej kolo\u00adni\u00adzu\u00adj\u0105 polde\u00adry zale\u00adwo\u00adwe i roz\u00adsze\u00adrza\u00adj\u0105 sw\u00f3j obszar wyst\u0119\u00adpo\u00adwa\u00adnia, podob\u00adnie jak rze\u00adkot\u00adka drzew\u00adna, na p\u00f3\u0142\u00adnoc. Ropu\u00adchy sza\u00adre i \u017caby traw\u00adne wol\u0105 osie\u00addla\u0107 si\u0119 na \u0142\u0105kach i wil\u00adgot\u00adnych lasach u pod\u00adn\u00f3\u00ad\u017ca zbo\u00adczy doli\u00adny na p\u00f3\u0142\u00adnoc i po\u0142u\u00addnie od Stolpe.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6053\" style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6053\" class=\"lazyload size-medium wp-image-3215\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/laubfrosch-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x338.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/laubfrosch-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x338.jpg\" alt=\"\u017baba nadrzewna\" width=\"500\" height=\"338\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27338%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20500%20338%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27338%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/laubfrosch-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x135.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/laubfrosch-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-400x270.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/laubfrosch-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x338.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/laubfrosch-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-600x406.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/laubfrosch-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-768x519.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/laubfrosch-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-800x541.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/laubfrosch-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 843w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6053\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u017baba nadrzew\u00adna<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Typo\u00adwy, boga\u00adty gatun\u00adko\u00adwo zbior\u00adnik wod\u00adny p\u0142a\u00adz\u00f3w cha\u00adrak\u00adte\u00adry\u00adzu\u00adje si\u0119 czy\u00adst\u0105 wod\u0105, wyra\u017a\u00adny\u00admi stre\u00adfa\u00admi p\u0142yt\u00adkiej wody z ro\u015blin\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci\u0105 zanu\u00adrzo\u00adn\u0105 i boga\u00adtym w struk\u00adtu\u00adr\u0119 \u015bro\u00addo\u00adwi\u00adskiem. P\u0142a\u00adzy zimu\u00adj\u0105 w miej\u00adscach mro\u00adzo\u00adochron\u00adnych, wi\u0119k\u00adszo\u015b\u0107 z nich ryje na l\u0105dzie w szcze\u00adli\u00adnach i zag\u0142\u0119\u00adbie\u00adniach. Zwie\u00adrz\u0119\u00adta zim\u00adno\u00adkrwi\u00adste prze\u00ad\u017cy\u00adwa\u00adj\u0105 zim\u0119, popa\u00adda\u00adj\u0105c w zim\u00adn\u0105 sztywno\u015b\u0107.<\/p>\n<p>W tym okre\u00adsie wszyst\u00adkie gatun\u00adki tole\u00adru\u00adj\u0105 kr\u00f3t\u00adko\u00adtrwa\u00ad\u0142e powo\u00addzie i wzrost pozio\u00admu w\u00f3d grun\u00adto\u00adwych. D\u0142u\u00adgo\u00adtrwa\u00ad\u0142e powo\u00addzie topi\u0105 wie\u00adle p\u0142a\u00adz\u00f3w, kt\u00f3\u00adre zwy\u00adkle hiber\u00adnu\u00adj\u0105 na tere\u00adnach wiej\u00adskich. Ina\u00adczej jest z \u017cab\u0105 mor\u00adsk\u0105 i \u017cab\u0105 sta\u00adwo\u00adw\u0105, kt\u00f3\u00adra zimu\u00adje w wodzie. Ich popu\u00adla\u00adcje nie zosta\u00ad\u0142y trwa\u00adle dotkni\u0119\u00adte zimo\u00adwy\u00admi powodziami.<\/p>\n<p>Ze wzgl\u0119\u00addu na boga\u00adt\u0105 gatun\u00adko\u00adwo popu\u00adla\u00adcj\u0119 p\u0142a\u00adz\u00f3w, polder Lunow-Stol\u00adper, przed\u00adg\u00f3\u00adrze Odry wzd\u0142u\u017c tego polde\u00adru oraz obszar Crie\u00adort s\u0105 szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adnie istot\u00adne. Bada\u00adnia poka\u00adzu\u00adj\u0105, jak wa\u017c\u00adny jest suchy polder, zw\u0142asz\u00adcza dla p\u0142a\u00adz\u00f3w.<style type=\"text\/css\">.reading-box-container-4 .element-bottomshadow:before,.reading-box-container-4 .element-bottomshadow:after{opacity:0.7;}<\/style><\/p><div class=\"fusion-reading-box-container reading-box-container-4\" style=\"--awb-title-color:#212934;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:20px;\"><div class=\"reading-box\" style=\"background-color:#f9f9fb;border-width:1px;border-color:rgba(226,226,226,0);border-left-width:3px;border-left-color:var(--primary_color);border-style:solid;\"><h2>Dalsza lektura<\/h2><div class=\"reading-box-additional fusion-reading-box-additional\">\nAktu\u00adal\u00adn\u0105 list\u0119 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w z adno\u00adta\u00adcja\u00admi mo\u017c\u00adna zna\u00adle\u017a\u0107 w Hafer\u00adland, H.-J. (2012): Lista gatun\u00adko\u00adwa p\u0142a\u00adz\u00f3w i gad\u00f3w Par\u00adku Naro\u00addo\u00adwe\u00adgo Dol\u00adna Ode\u00adrtal, W: V\u00f6s\u00adsing, A. (red.) Rocz\u00adnik Par\u00adku Naro\u00addo\u00adwe\u00adgo Dol\u00adna Ode\u00adrtal (9), 146\u2013153, Fun\u00adda\u00adcja Par\u00adku Naro\u00addo\u00adwe\u00adgo Unte\u00adres Ode\u00adrtal, Zamek Crie\u00adwen, Schwedt \/&nbsp;O.\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<a class=\"fb-icon-element-4 fb-icon-element fontawesome-icon fa-arrow-up fas circle-no fusion-text-flow fusion-link\" style=\"--awb-iconcolor:#37731E;--awb-iconcolor-hover:#c00100;--awb-font-size:16px;--awb-margin-right:10px;\" href=\"#tab-db65f264c87dfeeeff8\" aria-label=\"Link to #tab-db65f264c87dfeeeff8\" target=\"_self\"><\/a><a href=\"#tab-db65f264c87dfeeeff8\">powr\u00f3t do&nbsp;g\u00f3ry<\/a>\n<\/div><div class=\"nav fusion-mobile-tab-nav\"><ul class=\"nav-tabs\" role=\"tablist\"><li role=\"presentation\"><a class=\"tab-link\" data-toggle=\"tab\" role=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-43fc516a080798c8723\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\" id=\"mobile-fusion-tab-gady\" href=\"#tab-43fc516a080798c8723\"><h4 class=\"fusion-tab-heading\">Gady<\/h4><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"tab-pane fade fusion-clearfix\" role=\"tabpanel\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-labelledby=\"fusion-tab-gady\" id=\"tab-43fc516a080798c8723\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload alignright size-full wp-image-3303\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-snake.png\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-snake.png\" alt width=\"218\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27218%27%20height%3D%27150%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20218%20150%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27218%27%20height%3D%27150%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-snake-200x138.png 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-snake.png 218w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 218px) 100vw, 218px\"><\/p><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-6 sep-underline sep-dotted fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-font-size:24px;\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;font-size:1em;\">Gady<\/h2><\/div>\n<p>R\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c w przy\u00adpad\u00adku gad\u00f3w do pocz\u0105t\u00adku lat 90. nie pro\u00adwa\u00addzo\u00adno sys\u00adte\u00adma\u00adtycz\u00adnych bada\u0144 w doli\u00adnie dol\u00adnej Odry, a jedy\u00adnie wyryw\u00adko\u00adwe obser\u00adwa\u00adcje pro\u00adwa\u00addzo\u00adne przez wolon\u00adta\u00adriu\u00adszy zaj\u00admu\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych si\u0119 ochro\u00adn\u0105 przy\u00adro\u00addy i stra\u017c przy\u00adrod\u00adni\u00adcz\u0105. W ramach bada\u0144 nad pla\u00adnem opie\u00adki i roz\u00adwo\u00adju mo\u017c\u00adna by\u0142o ziden\u00adty\u00adfi\u00adko\u00adwa\u0107 w sumie czte\u00adry rodza\u00adje gad\u00f3w poprzez ukie\u00adrun\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adne poszu\u00adki\u00adwa\u00adnia ist\u00adnie\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych kry\u00adj\u00f3\u00adwek i budo\u00adw\u0119 sztucz\u00adnych kry\u00adj\u00f3\u00adwek: Jasz\u00adczur\u00adka zwin\u00adka (<em>Lacer\u00adta agi\u00adlis<\/em>). Jasz\u00adczur\u00adka le\u015bna (<em>Lacer\u00adta vivi\u00adpa\u00adra<\/em>) mo\u017c\u00adna by\u0142o zna\u00adle\u017a\u0107 tyl\u00adko na dw\u00f3ch obsza\u00adrach na skra\u00adju pod\u00admo\u00adk\u0142ych \u0142\u0105k, padal\u00adca (<em>Angu\u00adis fra\u00adgi\u00adlis<\/em> (<em>Natrix natrix<\/em>) wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje pra\u00adwie wsz\u0119\u00addzie na tere\u00adnie polderu.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6079\" style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6079\" class=\"lazyload size-medium wp-image-3229\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/eidechse-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x333.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/eidechse-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x333.jpg\" alt=\"jaszczurka\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27333%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20500%20333%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27333%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/eidechse-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/eidechse-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-400x266.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/eidechse-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/eidechse-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-600x399.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/eidechse-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 640w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6079\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">jasz\u00adczur\u00adka<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Ist\u00adnie\u00adj\u0105 r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c wcze\u00ad\u015bniej\u00adsze \u015bla\u00addy gnie\u00adwo\u00adsza pla\u00admi\u00adste\u00adgo z doli\u00adny dol\u00adnej Odry (<em>Coro\u00adnel\u00adla austria\u00adca<\/em>) (1989), trzy oka\u00adzy \u017c\u00f3\u0142\u00adwia b\u0142ot\u00adne\u00adgo (<em>Emys orbi\u00adcu\u00adla\u00adris<\/em>) zosta\u00ad\u0142y odkry\u00adte na polde\u00adrze Crie\u00adwe\u00adner, czy\u00adli od 1989 r. \u0142\u0105cz\u00adnie sze\u015b\u0107 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w gad\u00f3w zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adnych zgod\u00adnie z Czer\u00adwo\u00adn\u0105 List\u0105 Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii i chro\u00adnio\u00adnych przez Fede\u00adral\u00adne Zarz\u0105\u00addze\u00adnie o Ochro\u00adnie Gatunk\u00f3w.<\/p>\n<p>Du\u017c\u0105 popu\u00adla\u00adcj\u0119 jasz\u00adczu\u00adrek zwin\u00adka i zaskro\u0144\u00adca mo\u017c\u00adna zali\u00adczy\u0107 do pa\u0144stw o zna\u00adcze\u00adniu kra\u00adjo\u00adwym. W prze\u00adciw\u00adnym razie szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adnie mokre polde\u00adry nie s\u0105 odpo\u00adwied\u00adnim sie\u00addli\u00adskiem dla gad\u00f3w, nie tyl\u00adko ze wzgl\u0119\u00addu na regu\u00adlar\u00adne powo\u00addzie, z kt\u00f3\u00adry\u00admi mo\u017ce sobie pora\u00addzi\u0107 tyl\u00adko p\u0142y\u00adwa\u00adj\u0105\u00adcy zaskro\u00adniec. Ale potrze\u00adbu\u00adje r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c odpor\u00adnych na powo\u00addzie kwa\u00adter zimowych.<\/p>\n<p>Z punk\u00adtu widze\u00adnia ochro\u00adny gad\u00f3w, suche mura\u00adwy i obsza\u00adry z pia\u00adskiem p\u0142u\u00adka\u00adnym w pobli\u00ad\u017cu wody s\u0105 wa\u017c\u00adny\u00admi miej\u00adsca\u00admi sk\u0142a\u00adda\u00adnia jaj przez \u017c\u00f3\u0142\u00adwia b\u0142ot\u00adne\u00adgo, pod\u00adczas gdy obrze\u00ad\u017ca doli\u00adny z ods\u0142o\u00adni\u0119\u00adty\u00admi mura\u00adwa\u00admi suchy\u00admi i suchy\u00admi lasa\u00admi s\u0105 wa\u017c\u00adny\u00admi sie\u00addli\u00adska\u00admi dla jasz\u00adczur\u00adka zwinka.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6023\" style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6023\" class=\"lazyload size-medium wp-image-3199\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ringelnatter-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x336.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ringelnatter-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x336.jpg\" alt=\"w\u0105\u017c trawiasty\" width=\"500\" height=\"336\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27336%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20500%20336%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27336%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ringelnatter-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x135.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ringelnatter-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-400x269.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ringelnatter-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x336.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ringelnatter-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-600x404.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ringelnatter-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-768x517.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ringelnatter-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-800x538.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ringelnatter-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 819w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6023\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">w\u0105\u017c tra\u00adwia\u00adsty<\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\">.reading-box-container-5 .element-bottomshadow:before,.reading-box-container-5 .element-bottomshadow:after{opacity:0.7;}<\/style><div class=\"fusion-reading-box-container reading-box-container-5\" style=\"--awb-title-color:#212934;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:20px;\"><div class=\"reading-box\" style=\"background-color:#f9f9fb;border-width:1px;border-color:rgba(226,226,226,0);border-left-width:3px;border-left-color:var(--primary_color);border-style:solid;\"><h2>Dalsza lektura<\/h2><div class=\"reading-box-additional fusion-reading-box-additional\">\nAktu\u00adal\u00adn\u0105 list\u0119 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w z adno\u00adta\u00adcja\u00admi mo\u017c\u00adna zna\u00adle\u017a\u0107 w Hafer\u00adland, H.-J. (2012): Lista gatun\u00adko\u00adwa p\u0142a\u00adz\u00f3w i gad\u00f3w Par\u00adku Naro\u00addo\u00adwe\u00adgo Dol\u00adna Ode\u00adrtal, W: V\u00f6s\u00adsing, A. (red.) Rocz\u00adnik Par\u00adku Naro\u00addo\u00adwe\u00adgo Dol\u00adna Ode\u00adrtal (9), 146\u2013153, Fun\u00adda\u00adcja Par\u00adku Naro\u00addo\u00adwe\u00adgo Unte\u00adres Ode\u00adrtal, Zamek Crie\u00adwen, Schwedt \/&nbsp;O.\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><a class=\"fb-icon-element-5 fb-icon-element fontawesome-icon fa-arrow-up fas circle-no fusion-text-flow fusion-link\" style=\"--awb-iconcolor:#37731E;--awb-iconcolor-hover:#c00100;--awb-font-size:16px;--awb-margin-right:10px;\" href=\"#tab-43fc516a080798c8723\" aria-label=\"Link to #tab-43fc516a080798c8723\" target=\"_self\"><\/a><a href=\"#tab-43fc516a080798c8723\">powr\u00f3t do&nbsp;g\u00f3ry<\/a>\n<\/div><div class=\"nav fusion-mobile-tab-nav\"><ul class=\"nav-tabs\" role=\"tablist\"><li role=\"presentation\"><a class=\"tab-link\" data-toggle=\"tab\" role=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-b21c54c927059cd9f8c\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\" id=\"mobile-fusion-tab-ptaki\" href=\"#tab-b21c54c927059cd9f8c\"><h4 class=\"fusion-tab-heading\">Ptaki<\/h4><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"tab-pane fade fusion-clearfix\" role=\"tabpanel\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-labelledby=\"fusion-tab-ptaki\" id=\"tab-b21c54c927059cd9f8c\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload alignright size-full wp-image-3305\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-bird.png\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-bird.png\" alt width=\"218\" height=\"218\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27218%27%20height%3D%27218%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20218%20218%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27218%27%20height%3D%27218%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-bird-66x66.png 66w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-bird-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-bird-200x200.png 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-bird.png 218w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 218px) 100vw, 218px\"><\/p><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-7 sep-underline sep-dotted fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-font-size:24px;\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;font-size:1em;\">Ptaki<\/h2><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>Pta\u00adki wed\u0142ug siedlisk:&nbsp;<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#feuchtwiesen\">Pod\u00admo\u00adk\u0142e&nbsp;\u0142\u0105ki<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#gewaesser\">Fale<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#roehricht\">Instru\u00admen\u00adty stroikowe<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#gehoelze\">Las<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#wald\">Li\u015bcia\u00adste i mie\u00adsza\u00adne lasy li\u015bciaste<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#trockenrasen\">Sucha tra\u00adwa<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#wasservogelzaehlung\">Spis pta\u00adk\u00f3w wodnych<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>W ramach przy\u00adgo\u00adto\u00adwa\u00adnia pla\u00adnu utrzy\u00adma\u00adnia i roz\u00adwo\u00adju powsta\u00ad\u0142a kom\u00adplek\u00adso\u00adwa mapa gatun\u00adk\u00f3w klu\u00adczo\u00adwych dla pta\u00adk\u00f3w l\u0119go\u00adwych. Na tej li\u015bcie wszyst\u00adkich pta\u00adk\u00f3w l\u0119go\u00adwych zaob\u00adser\u00adwo\u00adwa\u00adnych na tym tere\u00adnie od 1961 r. zna\u00adla\u00adz\u0142o si\u0119 161 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w, z kt\u00f3\u00adrych 141 wysia\u00addu\u00adje regu\u00adlar\u00adnie. Ta lista gatun\u00adk\u00f3w zosta\u00ad\u0142a grun\u00adtow\u00adnie zre\u00adwi\u00addo\u00adwa\u00adna w ostat\u00adnich latach (HAFERLAND 2010, 2012) i obec\u00adnie obej\u00admu\u00adje 293 gatun\u00adki ziden\u00adty\u00adfi\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adne w gra\u00adni\u00adcach par\u00adku naro\u00addo\u00adwe\u00adgo. 63 gatun\u00adki (w tym 51 jako pta\u00adki l\u0119go\u00adwe) znaj\u00addu\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 na czer\u00adwo\u00adnej li\u015bcie Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii, 46 na nie\u00admiec\u00adkiej czer\u00adwo\u00adnej li\u015bcie, 18 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w jest zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adnych wygi\u00adni\u0119\u00adciem zgod\u00adnie z fede\u00adral\u00adnym roz\u00adpo\u00adrz\u0105\u00addze\u00adniem o ochro\u00adnie gatun\u00adk\u00f3w, 51 jest wymie\u00adnio\u00adnych jako szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adnie god\u00adne ochro\u00adny w dyrek\u00adty\u00adwie pta\u00adsiej UE (zob. Tabe\u00adla 2). Co naj\u00admniej 14 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w ma ponad 10% popu\u00adla\u00adcji l\u0119go\u00adwej bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adskiej w Doli\u00adnie Dol\u00adnej Odry, tj. 0,3% powierzch\u00adni l\u0105du, przy czym rybi\u00adtwa czar\u00adna (<em>Chli\u00addo\u00adnias niger<\/em>) jest to nawet 30&nbsp;%, w przy\u00adpad\u00adku der\u00adka\u00adcza 17% zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adnej na ca\u0142ym \u015bwie\u00adcie popu\u00adla\u00adcji niemieckiej.<\/p>\n<p>Obec\u00adnie 147 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w regu\u00adlar\u00adnie l\u0119go\u00adwych na tym obsza\u00adrze sta\u00adno\u00adwi 85% l\u0119go\u00adwych gatun\u00adk\u00f3w pta\u00adk\u00f3w Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii. Spo\u00ad\u015br\u00f3d nich 17 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w znaj\u00addu\u00adje si\u0119 w kate\u00adgo\u00adriach zagro\u00ad\u017ce\u00adnia (RL 1) i (RL 2) na Czer\u00adwo\u00adnej Li\u015bcie Niemiec.<\/p>\n<p>Na \u00f3wcze\u00adsnych powierzch\u00adniach pr\u00f3b\u00adnych stwier\u00addzo\u00adno zag\u0119sz\u00adcze\u00adnie osad\u00adnic\u00adtwa dla wie\u00adlu pospo\u00adlit\u00adszych pta\u00adk\u00f3w \u015bpie\u00adwa\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych, kt\u00f3\u00adre nale\u00ad\u017c\u0105 do naj\u00adwy\u017c\u00adszych w por\u00f3w\u00adna\u00adniu z Euro\u00adp\u0105 \u015arod\u00adko\u00adw\u0105. Dla 14 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w pta\u00adk\u00f3w w\u0119drow\u00adnych jed\u00adno\u00adpro\u00adcen\u00adto\u00adwe kry\u00adte\u00adrium Kon\u00adwen\u00adcji Ram\u00adsar\u00adskiej jest prze\u00adkra\u00adcza\u00adne regu\u00adlar\u00adnie lub w poszcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adnych latach. Stwier\u00addza, \u017ce co naj\u00admniej 1% du\u017cej popu\u00adla\u00adcji regu\u00adlar\u00adnie odpo\u00adczy\u00adwa na danym obsza\u00adrze. Obszar obj\u0119\u00adty pro\u00adjek\u00adtem ma r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c og\u00f3l\u00adno\u00adkra\u00adjo\u00adwe zna\u00adcze\u00adnie dla bata\u00adlion ze wzgl\u0119\u00addu na du\u017c\u0105 licz\u00adb\u0119 osob\u00adni\u00adk\u00f3w w okre\u00adsie migra\u00adcji (<em>Phi\u00adlo\u00adma\u00adchus pugnax<\/em>), bekas pospo\u00adli\u00adty (<em>Gal\u00adli\u00adna\u00adgo gal\u00adli\u00adna\u00adgo<\/em>), Bro\u00addzik do drew\u00adna (<em>Trin\u00adga ochro\u00adpus<\/em>), Snaj\u00adper minia\u00adtu\u00adro\u00adwy (<em>Lym\u00adno\u00adcryp\u00adtes mini\u00admus<\/em>) i faj\u00adka wod\u00adna (<em>Anthus spi\u00adno\u00adlet\u00adta<\/em>). Der\u00adkacz (<em>Crex crex<\/em>) posia\u00adda jed\u00adno z naj\u00adwi\u0119k\u00adszych z\u0142\u00f3\u017c w Niem\u00adczech w doli\u00adnie dol\u00adnej Odry. 30 pro\u00adcent popu\u00adla\u00adcji hodow\u00adla\u00adnej rybi\u00adtwy czar\u00adnej (<em>Chli\u00addo\u00adnias niger<\/em>) le\u017c\u0105 w doli\u00adnie dol\u00adnej Odry. Trzci\u00adnist\u00adka (<em>Acro\u00adce\u00adpha\u00adlus palu\u00addi\u00adco<\/em>) wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje tyl\u00adko w Niem\u00adczech w doli\u00adnie dol\u00adnej Odry, a sam\u00adce \u015bpie\u00adwa\u00adj\u0105 obec\u00adnie nieregularnie.<\/p>\n<p>Ponad dzie\u00adsi\u0119\u0107 pro\u00adcent popu\u00adla\u00adcji l\u0119go\u00adwej Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii kon\u00adcen\u00adtru\u00adje si\u0119 w doli\u00adnie dol\u00adnej Odry dla kolej\u00adnych jede\u00adna\u00adstu gatun\u00adk\u00f3w. Spo\u00ad\u015br\u00f3d nich kie\u0142\u00adki docie\u00adra\u00adj\u0105 tutaj (<em>Lusci\u00adnia lusci\u00adnia<\/em>), Schlag\u00adschwirl (<em>Locu\u00adstel\u00adla flu\u00advia\u00adti\u00adlis<\/em>) i kar\u00admi\u00adno\u00adwe pro\u00adpor\u00adczy\u00adki (<em>Car\u00adpo\u00adda\u00adcus ery\u00adth\u00adri\u00adnus<\/em>) ich obec\u00adna zachod\u00adnia gra\u00adni\u00adca dys\u00adtry\u00adbu\u00adcji. Nuro\u00adg\u0119\u015b (<em>Mer\u00adgusz nuro\u00adg\u0119\u00adsi<\/em>) ma naj\u00adwi\u0119k\u00adsze wyst\u0119\u00adpo\u00adwa\u00adnie w doli\u00adnie dol\u00adnej Odry i corocz\u00adnie j\u0105 powi\u0119k\u00adsza. Kor\u00admo\u00adran (<em>Pha\u00adla\u00adcro\u00adco\u00adrax car\u00adbo<\/em>) Za\u0142o\u00ad\u017ce\u00adnie wi\u0119k\u00adszej kolo\u00adnii l\u0119go\u00adwej nad jezio\u00adrem Wrech\u00adsee ko\u0142o Schwedt w doli\u00adnie dol\u00adnej Odry nie zako\u0144\u00adczy\u00ad\u0142o si\u0119 suk\u00adce\u00adsem a\u017c do 1994 r., po tym jak kil\u00adka pr\u00f3b hodow\u00adla\u00adnych zosta\u00ad\u0142o uda\u00adrem\u00adnio\u00adnych przez aktyw\u00adne odstra\u00adsza\u00adnie w poprzed\u00adnich latach.<\/p>\n<p>Szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adne zna\u00adcze\u00adnie orni\u00adto\u00adlo\u00adgicz\u00adne maj\u0105 polde\u00adry wil\u00adgot\u00adne z roz\u00adle\u00adwi\u00adska\u00admi, kse\u00adro\u00adter\u00admicz\u00adne mura\u00adwy zakrze\u00adwio\u00adne i zbli\u00ad\u017co\u00adne do natu\u00adral\u00adnych drze\u00adwo\u00adsta\u00adn\u00f3w le\u015bnych. Ponie\u00adwa\u017c doli\u00adn\u0119 dol\u00adnej Odry odwie\u00addza szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adnie wie\u00adlu mi\u0142o\u00ad\u015bni\u00adk\u00f3w pta\u00adk\u00f3w, war\u00adto przyj\u00adrze\u0107 si\u0119 bar\u00addziej szcze\u00adg\u00f3\u00ad\u0142o\u00adwo nie\u00adkt\u00f3\u00adrym szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adnie inte\u00adre\u00adsu\u00adj\u0105\u00adcym gatun\u00adkom, posor\u00adto\u00adwa\u00adnym wed\u0142ug sie\u00addlisk. Pocz\u0105\u00adtek two\u00adrz\u0105 bio\u00adto\u00adpy doli\u00adny zale\u00adwo\u00adwej&nbsp;Odry.<\/p>\n<p>Aktu\u00adal\u00adn\u0105 list\u0119 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w z adno\u00adta\u00adcja\u00admi mo\u017c\u00adna zna\u00adle\u017a\u0107 w HAFERLAND, H.-J. (2010): Lista gatun\u00adk\u00f3w pta\u00adk\u00f3w w Par\u00adku Naro\u00addo\u00adwym Dol\u00adnej Ode\u00adrty, W: V\u00f6s\u00adsing, A. (red.) Rocz\u00adnik Par\u00adku Naro\u00addo\u00adwe\u00adgo Dol\u00adna Ode\u00adrtal (7), 115\u2013130, Fun\u00adda\u00adcja Park Naro\u00addo\u00adwy Dol\u00adnej Ode\u00adrty, Zamek Crie\u00adwen, Schwedt \/ O. Lista ta zosta\u00ad\u0142a uzu\u00adpe\u0142\u00adnio\u00adna w 2012 roku (HAFERLAND 2012).<\/p>\n<p><strong><\/strong><\/p><div class=\"fusion-menu-anchor\" id=\"feuchtwiesen\"><\/div>Pod\u00admo\u00adk\u0142e&nbsp;\u0142\u0105ki\n<p>Z<strong> czaj\u00adka<\/strong> (<em>Vanel\u00adlus vanel\u00adlus<\/em>) pre\u00adfe\u00adru\u00adje nie\u00adzbyt wyso\u00adk\u0105 i nie\u00adzbyt g\u0119st\u0105 ro\u015blin\u00adno\u015b\u0107 na \u0142\u0105kach upraw\u00adnych i pastwi\u00adskach z punk\u00adta\u00admi pod\u00admo\u00adk\u0142y\u00admi do zasie\u00addle\u00adnia. W zwi\u0105z\u00adku z tym czaj\u00adka wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adnie na wil\u00adgot\u00adnych polde\u00adrach, gdzie kon\u00adcen\u00adtru\u00adje si\u0119 na naj\u00adbar\u00addziej wil\u00adgot\u00adnych obsza\u00adrach, w szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci na zag\u0142\u0119\u00adbie\u00adniach przed papier\u00adni\u0105 w Fid\u00addi\u00adcho\u00adwer i na polde\u00adrze Schwed\u00adter. Dzi\u0119\u00adki szyb\u00adkie\u00admu wypom\u00adpo\u00adwa\u00adniu wody cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 tery\u00adto\u00adrium czaj\u00adki zosta\u00adje p\u00f3\u017a\u00adniej ponow\u00adnie opusz\u00adczo\u00adna. Na polde\u00adrze suchym, opr\u00f3cz wil\u00adgot\u00adne\u00adgo przed\u00adpo\u00adla Odry, obsza\u00adry pod\u00admo\u00adk\u0142e s\u0105 zalud\u00adnio\u00adne na grun\u00adtach ornych, ale pra\u00adwie nie ma u\u017cyt\u00adk\u00f3w zie\u00adlo\u00adnych upraw\u00adnych. Na Polde\u00adrze Frie\u00addrich\u00adstha\u00adler wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje kon\u00adcen\u00adtra\u00adcja na wil\u00adgot\u00adnych, ale nadal u\u017cyt\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adnych u\u017cyt\u00adkach zielonych.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6033\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6033\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3205\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/kiebitz-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/kiebitz-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"czajka\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/kiebitz-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/kiebitz-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 387w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6033\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">czaj\u00adka<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Ten<strong> bekas<\/strong> (<em>Gal\u00adli\u00adna\u00adgo gal\u00adli\u00adna\u00adgo<\/em>) pre\u00adfe\u00adru\u00adje do\u015b\u0107 wyso\u00adk\u0105 ro\u015blin\u00adno\u015b\u0107, ch\u0119t\u00adnie tak\u00ad\u017ce tere\u00adny nie\u00adupra\u00adwia\u00adne, np. bar\u00addzo wil\u00adgot\u00adne, pod\u00admo\u00adk\u0142e \u0142\u0105ki. Jest dobrze repre\u00adzen\u00adto\u00adwa\u00adny na polde\u00adrach Fid\u00addi\u00adcho\u00adwer i Frie\u00addrich\u00adstha\u00adler, na polde\u00adrach suchych kon\u00adcen\u00adtru\u00adje si\u0119 na nie\u00adlicz\u00adnych obsza\u00adrach pod\u00admo\u00adk\u0142ych. R\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c w przy\u00adpad\u00adku beka\u00adsa poten\u00adcjal\u00adny suk\u00adces l\u0119go\u00adwy jest cz\u0119\u00adsto nego\u00adwa\u00adny przez wcze\u00adsne wypom\u00adpo\u00adwy\u00adwa\u00adnie z mokrych polde\u00adr\u00f3w (KUBE 1988A i B, DITTBERNER 2014).<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6027\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6027\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3202\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/bekassinen-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/bekassinen-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"bekas\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/bekassinen-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/bekassinen-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 620w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6027\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">bekas<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Sie\u00addli\u00adsko<strong> Wiel\u00adki kulik<\/strong> (<em>Nume\u00adnius arqu\u00adata<\/em>) to prze\u00adstron\u00adne, wil\u00adgot\u00adne, jak naj\u00adkr\u00f3t\u00adsze tra\u00adwy i nie\u00adzbyt g\u0119sto poro\u00ad\u015bni\u0119\u00adte \u0142\u0105ki i pastwi\u00adska z mokry\u00admi pla\u00adma\u00admi i otwar\u00adt\u0105 wod\u0105. W kli\u00adma\u00adcie \u0142\u0105ko\u00adwym kulik naj\u00adpraw\u00addo\u00adpo\u00addob\u00adniej tole\u00adru\u00adje nie\u00adco bar\u00addziej inten\u00adsyw\u00adne zarz\u0105\u00addza\u00adnie. Nie\u00adlicz\u00adne pary l\u0119go\u00adwe w doli\u00adnie dol\u00adnej Odry ogra\u00adni\u00adcza\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 do polde\u00adru Frie\u00addrich\u00adstha\u00adler na po\u0142u\u00addnie od Gartz (Odra).<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6037\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6037\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3207\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/brachvogel-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/brachvogel-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"Wielki kulik\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/brachvogel-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/brachvogel-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 600w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6037\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wiel\u00adki&nbsp;kulik<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Podob\u00adnie do czar\u00adne\u00adgo rycy\u00adka i czaj\u00adki, kolo\u00adni\u00adzu\u00adje<strong> czer\u00adwo\u00adno\u00adno\u00adgi<\/strong> (<em>Trin\u00adga tota\u00adnus<\/em>) wil\u00adgot\u00adne, nie\u00adzbyt wyso\u00adkie i g\u0119ste mura\u00adwy. Wa\u017c\u00adne s\u0105 wi\u0119k\u00adsze obsza\u00adry pod\u00admo\u00adk\u0142e z b\u0142ot\u00adni\u00adsty\u00admi brze\u00adga\u00admi i czy\u00adst\u0105 ro\u015blin\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci\u0105. Krwa\u00adwo\u00addzio\u00adba wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adnie na polde\u00adrach wil\u00adgot\u00adnych, ale nie\u00adkt\u00f3\u00adre pary roz\u00admna\u00ad\u017ca\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c na polde\u00adrze Frie\u00addrich\u00adstha\u00adler oraz w Ode\u00adrvor\u00adland Lunow-Stolzenhagen.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6039\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6039\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3208\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/rotschenkel-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/rotschenkel-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"czerwononogi\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/rotschenkel-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/rotschenkel-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 629w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6039\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">czer\u00adwo\u00adno\u00adno\u00adgi<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Z<strong> Der\u00adkacz<\/strong> (<em>Crex crex<\/em>) kolo\u00adni\u00adzu\u00adje u\u017cyt\u00adki zie\u00adlo\u00adne o wyso\u00adko\u00ad\u015bci ro\u015blin\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci od 30 do 50&nbsp;cm oraz ro\u015blin\u00adno\u015b\u0107 przy\u00adziem\u00adn\u0105, g\u0119st\u0105, ale nadal prze\u00adpusz\u00adczal\u00adn\u0105 na gle\u00adbie wil\u00adgot\u00adnej, ale nie zala\u00adnej. Po jego przy\u00adby\u00adciu (pod koniec kwiet\u00adnia) na pocz\u0105t\u00adku maja zaj\u00admo\u00adwa\u00ad\u0142a pocz\u0105t\u00adko\u00adwo sto\u00adsun\u00adko\u00adwo wyso\u00adkie tor\u00adfo\u00adwi\u00adska, \u0142\u0105ki trzcin\u00adni\u00adko\u00adwe i turzy\u00adco\u00adwe, nato\u00admiast wzmo\u00ad\u017co\u00adna imi\u00adgra\u00adcja na \u0142\u0105ki wyczy\u00adco\u00adwe wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje w okre\u00adsie wio\u00adsen\u00adnym. Dla der\u00adka\u00adcza korzyst\u00adne s\u0105 zar\u00f3w\u00adno wil\u00adgot\u00adne zag\u0142\u0119\u00adbie\u00adnia, jak i wynie\u00adsio\u00adne i nie\u00adco bar\u00addziej suche obsza\u00adry na u\u017cyt\u00adkach zie\u00adlo\u00adnych, a tak\u00ad\u017ce poje\u00addyn\u00adcze krze\u00adwy, kt\u00f3\u00adre wyko\u00adrzy\u00adstu\u00adje jako obszar \u015bpie\u00adwu, a tak\u00ad\u017ce wyso\u00adkie obrze\u00ad\u017ca krze\u00adw\u00f3w, kt\u00f3\u00adre po sezo\u00adnie l\u0119go\u00adwym wyko\u00adrzy\u00adstu\u00adje jako obsza\u00adry pie\u00adrze\u00adnia. Doli\u00adna Dol\u00adnej Odry jest jed\u00adnym z naj\u00adwa\u017c\u00adniej\u00adszych obsza\u00adr\u00f3w l\u0119go\u00adwych der\u00adka\u00adcza w Niem\u00adczech. Wi\u0119k\u00adszo\u015b\u0107 pta\u00adk\u00f3w roz\u00admna\u00ad\u017ca si\u0119 na mokrym polde\u00adrze. Polder Frie\u00addrich\u00adstha\u00adler od kil\u00adku lat jest coraz bar\u00addziej zalud\u00adnio\u00adny, na polde\u00adrze suchym wo\u0142a\u00adj\u0105\u00adce zwie\u00adrz\u0119\u00adta wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adj\u0105 w kil\u00adku wil\u00adgot\u00adnych miej\u00adscach, a przede wszyst\u00adkim wie\u00adlo\u00adkrot\u00adnie u pod\u00adn\u00f3\u00ad\u017ca Odry. Der\u00adkacz wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje przede wszyst\u00adkim na Lan\u00adge Reh\u00adne, na Heu\u00adzug i na polde\u00adrze Schwedt.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6109\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6109\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3244\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wachtelkoenig-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wachtelkoenig-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"Derkacz\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wachtelkoenig-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x143.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wachtelkoenig-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wachtelkoenig-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 383w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6109\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Der\u00adkacz<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Ostat\u00adnie l\u0119go\u00adwi\u00adska<strong> Pochod\u00adnia turzy\u00adco\u00adwa<\/strong> (<em>Acro\u00adce\u00adpha\u00adlus palu\u00addi\u00adco\u00adla<\/em>) ogra\u00adni\u00adcza\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 do Polde\u00adru 5\/6, gdzie w ostat\u00adnich latach prze\u00adpro\u00adwa\u00addzo\u00adno sze\u00adro\u00adko zakro\u00adjo\u00adne dzia\u00ad\u0142a\u00adnia w ramach pro\u00adjek\u00adtu E + E w celu zacho\u00adwa\u00adnia i przy\u00adwr\u00f3\u00adce\u00adnia sie\u00addlisk gatun\u00adku. Ten zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adny na ca\u0142ym \u015bwie\u00adcie gatu\u00adnek pta\u00adk\u00f3w zamiesz\u00adku\u00adje obsza\u00adry tra\u00adwia\u00adste wil\u00adgot\u00adny\u00admi lub mokry\u00admi zaso\u00adba\u00admi zie\u00admi i turzy\u00adcy. Zw\u0142asz\u00adcza turzy\u00adce <em>Carex gra\u00adci\u00adlis<\/em>, mo\u017ce two\u00adrzy\u0107 du\u017ce obsza\u00adry lub ogra\u00adni\u00adcza\u0107 si\u0119 do mniej\u00adszych, przy\u00adpo\u00admi\u00adna\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych wysp\u0119, wyst\u0119\u00adpo\u00adwa\u00adnia na \u0142\u0105kach trzci\u00adno\u00adwych. Regu\u00adlar\u00adne miej\u00adsca \u015bpie\u00adwa\u00adnia powsta\u00ad\u0142y nawet na czy\u00adstych, wyso\u00adko\u00adpo\u00adro\u00adsto\u00adwych \u0142\u0105kach trzci\u00adno\u00adwych bez turzyc.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6091\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6091\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3235\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/seggenrohrsaenger-grimm-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/seggenrohrsaenger-grimm-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"Pochodnia turzycowa\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/seggenrohrsaenger-grimm-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/seggenrohrsaenger-grimm-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 600w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6091\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pochod\u00adnia turzycowa<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong><\/strong><\/p><div class=\"fusion-menu-anchor\" id=\"gewaesser\"><\/div>Fale\n<p>Z<strong> Per\u00adkoz rdza\u00adwo\u00adszyi<\/strong> (<em>Podi\u00adceps gri\u00adse\u00adge\u00adna<\/em>) nie lubi zbyt g\u0142\u0119\u00adbo\u00adkich, s\u0142o\u00adnecz\u00adnych w\u00f3d z g\u0119st\u0105 ro\u015blin\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci\u0105 zanu\u00adrzo\u00adn\u0105 i p\u0142y\u00adwa\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych ro\u015blin li\u015bcia\u00adstych, zw\u0142asz\u00adcza mniej\u00adszych zbior\u00adni\u00adk\u00f3w wod\u00adnych, np. \u0142\u0119g\u00f3w, sta\u00adro\u00adrze\u00adczy i tere\u00adn\u00f3w zale\u00adwo\u00adwych. Per\u00adkoz rdza\u00adwo\u00adszyj\u00adki jako ptak l\u0119go\u00adwy ogra\u00adni\u00adcza si\u0119 do wil\u00adgot\u00adnych polde\u00adr\u00f3w w doli\u00adnie dol\u00adnej Odry. Wi\u0119k\u00adszo\u015b\u0107 pr\u00f3b osie\u00addle\u00adnia si\u0119 w polde\u00adrze A\/B na zala\u00adnych \u0142\u0105kach ko\u0144\u00adczy si\u0119 nie\u00adpo\u00adwo\u00addze\u00adniem, ponie\u00adwa\u017c tere\u00adny polde\u00adr\u00f3w wil\u00adgot\u00adnych s\u0105 wypompowywane.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6087\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6087\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3233\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/rothalstaucher-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/rothalstaucher-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"Perkoz rdzawoszyi\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/rothalstaucher-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/rothalstaucher-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 406w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6087\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Per\u00adkoz rdzawoszyi<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Z<strong> zimo\u00adro\u00addek<\/strong> (<em>Alce\u00addo atthis<\/em>) uwiel\u00adbia wody boga\u00adte w ma\u0142e ryby z odpo\u00adwied\u00adnim oko\u00adniem. Miej\u00adsca l\u0119go\u00adwe znaj\u00addu\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 na brze\u00adgach rzek i row\u00f3w, w miej\u00adscach wyko\u00adp\u00f3w lub w p\u0142y\u00adtach korze\u00adnio\u00adwych zwa\u00adlo\u00adnych drzew. W doli\u00adnie dol\u00adnej Odry zimo\u00adro\u00addek roz\u00admiesz\u00adcza si\u0119 do\u015b\u0107 r\u00f3w\u00adno\u00admier\u00adnie na ca\u0142ym obsza\u00adrze. Miej\u00adsca l\u0119go\u00adwe zna\u00adne s\u0105 zar\u00f3w\u00adno na sta\u00adro\u00adrze\u00adczach na polde\u00adrach, jak iw lasach zboczowych.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6089\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6089\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3234\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/eisvogel-migdalska-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/eisvogel-migdalska-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"zimorodek\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/eisvogel-migdalska-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/eisvogel-migdalska-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 600w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6089\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">zimo\u00adro\u00addek<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Ten<strong> Rybi\u00adtwa czar\u00adna<\/strong> (<em>Chli\u00addo\u00adnias niger<\/em>) Jako hodow\u00adca kolo\u00adnii spe\u00adcja\u00adli\u00adzu\u00adje si\u0119 w kolo\u00adni\u00adza\u00adcji w\u00f3d sto\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych i sta\u00adro\u00adrze\u00adczy z wyra\u017a\u00adn\u0105 ro\u015blin\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci\u0105 p\u0142y\u00adwa\u00adj\u0105\u00adc\u0105 li\u015bcia\u00adst\u0105, w prze\u00adsz\u0142o\u00ad\u015bci zw\u0142asz\u00adcza rak\u00f3w szczyp\u00adco\u00adwych, dzi\u015b g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adnie r\u00f3\u017c mor\u00adskich lub sta\u00adwo\u00adwych (por. Krum\u00adm\u00adholz i Kr\u00e4t\u00adke 1982) lub sztucz\u00adnych pomo\u00adcy l\u0119go\u00adwych. Roz\u00admna\u00ad\u017ca si\u0119 r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c na tra\u00adwie lub wygi\u0119\u00adtych bul\u00adwach trzci\u00adny lub nie\u00adwiel\u00adkich pla\u00admach b\u0142o\u00adta na brze\u00adgu. Je\u017ce\u00adli dost\u0119p\u00adne s\u0105 roz\u00adle\u00adg\u0142e i sta\u00adle zale\u00adwa\u00adne \u0142\u0105ki, rybi\u00adtwy czar\u00adne wyko\u00adrzy\u00adstu\u00adj\u0105 jako miej\u00adsca l\u0119go\u00adwe wysta\u00adj\u0105\u00adce z nich bul\u00adwy traw. Zosta\u00ad\u0142o to zare\u00adje\u00adstro\u00adwa\u00adne np. w doli\u00adnie dol\u00adnej Odry w 1994 roku pod\u00adczas d\u0142u\u00adgo\u00adtrwa\u00ad\u0142ej powo\u00addzi (Grimm 1995). Jed\u00adnak ze wzgl\u0119\u00addu na wypom\u00adpo\u00adwa\u00adnie wil\u00adgot\u00adne\u00adgo polde\u00adru nie by\u0142o suk\u00adce\u00ads\u00f3w l\u0119go\u00adwych. W doli\u00adnie dol\u00adnej Odry rybi\u00adtwa czar\u00adna roz\u00admna\u00ad\u017ca si\u0119 g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adnie w mniej\u00adszych kolo\u00adniach na wie\u00adlu sta\u00adro\u00adrze\u00adczach, np. na polde\u00adrze Crie\u00adwe\u00adner czy Schwedt. Te mniej\u00adsze kolo\u00adnie s\u0105 nie\u00adzwy\u00adkle wra\u017c\u00adli\u00adwe na zak\u0142\u00f3\u00adce\u00adnia. Akcje pod\u00adle\u00adga\u00adj\u0105 co roku sil\u00adnym waha\u00adniom, kt\u00f3\u00adre mo\u017c\u00adna przy\u00adpi\u00adsa\u0107 r\u00f3\u017c\u00adnym przy\u00adczy\u00adnom. W 2017 r. Na przy\u00adk\u0142ad w sied\u00admiu miej\u00adscach z \u0142\u0105cz\u00adnie 215 para\u00admi rybitw czar\u00adnych wyklu\u00ad\u0142o si\u0119 oko\u00ad\u0142o 140 swe\u00adtr\u00f3w, z cze\u00adgo co naj\u00admniej 72 opie\u00adrzo\u00adne (Krum\u00adm\u00adholz, niepublikowane).<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6073\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6073\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3225\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/trauerseeschwalbe-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/trauerseeschwalbe-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"Rybitwa czarna\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/trauerseeschwalbe-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/trauerseeschwalbe-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 465w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6073\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rybi\u00adtwa czarna<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong><\/strong><\/p><div class=\"fusion-menu-anchor\" id=\"roehricht\"><\/div>instru\u00admen\u00adty stroikowe\n<p>To<strong> podr\u00f3\u017c\u00adni\u00adczek<\/strong> (<em>Lusci\u00adnia sve\u00adci\u00adca<\/em>) znaj\u00addu\u00adje dobre warun\u00adki byto\u00adwe w doli\u00adnie dol\u00adnej Odry. Jako l\u0119go\u00adwi\u00adsko pre\u00adfe\u00adru\u00adje zamu\u00adle\u00adnie tere\u00adn\u00f3w z trzci\u00adno\u00adwi\u00adska\u00admi i zaro\u00ad\u015bla\u00admi wierz\u00adbo\u00adwy\u00admi. Wa\u017c\u00adne s\u0105 miej\u00adsca z rzad\u00adk\u0105 ro\u015blin\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci\u0105 do \u017cero\u00adwa\u00adnia na zie\u00admi, swo\u00adbod\u00adny dost\u0119p do wody, ale tak\u00ad\u017ce obsza\u00adry o g\u0119stej ro\u015blin\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci boga\u00adtej w os\u0142o\u00adn\u0119. Warun\u00adki te spe\u0142\u00adnia\u00adj\u0105 przede wszyst\u00adkim m\u0142o\u00adde sta\u00addia suk\u00adce\u00adsji, ponie\u00adwa\u017c powsta\u00adj\u0105 one wci\u0105\u017c na nowo, w szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci w wyni\u00adku dyna\u00admicz\u00adnych pro\u00adce\u00ads\u00f3w p\u0142y\u00adn\u0105\u00adcej wody. W Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii gatu\u00adnek ten jest w du\u017cej mie\u00adrze ogra\u00adni\u00adczo\u00adny do obsza\u00adr\u00f3w zale\u00adwo\u00adwych i nie\u00adkt\u00f3\u00adrych wi\u0119k\u00adszych jezior, pod\u00adczas gdy na innych obsza\u00adrach Nie\u00admiec cz\u0119\u00adsto zasie\u00addla\u00adne s\u0105 bio\u00adto\u00adpy wt\u00f3r\u00adne i coraz bar\u00addziej rowy w kra\u00adjo\u00adbra\u00adzie rol\u00adni\u00adczym. W doli\u00adnie dol\u00adnej Odry podr\u00f3\u017c\u00adnicz\u00adki roz\u00admna\u00ad\u017ca\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adnie na polde\u00adrze Fid\u00addi\u00adcho\u00adwer ko\u0142o Frie\u00addrich\u00adsthal, ale tak\u00ad\u017ce spo\u00adra\u00addycz\u00adnie na polde\u00adrze suchym.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6117\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6117\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3248\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/weisssterniges-blaukehlchen-migdalska-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/weisssterniges-blaukehlchen-migdalska-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"Podr\u00f3\u017cnik z bia\u0142\u0105 gwiazdk\u0105\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/weisssterniges-blaukehlchen-migdalska-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/weisssterniges-blaukehlchen-migdalska-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 600w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6117\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Podr\u00f3\u017c\u00adnik z bia\u00ad\u0142\u0105 gwiazdk\u0105<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Z<strong> Feld\u00adschwirl<\/strong> (<em>Locu\u00adstel\u00adla naevia<\/em>) roz\u00admna\u00ad\u017ca si\u0119 na tra\u00adwia\u00adstych i wyso\u00adkich \u0142\u0105kach ziel\u00adnych w kra\u00adjo\u00adbra\u00adzie otwar\u00adtym i p\u00f3\u0142\u00adotwar\u00adtym. War\u00adstwa zi\u00f3\u0142 musi by\u0107 g\u0119sta, ale na dole prze\u00adpusz\u00adczal\u00adna i mie\u0107 wysta\u00adj\u0105\u00adce szy\u00adpu\u0142\u00adki jako punkt \u015bpie\u00adwa\u00adj\u0105\u00adcy. W doli\u00adnie dol\u00adnej Odry roz\u00admna\u00ad\u017ca si\u0119 na polde\u00adrach na skra\u00adju trzci\u00adno\u00adwisk oraz na \u015bcie\u017c\u00adkach i rowach oraz na wil\u00adgot\u00adnych u\u017cyt\u00adkach zie\u00adlo\u00adnych, pre\u00adfe\u00adru\u00adj\u0105c od\u0142o\u00adgi i pastwi\u00adska. Roz\u00admna\u00ad\u017ca si\u0119 r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c na kra\u00adw\u0119\u00addziach tere\u00adn\u00f3w zale\u00adwo\u00adwych igla\u00adstych, na przy\u00adk\u0142ad na p\u00f3\u0142\u00adnoc\u00adnym skra\u00adju Schwed\u00adter Quer\u00adfahrt i na p\u00f3\u0142\u00adnoc\u00adny wsch\u00f3d od Crie\u00adort, na kra\u00adw\u0119\u00addziach dolin, tak\u00ad\u017ce na otwar\u00adtych tor\u00adfo\u00adwi\u00adskach \u017ar\u00f3\u00addli\u00adsko\u00adwych oraz na wyso\u00adkich obsza\u00adrach ziel\u00adnych na suchych mura\u00adwach. Gatu\u00adnek czer\u00adpie korzy\u00ad\u015bci z two\u00adrze\u00adnia stref dzi\u00adkich i eks\u00adten\u00adsyw\u00adne\u00adgo u\u017cyt\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adnia u\u017cyt\u00adk\u00f3w zielonych.<\/p>\n<p>Z<strong> Rohr\u00adschwirl<\/strong> (<em>Locu\u00adstel\u00adla lusci\u00adnio\u00adides<\/em>) zwy\u00adkle gniaz\u00addu\u00adje w wi\u0119k\u00adszych trzci\u00adnach. Do zasie\u00addle\u00adnia pre\u00adfe\u00adro\u00adwa\u00adne s\u0105 obsza\u00adry przy\u00adbrze\u017c\u00adne z g\u0119st\u0105 war\u00adstw\u0105 gle\u00adby z turzyc i zi\u00f3\u0142 oraz sta\u00adrych trzcin. W doli\u00adnie dol\u00adnej Odry takie sie\u00addli\u00adska wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adj\u0105 cz\u0119\u00adsto na brze\u00adgach sta\u00adro\u00adrze\u00adczy oraz w trzci\u00adno\u00adwi\u00adskach przed\u00adg\u00f3\u00adrza Odry. W ostat\u00adnich latach coraz bar\u00addziej zalud\u00adnia\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 wol\u00adne od trzci\u00adny, od\u0142o\u00adgo\u00adwa\u00adne mura\u00adwy, pod warun\u00adkiem, \u017ce sto\u00adj\u0105 na wil\u00adgot\u00adnym pod\u00ad\u0142o\u00ad\u017cu i zawie\u00adra\u00adj\u0105 inne zio\u00ad\u0142a i byli\u00adny opr\u00f3cz turzy\u00adcy i trzcin\u00adni\u00adka. W Nasspol\u00adder Rohr\u00adschwirl gniaz\u00addu\u00adje g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adnie na Polder 10, w rejo\u00adnie Wrech\u00adsee, ale tak\u00ad\u017ce na trzci\u00adno\u00adwi\u00adskach na brze\u00adgach sta\u00adro\u00adrze\u00adcza, tak\u00ad\u017ce na p\u00f3\u0142\u00adnoc\u00adno-wschod\u00adnim kra\u0144\u00adcu Troc\u00adken\u00adpol\u00adders, na Stol\u00adper Strom i w pobli\u00ad\u017cu Frie\u00addrich\u00adsthal. Gatu\u00adnek znacz\u00adnie si\u0119 roz\u00adr\u00f3s\u0142 w ostat\u00adnich latach.<\/p>\n<p>Podob\u00adnie jak Rohr\u00adschwirl r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c kolo\u00adni\u00adzu\u00adje<strong> trzcin\u00adni\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adta<\/strong> (<em>Acro\u00adce\u00adpha\u00adlus scho\u00adeno\u00adba\u00adenus<\/em>) trzci\u00adny prze\u00adpla\u00adta\u00adne boga\u00adt\u0105 war\u00adstw\u0105 turzyc i zi\u00f3\u0142. W Doli\u00adnie Dol\u00adnej Odry trzci\u00adno\u00adwi\u00adska na sta\u00adro\u00adrze\u00adczach s\u0105 w wie\u00adlu miej\u00adscach g\u0119sto zalud\u00adnio\u00adne, nawet je\u015bli maj\u0105 zale\u00add\u00adwie kil\u00adka metr\u00f3w sze\u00adro\u00adko\u00ad\u015bci. Na wil\u00adgot\u00adniej\u00adszych tere\u00adnach trzcin\u00adnicz\u00adk\u0119 mo\u017c\u00adna spo\u00adtka\u0107 r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c na ca\u0142ym obsza\u00adrze mura\u00adwy, pod warun\u00adkiem, \u017ce na wil\u00adgot\u00adnym pod\u00ad\u0142o\u00ad\u017cu prze\u00adwa\u00ad\u017ca\u00adj\u0105 turzy\u00adce lub \u0142\u0105ki trzcin\u00adni\u00adko\u00adwe. Gatu\u00adnek ten korzy\u00adsta r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c ze zmniej\u00adsza\u00adj\u0105\u00adcej si\u0119 inten\u00adsyw\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci upra\u00adwy. Trzcin\u00adnicz\u00adka zamiesz\u00adku\u00adje teren polde\u00adro\u00adwy w podob\u00adnym roz\u00admiesz\u00adcze\u00adniu jak trzcin\u00adnicz\u00adka. R\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c na Polde\u00adrze Frie\u00addrich\u00adstha\u00adler brze\u00adgi o\u0142ta\u00adrza s\u0105 g\u0119sto zalud\u00adnio\u00adne, zw\u0142asz\u00adcza na p\u00f3\u0142\u00adnoc od Friedrichsthal.<\/p>\n<p>Wyst\u0119\u00adpo\u00adwa\u00adnie<strong> Ga\u015bnicz\u00adka rur\u00adki prze\u00adpust\u00adni\u00adcy<\/strong> (<em>Acro\u00adce\u00adpha\u00adlus arun\u00addi\u00adna\u00adceus<\/em>) ogra\u00adni\u00adczo\u00adne do wyso\u00adkich, wod\u00adnych drze\u00adwo\u00adsta\u00adn\u00f3w trzci\u00adno\u00adwych bez god\u00adnej uwa\u00adgi war\u00adstwy ziel\u00adnej. Cho\u00adcia\u017c wi\u0119k\u00adszo\u015b\u0107 zja\u00adwisk wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje w wi\u0119k\u00adszych trzci\u00adno\u00adwi\u00adskach na sta\u00adro\u00adrze\u00adczach, np. na jezio\u00adrze Wrech\u00adsee lub na przed\u00adg\u00f3\u00adrzu Odry, to zda\u00adrza\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 zasie\u00addlo\u00adne wyj\u0105t\u00adko\u00adwo ma\u0142e trzci\u00adno\u00adwi\u00adska, np. w nie\u00adkt\u00f3\u00adrych miej\u00adscach na suchym polde\u00adrze. Inne punk\u00adty cen\u00adtral\u00adne znaj\u00addu\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 na Welse\u00adbo\u00adgen i na brze\u00adgach zachod\u00adniej lub po\u0142u\u00addnio\u00adwej cz\u0119\u00ad\u015bci Gartz oraz w Staffelde.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6043\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6043\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3210\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/drosselrohrsaenger-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/drosselrohrsaenger-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"trzcinnik wielki\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/drosselrohrsaenger-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/drosselrohrsaenger-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 413w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6043\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">trzcin\u00adnik wielki<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Poni\u017c\u00adsze bio\u00adto\u00adpy wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adj\u0105 zar\u00f3w\u00adno w doli\u00adnie zale\u00adwo\u00adwej Odry, jak iw lasach na zbo\u00adczach wzg\u00f3rz.<\/p>\n<p><strong><\/strong><\/p><div class=\"fusion-menu-anchor\" id=\"gehoelze\"><\/div>Las\n<p>Z<strong> Kie\u0142\u00adko\u00adwa\u0107<\/strong> (<em>Lusci\u00adnia lusci\u00adnia<\/em>) kolo\u00adni\u00adzu\u00adje \u0142\u0105ki igla\u00adste i mniej\u00adsze zaro\u00ad\u015bla wierz\u00adbo\u00adwe na wil\u00adgot\u00adnym pod\u00ad\u0142o\u00ad\u017cu z cz\u0119\u00ad\u015bcio\u00adwo bra\u00adku\u00adj\u0105\u00adc\u0105, ale cz\u0119\u00ad\u015bcio\u00adwo dobrze wykszta\u0142\u00adco\u00adn\u0105 war\u00adstw\u0105 ziel\u00adn\u0105. Uni\u00adka g\u0119stych, zamkni\u0119\u00adtych las\u00f3w, zwy\u00adkle r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c ich obrze\u00ad\u017cy, jego tere\u00adny znaj\u00addu\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 albo w p\u00f3\u0142\u00adotwar\u00adtym kra\u00adjo\u00adbra\u00adzie, albo w sil\u00adnie polu\u00adzo\u00adwa\u00adnych wi\u0119k\u00adszych drze\u00adwach z pola\u00adna\u00admi i wol\u00adny\u00admi prze\u00adstrze\u00adnia\u00admi. Na tere\u00adnach polde\u00adr\u00f3w wil\u00adgot\u00adnych kie\u00ad\u0142ek wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje pra\u00adwie wsz\u0119\u00addzie we wszyst\u00adkich odpo\u00adwied\u00adnich miej\u00adscach, pod\u00adczas gdy na polde\u00adrach suchych i na polde\u00adrze Frie\u00addrich\u00adstha\u00adler jest nie\u00adco rzad\u00adszy, na obsza\u00adrach pery\u00adfe\u00adryj\u00adnych tyl\u00adko nie\u00adlicz\u00adnie na tere\u00adnach p\u00f3\u0142otwartych.<\/p>\n<p>Twier\u00addze\u00adnia<strong> s\u0142o\u00adwik<\/strong> (<em>Lusci\u00adnia mega\u00adhyn\u00adchos<\/em>) przy\u00adpo\u00admi\u00adna te z kie\u0142\u00adk\u00f3w, ale wyko\u00adrzy\u00adstu\u00adje r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c bar\u00addziej suche ro\u015bli\u00adny drze\u00adwia\u00adste. Doli\u00adna Dol\u00adnej Odry le\u017cy na p\u00f3\u0142\u00adnoc\u00adnym kra\u0144\u00adcu jej zamkni\u0119\u00adte\u00adgo obsza\u00adru dys\u00adtry\u00adbu\u00adcyj\u00adne\u00adgo. Cho\u0107 s\u0142o\u00adwik jest nie\u00adwie\u00adle mniej pospo\u00adli\u00adty ni\u017c p\u0119d na po\u0142u\u00addnie od Doli\u00adny Dol\u00adnej Odry, na suchym polde\u00adrze jest ju\u017c wyra\u017a\u00adnie za nim. Sto\u00adsu\u00adnek mi\u0119\u00addzy dwo\u00adma gatun\u00adka\u00admi pta\u00adk\u00f3w wyno\u00adsi 1: 5. Gatu\u00adnek obec\u00adnie powi\u0119k\u00adsza si\u0119 w populacji.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6115\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6115\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3247\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/nachtigall-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/nachtigall-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"s\u0142owik\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/nachtigall-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/nachtigall-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 600w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6115\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">S\u0142o\u00adwik<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Dziel\u00adni\u00adce<strong> cios wiry<\/strong> (<em>Locu\u00adstel\u00adla flu\u00advia\u00adti\u00adlis<\/em>) cha\u00adrak\u00adte\u00adry\u00adzu\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 wie\u00adlo\u00adwar\u00adstwo\u00adw\u0105 struk\u00adtu\u00adr\u0105 ro\u015blin\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci. Wa\u017c\u00adna jest dobrze roz\u00adwi\u00adni\u0119\u00adta, boga\u00adto ustruk\u00adtu\u00adry\u00adzo\u00adwa\u00adna, g\u0119sta, ale prze\u00adpusz\u00adczal\u00adna war\u00adstwa zi\u00f3\u0142 na dole. Wie\u00adlo\u00adlet\u00adnie sta\u00adda pokrzy\u00adwy s\u0105 cz\u0119\u00adsto obsa\u00addzo\u00adne wygi\u0119\u00adty\u00admi szy\u00adpu\u0142\u00adka\u00admi lub le\u017c\u0105\u00adcy\u00admi ga\u0142\u0105z\u00adka\u00admi. Powin\u00adna te\u017c by\u0107 war\u00adstwa krze\u00adw\u00f3w i drzew. Wie\u00adle obsza\u00adr\u00f3w wiru\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych znaj\u00addu\u00adje si\u0119 w sto\u00adsun\u00adko\u00adwo zamkni\u0119\u00adtych, wy\u017c\u00adszych drze\u00adwo\u00adsta\u00adnach, wie\u00adle tak\u00ad\u017ce w g\u0119stych zaro\u00ad\u015blach wierz\u00adbo\u00adwych, cza\u00adsem nawet w poje\u00addyn\u00adczych zaro\u00ad\u015blach wierz\u00adbo\u00adwych na otwar\u00adtej prze\u00adstrze\u00adni. Wi\u0119k\u00adsze, zamkni\u0119\u00adte lasy nie s\u0105 zalud\u00adnio\u00adne lub spo\u00adra\u00addycz\u00adnie na obrze\u00ad\u017cach. W Doli\u00adnie Dol\u00adnej Odry Schlag\u00adschwirl pre\u00adfe\u00adru\u00adje roz\u00admna\u00ad\u017ca\u00adnie si\u0119 na polde\u00adrach wil\u00adgot\u00adnych, zw\u0142asz\u00adcza na polde\u00adrze Fid\u00addi\u00adcho\u00adwer i na Schwed\u00adter Quer\u00adfahrt. Gatu\u00adnek jest rzad\u00adki na polde\u00adrze suchym. Na zbo\u00adczach doli\u00adny Odry wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje tyl\u00adko na skra\u00adju nie\u00adczyn\u00adnych&nbsp;las\u00f3w.<\/p>\n<p>Ten<strong> Siko\u00adra tasma\u0144\u00adska<\/strong> (<em>Remiz waha\u00add\u0142o<\/em>) Roz\u00admna\u00ad\u017ca si\u0119 w dobrze zbu\u00addo\u00adwa\u00adnych, p\u00f3\u0142\u00adotwar\u00adtych ro\u015bli\u00adnach drze\u00adwia\u00adstych, g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adnie na brze\u00adgach sta\u00adro\u00adrze\u00adczy w wyso\u00adkich drze\u00adwach, w pobli\u00ad\u017cu powierzch\u00adni trzci\u00adny lub o\u017cy\u00adpa\u0142\u00adki, z pokrzyw i chmie\u00adlu, kt\u00f3\u00adrych u\u017cy\u00adwa jako mate\u00adria\u00ad\u0142u do gniaz\u00addo\u00adwa\u00adnia. Mimo naj\u00adlep\u00adszych warun\u00adk\u00f3w sie\u00addli\u00adsko\u00adwych siko\u00adra od lat znacz\u00adnie zani\u00adka, tak \u017ce obec\u00adnie rzad\u00adko spo\u00adty\u00adka\u00adna jest jako ptak l\u0119gowy.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6059\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6059\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3218\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/beutelmeise-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/beutelmeise-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"Sikora tasma\u0144ska\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/beutelmeise-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/beutelmeise-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 600w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6059\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Siko\u00adra tasma\u0144ska<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Z<strong> Kar\u00admin<\/strong> (<em>Car\u00adpo\u00adda\u00adcus ery\u00adth\u00adri\u00adnus<\/em>) pre\u00adfe\u00adru\u00adje lu\u017a\u00adne \u0142\u0105ki igla\u00adste z wy\u017c\u00adszy\u00admi drze\u00adwa\u00admi, krze\u00adwa\u00admi wierz\u00adbo\u00adwy\u00admi oraz otwar\u00adty\u00admi trzci\u00adna\u00admi i krze\u00adwa\u00admi i uni\u00adka wi\u0119k\u00adszych zamkni\u0119\u00adtych popu\u00adla\u00adcji drzew. Kar\u00admi\u00adno\u00adwiec miesz\u00adka w Doli\u00adnie Dol\u00adnej Odry w pobli\u00ad\u017cu jej gra\u00adni\u00adcy wyst\u0119\u00adpo\u00adwa\u00adnia. Naj\u00adwi\u0119k\u00adsze zag\u0119sz\u00adcze\u00adnie wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje na obsza\u00adrze Westo\u00adder w pobli\u00ad\u017cu Frie\u00addrich\u00adsthal, co praw\u00addo\u00adpo\u00addob\u00adnie ma zwi\u0105\u00adzek z bli\u00adsko\u00ad\u015bci\u0105 odpo\u00adwied\u00adnich sie\u00addlisk w Zwi\u00adsche\u00adno\u00adder\u00adland. Inne, mniej\u00adsze sku\u00adpi\u00adska mo\u017c\u00adna zna\u00adle\u017a\u0107 na Schwed\u00adter Quer\u00adfahrt, na Gro\u00ad\u00dfer Zug i na sta\u00adro\u00adrze\u00adczach na suchym polde\u00adrze w pobli\u00ad\u017cu Stol\u00adpe. W nie\u00admiec\u00adkiej cz\u0119\u00ad\u015bci Doli\u00adny Dol\u00adnej Odry og\u00f3r\u00adki kiszo\u00adne by\u0142y obser\u00adwo\u00adwa\u00adne dopie\u00adro od 1974 r. w toku eks\u00adpan\u00adsji na zach\u00f3d, aw latach 90. jej popu\u00adla\u00adcja nadal ros\u0142a (Dit\u00adt\u00adber\u00adner 1996). Obec\u00adnie wzrost popu\u00adla\u00adcji zosta\u0142 zatrzymany.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6105\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6105\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3242\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/karmingimpel-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/karmingimpel-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"Karmin\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/karmingimpel-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/karmingimpel-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 674w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6105\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kar\u00admin<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Ten<strong> Pokrzew\u00adka kro\u00adgul\u00adca<\/strong> (<em>Syl\u00adwia niso\u00adria<\/em>) kolo\u00adni\u00adzu\u00adje wie\u00adlo\u00adpo\u00adzio\u00admo\u00adwe ro\u015bli\u00adny drze\u00adwia\u00adste w otwar\u00adtym kra\u00adjo\u00adbra\u00adzie, zar\u00f3w\u00adno na obsza\u00adrach bar\u00addzo wil\u00adgot\u00adnych, jak i bar\u00addzo suchych. Wa\u017c\u00adne jest, aby mie\u0107 kil\u00adka wyso\u00adkich drzew, kt\u00f3\u00adre nie powin\u00adny znaj\u00addo\u00adwa\u0107 si\u0119 zbyt bli\u00adsko sie\u00adbie, oraz dobrze roz\u00adwi\u00adni\u0119\u00adt\u0105 war\u00adstw\u0119 krze\u00adw\u00f3w, takich jak cier\u00adnie, wierz\u00adby i wyso\u00adkie krze\u00adwy w g\u00f3r\u0119 rze\u00adki. Koma\u00adry kro\u00adgu\u00adlec cz\u0119\u00adsto szu\u00adka\u00adj\u0105 bez\u00adpo\u00ad\u015bred\u00adnie\u00adgo s\u0105siedz\u00adtwa kre\u00adwe\u00adtek czer\u00adwo\u00adno\u00adgrz\u00adbie\u00adtych, praw\u00addo\u00adpo\u00addob\u00adnie po to, aby wyko\u00adrzy\u00adsta\u0107 ich wro\u00adga i zacho\u00adwa\u00adnie ostrze\u00adgaw\u00adcze. Maj\u0105 du\u017ce popu\u00adla\u00adcje w pozo\u00adsta\u00ad\u0142o\u00ad\u015bciach las\u00f3w \u0142\u0119go\u00adwych igla\u00adstych na obsza\u00adrze polde\u00adro\u00adwym, na przy\u00adk\u0142ad na polde\u00adrze Fid\u00addi\u00adcho\u00adwer w pobli\u00ad\u017cu Frie\u00addrich\u00adsthal oraz po p\u00f3\u0142\u00adnoc\u00adnej stro\u00adnie Schwed\u00adter Quer\u00adfahrt i na Gro\u00ad\u00dfer Zug. W suchym polde\u00adrze kro\u00adgul\u00adca wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje rza\u00addziej, ale mo\u017c\u00adna go zoba\u00adczy\u0107 na skra\u00adjach lasu o boga\u00adtej struk\u00adtu\u00adrze, na drze\u00adwach polnych i suchych zboczach.<\/p>\n<p>Z<strong> Czer\u00adwo\u00adne ple\u00adcy<\/strong> (<em>Lanius col\u00adlu\u00adrio<\/em>) pre\u00adfe\u00adru\u00adje cier\u00adni\u00adste krze\u00adwy w p\u00f3\u0142\u00adotwar\u00adtym kra\u00adjo\u00adbra\u00adzie. Wyso\u00adkie drze\u00adwa oraz, w bez\u00adpo\u00ad\u015bred\u00adnim s\u0105siedz\u00adtwie, eks\u00adten\u00adsyw\u00adnie upra\u00adwia\u00adne, wil\u00adgot\u00adne lub suche mura\u00adwy, kt\u00f3\u00adre wyko\u00adrzy\u00adstu\u00adje jako \u017cero\u00adwa\u00adnie, s\u0105 korzyst\u00adne, je\u015bli nie jest to koniecz\u00adne. G\u0105sio\u00adrek g\u0105sio\u00adrek wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje na \u0142\u0105kach igla\u00adstych obsza\u00adru polde\u00adro\u00adwe\u00adgo, a tak\u00ad\u017ce na odpo\u00adwied\u00adnich zdrew\u00adnia\u00ad\u0142ych drze\u00adwach na zbo\u00adczach doli\u00adny Odry, zw\u0142asz\u00adcza na mura\u00adwach kserotermicznych.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6119\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6119\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3249\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/neuntoeter-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/neuntoeter-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"Czerwone plecy\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/neuntoeter-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/neuntoeter-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 512w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6119\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Czer\u00adwo\u00adne&nbsp;plecy<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Z<strong> Sza\u00adry dzierz\u00adba<\/strong> (<em>Wystaw\u00adca Laniu\u00adsa<\/em>) roz\u00admna\u00ad\u017ca si\u0119 na p\u00f3\u0142\u00adotwar\u00adtym tere\u00adnie z krze\u00adwa\u00admi i drze\u00adwa\u00admi, kt\u00f3\u00adre mo\u017ce wyko\u00adrzy\u00adsty\u00adwa\u0107 jako pocze\u00adkal\u00adnie do sie\u00addze\u00adnia. Potrze\u00adbu\u00adje pastwisk i \u0142\u0105k z lu\u017a\u00adn\u0105 ro\u015blin\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci\u0105, ale wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c w boga\u00adto ustruk\u00adtu\u00adry\u00adzo\u00adwa\u00adnym kra\u00adjo\u00adbra\u00adzie rol\u00adnym. W Doli\u00adnie Dol\u00adnej Odry mapu\u00adje si\u0119 od pi\u0119\u00adciu do o\u015bmiu tery\u00adto\u00adri\u00f3w rocz\u00adnie, ale dowo\u00addy l\u0119go\u00adwe s\u0105 mniej uda\u00adne, ponie\u00adwa\u017c g\u0105sio\u00adrek jest cz\u0119\u00adsto bar\u00addzo skry\u00adty w sezo\u00adnie l\u0119gowym.<\/p>\n<p><strong><\/strong><\/p><div class=\"fusion-menu-anchor\" id=\"wald\"><\/div>Li\u015bcia\u00adste i mie\u00adsza\u00adne lasy li\u015bciaste\n<p>Ten<strong> tur\u00adkaw\u00adka<\/strong> (<em>Strep\u00adto\u00adpe\u00adlia tur\u00adtur<\/em>) zasie\u00addla lasy i lasy kra\u00adjo\u00adbra\u00adzu p\u00f3\u0142\u00adotwar\u00adte\u00adgo. Wi\u0119k\u00adszo\u015b\u0107 ich tery\u00adto\u00adri\u00f3w znaj\u00addu\u00adje si\u0119 w spulch\u00adnio\u00adnych lasach sosno\u00adwych, cz\u0119\u00adsto na tere\u00adnach pery\u00adfe\u00adryj\u00adnych, cza\u00adsem tak\u00ad\u017ce w zamkni\u0119\u00adtych lasach li\u015bcia\u00adstych. Dobre nas\u0142o\u00adnecz\u00adnie\u00adnie las\u00f3w jest oczy\u00adwi\u00ad\u015bcie klu\u00adczo\u00adwe dla tego cie\u00adp\u0142o\u00adlub\u00adne\u00adgo gatun\u00adku. Tur\u00adkaw\u00adka jest jed\u00adnym z tych gatun\u00adk\u00f3w pta\u00adk\u00f3w, kt\u00f3\u00adre od kil\u00adku lat wyka\u00adzu\u00adj\u0105 dra\u00adma\u00adtycz\u00adne popu\u00adla\u00adcje. Obec\u00adnie z par\u00adku naro\u00addo\u00adwe\u00adgo dost\u0119p\u00adne s\u0105 tyl\u00adko poje\u00addyn\u00adcze zapi\u00adsy, ale nie daj\u0105 one \u017cad\u00adnych wska\u00adz\u00f3\u00adwek o wyst\u0119\u00adpo\u00adwa\u00adniu l\u0119gowym.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6011\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6011\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3193\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/taube-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/taube-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"go\u0142\u0105b\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/taube-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/taube-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 659w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6011\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">go\u0142\u0105b<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Pod\u00adczas<strong> Zdj\u0119\u00adcie go\u0142\u0119\u00adbia<\/strong> (<em>Colum\u00adba oenas<\/em>) jest zale\u017c\u00adny od sta\u00adrych ksi\u0119\u00adgo\u00adzbio\u00adr\u00f3w, naj\u00adle\u00adpiej<strong> Dzi\u0119\u00adcio\u0142 czar\u00adny<\/strong> (<em>Dry\u00adoco\u00adpus mar\u00adtius<\/em>) Sosny i buki i<strong> dzi\u0119\u00adcio\u0142 \u015bred\u00adni<\/strong> (<em>Den\u00addro\u00adco\u00adpus \u015bred\u00adni<\/em>) Lasy d\u0119bo\u00adwe z du\u017c\u0105 zawar\u00adto\u00ad\u015bci\u0105 mar\u00adtwe\u00adgo drew\u00adna dla dzia\u00ad\u0142al\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci hodow\u00adla\u00adnej. Te trzy gatun\u00adki zaob\u00adser\u00adwo\u00adwa\u00adno g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adnie w Peter\u00adber\u00adgu, Den\u00adsen\u00adber\u00adgu i Gel\u00adl\u00admers\u00addor\u00adfer Forst. Obo\u00adje<strong> Dzi\u0119\u00adcio\u0142 zie\u00adlo\u00adny<\/strong> (<em>Picus viri\u00addis<\/em>) tak dobrze jak<strong> Ma\u0142y dzi\u0119\u00adcio\u0142<\/strong> (<em>Den\u00addro\u00adco\u00adpus minor<\/em>) nie s\u0105 powszech\u00adne ani na polde\u00adrach, ani w lasach na zbo\u00adczach wzg\u00f3rz, ale wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adj\u0105 na wil\u00adgot\u00adnych obsza\u00adrach las\u00f3w li\u015bcia\u00adstych. Gatun\u00adki go\u0142\u0105b sinia\u00adk\u00f3w i dzi\u0119\u00adcio\u00ad\u0142a czer\u00adpi\u0105 korzy\u00ad\u015bci z nie\u00adu\u017cyt\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adnia las\u00f3w i zwi\u0105\u00adza\u00adne\u00adgo z tym wzro\u00adstu mar\u00adtwe\u00adgo drew\u00adna stoj\u0105cego.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6035\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6035\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3206\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/mittelspecht-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/mittelspecht-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"dzi\u0119cio\u0142 \u015bredni\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/mittelspecht-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/mittelspecht-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 620w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6035\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dzi\u0119\u00adcio\u0142 \u015bredni<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Z<strong> \u017b\u00f3\u0142\u00adte prze\u00ad\u015bmiew\u00adcy<\/strong> (<em>Hip\u00adpo\u00adla\u00adis icte\u00adri\u00adna<\/em>) zamiesz\u00adku\u00adje ro\u015bli\u00adny drze\u00adwia\u00adste z g\u0119st\u0105, dobrze roz\u00adwi\u00adni\u0119\u00adt\u0105 war\u00adstw\u0105 krze\u00adw\u00f3w i prze\u00adwa\u017c\u00adnie lu\u017a\u00adne, wyso\u00adkie drze\u00adwa zar\u00f3w\u00adno w wil\u00adgot\u00adnym, jak i suchym oto\u00adcze\u00adniu, ale nie w zamkni\u0119\u00adtych lasach. Na obsza\u00adrze polde\u00adro\u00adwym roz\u00admna\u00ad\u017ca si\u0119 na \u0142\u0105kach igla\u00adstych, na zbo\u00adczach roz\u00admna\u00ad\u017ca si\u0119 w miej\u00adscach, gdzie wil\u00adgot\u00adne lasy gra\u00adni\u00adcz\u0105 z otwar\u00adtym kra\u00adjo\u00adbra\u00adzem \u0142\u0105ko\u00adwym, a obsza\u00adry przej\u00ad\u015bcio\u00adwe s\u0105 dobrze ustruk\u00adtu\u00adry\u00adzo\u00adwa\u00adne przez krze\u00adwy, na przy\u00adk\u0142ad na po\u0142u\u00addnio\u00adwym skra\u00adju lasu Gellmersdorfer.<\/p>\n<p>Z<strong> wil\u00adga<\/strong> (<em>Orio\u00adlus orio\u00adlus<\/em>) i<strong> Sza\u00adro\u00ad\u0142ap<\/strong> (<em>Musci\u00adca\u00adpa stria\u00adta<\/em>) gniaz\u00addo na tere\u00adnach polde\u00adro\u00adwych, a tak\u00ad\u017ce w lasach na zbo\u00adczach. Podob\u00adne twier\u00addze\u00adnia jak<strong> Mucho\u00ad\u0142\u00f3w\u00adka minia\u00adtu\u00adro\u00adwa<\/strong> (<em>Fice\u00addu\u00adla parva<\/em>) i<strong> Mucho\u00ad\u0142\u00f3w\u00adka \u017ca\u0142ob\u00adna<\/strong> (<em>Fice\u00addu\u00adla hypo\u00adleu\u00adca<\/em>) zazna\u00adczy\u0107<strong> Las\u00f3w\u00adka<\/strong> (<em>Phy\u00adle\u00adosco\u00adpus sibi\u00adla\u00adtrix<\/em>). Wszy\u00adscy pre\u00adfe\u00adru\u00adj\u0105 lasy buko\u00adwe i gr\u0105\u00addy na zbo\u00adczach doli\u00adny Odry, nie tyl\u00adko ze wzgl\u0119\u00addu na ich wie\u00adlo\u00adpo\u00adzio\u00admo\u00adw\u0105 struk\u00adtu\u00adr\u0119 wie\u00adko\u00adw\u0105 z s\u0142a\u00adbo roz\u00adwi\u00adni\u0119\u00adt\u0105 lub nawet w du\u017cej mie\u00adrze nie\u00adobec\u00adn\u0105 war\u00adstw\u0105 krze\u00adw\u00f3w i zi\u00f3\u0142. Jego g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adny obszar dys\u00adtry\u00adbu\u00adcji znaj\u00addu\u00adje si\u0119 w Lesie Gellmersdorfer.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Siko\u00adra bagien\u00adna<\/strong> (<em>Parus palu\u00adstris<\/em>) oraz<strong> Wierz\u00adba siko\u00adra<\/strong> (<em>Parus mon\u00adta\u00adnus<\/em>) zamiesz\u00adku\u00adj\u0105 lasy li\u015bcia\u00adste i mie\u00adsza\u00adne Doli\u00adny Dol\u00adnej Odry. Ich g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adne obsza\u00adry wyst\u0119\u00adpo\u00adwa\u00adnia wza\u00adjem\u00adnie si\u0119 uzu\u00adpe\u0142\u00adnia\u00adj\u0105: Na tere\u00adnach zale\u00adwo\u00adwych las\u00f3w igla\u00adstych obsza\u00adru polde\u00adro\u00adwe\u00adgo domi\u00adnu\u00adje siko\u00adra wierz\u00adbo\u00adwa, w lasach na zbo\u00adczach g\u00f3rzysta.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6111\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6111\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3245\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/meise-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/meise-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"Sikorki\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/meise-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/meise-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 600w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6111\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sikor\u00adki<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Zimo\u00adwe i let\u00adnie z\u0142o\u00adte kur\u00adcza\u00adki<\/strong> (<em>Regu\u00adlus regu\u00adlus, Regu\u00adlus igni\u00adca\u00adpil\u00adlus<\/em>) s\u0105 zwi\u0105\u00adza\u00adne w swo\u00adim wyst\u0119\u00adpo\u00adwa\u00adniu ze \u015bwier\u00adkiem i dagle\u00adzj\u0105, a tak\u00ad\u017ce<strong> gil<\/strong> (<em>Pyr\u00adr\u00adhu\u00adla pyr\u00adr\u00adhu\u00adla<\/em>) i<strong> Krzy\u00ad\u017co\u00addzi\u00f3b<\/strong> (<em>Loxia curvi\u00adro\u00adstra<\/em>). Wi\u0119k\u00adszo\u015b\u0107 par l\u0119go\u00adwych zna\u00adle\u00adzio\u00adno w G\u00f3rach Den\u00adsen, G\u00f3rach Peter i Lesie Gellmersdorfer.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6025\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6025\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3200\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/gimpel-dompfaff-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/gimpel-dompfaff-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"Gil \/ Gil\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/gimpel-dompfaff-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/gimpel-dompfaff-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 496w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6025\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gil \/&nbsp;Gil<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Z<strong> Kania czar\u00adna<\/strong> (<em>Milvus migrans<\/em>) i bar\u00addziej powszech\u00adne<strong> Kania ruda<\/strong> (<em>Milvus milvus<\/em>) roz\u00admna\u00ad\u017ca\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 w lasach otwar\u00adte\u00adgo kra\u00adjo\u00adbra\u00adzu i na skra\u00adju lasu. Kanie rude s\u0105 szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adnie \u0142atwe do zauwa\u00ad\u017ce\u00adnia nad suchym polderem.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6075\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6075\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3226\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/roter-milan-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/roter-milan-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"Czerwony Mediolan\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/roter-milan-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/roter-milan-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 537w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6075\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Czer\u00adwo\u00adny Mediolan<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Z<strong> myszo\u00ad\u0142\u00f3w zwy\u00adczaj\u00adny<\/strong> (<em>buteo buteo<\/em>) jest naj\u00adpo\u00adspo\u00adlit\u00adszym pta\u00adkiem dra\u00adpie\u017c\u00adnym w Doli\u00adnie Dol\u00adnej Odry. W\u0142a\u00ad\u015bnie tak<strong> Jastrz\u0105b<\/strong> (<em>Acci\u00adpi\u00adter gen\u00adti\u00adlis<\/em>) i<strong> br\u0105\u00adzo\u00adwa sowa<\/strong> (<em>Strix alu\u00adco<\/em>) roz\u00admna\u00ad\u017ca si\u0119 g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adnie w boga\u00adto ustruk\u00adtu\u00adry\u00adzo\u00adwa\u00adnych lasach li\u015bcia\u00adstych i mie\u00adsza\u00adnych na zbo\u00adczach doli\u00adny Odry. Pusz\u00adczyk polu\u00adje zar\u00f3w\u00adno w lasach na zbo\u00adczach wzg\u00f3rz, jak i na tere\u00adnach polde\u00adro\u00adwych, a<strong> Kruk pospo\u00adli\u00adty<\/strong> (<em>Corvus Corax<\/em>) kon\u00adcen\u00adtro\u00adwa\u0142 si\u0119 na lasach sto\u00adko\u00adwych, ale tak\u00ad\u017ce coraz bar\u00addziej zalud\u00adnia\u0142 bez\u00adpo\u00ad\u015bred\u00adnie tere\u00adny zale\u00adwo\u00adwe (np. polder 5\/6).<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6049\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6049\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3213\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/maeusebussard-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/maeusebussard-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"myszo\u0142\u00f3w zwyczajny\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/maeusebussard-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/maeusebussard-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 611w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6049\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">myszo\u00ad\u0142\u00f3w zwyczajny<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong><\/strong><\/p><div class=\"fusion-menu-anchor\" id=\"trockenrasen\"><\/div>Sucha tra\u00adwa\n<p>Z<strong> Skr\u0119\u00adca\u00adnie szyi<\/strong> (<em>Jynx Torqu\u00adil\u00adla<\/em>) zamiesz\u00adku\u00adje nie\u00adjed\u00adno\u00adli\u00adte, boga\u00adte w mr\u00f3w\u00adki suche mura\u00adwy z przy\u00adle\u00adg\u0142y\u00admi krze\u00adwa\u00admi i gru\u00adby\u00admi, boga\u00adty\u00admi w jaski\u00adnie pnia\u00admi. W Doli\u00adnie Dol\u00adnej Odry wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adnie na lek\u00adkich zbo\u00adczach las\u00f3w i na zr\u0119\u00adbach w G\u0119stych G\u00f3rach, tak\u00ad\u017ce na zbo\u00adczach suchych i spo\u00adra\u00addycz\u00adnie, g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adnie w pobli\u00ad\u017cu wa\u0142\u00f3w, nawet na tere\u00adnach polderowych.<\/p>\n<p>Ten<strong> Ler\u00adka<\/strong> (<em>Arbo\u00adrea Lul\u00adlu\u00adla<\/em>) kolo\u00adni\u00adzu\u00adje kse\u00adro\u00adter\u00admicz\u00adne mura\u00adwy, obrze\u00ad\u017ca lu\u017a\u00adnych bor\u00f3w sosno\u00adwych, wrzo\u00adso\u00adwi\u00adska, zr\u0119\u00adby zupe\u0142\u00adne i wyra\u017a\u00adnie zary\u00adso\u00adwa\u00adne obrze\u00ad\u017ca las\u00f3w. Istot\u00adna jest lu\u017a\u00adna war\u00adstwa ziel\u00adna z co naj\u00admniej 10% udzia\u00ad\u0142em piasz\u00adczy\u00adstych tere\u00adn\u00f3w wol\u00adnych od ro\u015blin\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci oraz lu\u017a\u00adne drze\u00adwa i krze\u00adwy. Naj\u00adlep\u00adszym spo\u00adso\u00adbem spe\u0142\u00adnie\u00adnia wyma\u00adga\u0144 bio\u00adto\u00adpu s\u0105 tara\u00adsy pia\u00adsko\u00adwe na skra\u00adju doli\u00adny na p\u00f3\u0142\u00adnoc od Frie\u00addrich\u00adsthal, kt\u00f3\u00adre s\u0105 lu\u017a\u00adno poro\u00ad\u015bni\u0119\u00adte sosna\u00admi. Poza tym skow\u00adro\u00adnek zamiesz\u00adku\u00adje odpo\u00adwied\u00adnie obsza\u00adry obrze\u00ad\u017cy lasu i otwar\u00adte prze\u00adstrze\u00adnie, na przy\u00adk\u0142ad w g\u00f3rach Peter\u00adberg i na piasz\u00adczy\u00adstym obsza\u00adrze alu\u00adwial\u00adnym na polde\u00adrze w pobli\u00ad\u017cu St\u00fctzkowa.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6101\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6101\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3240\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/haubenlerche-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/haubenlerche-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"Skowronek czubaty\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/haubenlerche-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/haubenlerche-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 640w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6101\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Skow\u00adro\u00adnek czubaty<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Z<strong> \u015awier\u00adgot\u00adka \u0142\u0105ko\u00adwa<\/strong> (<em>Anthus pra\u00adten\u00adsis<\/em>) kolo\u00adni\u00adzu\u00adje wil\u00adgot\u00adne, ale nie pod\u00admo\u00adk\u0142e mura\u00adwy, pod warun\u00adkiem, \u017ce ro\u015blin\u00adno\u015b\u0107 nie jest zbyt wyso\u00adka i nie\u00adzbyt g\u0119sta. Roz\u00admna\u00ad\u017ca si\u0119 w du\u017cych sta\u00addach na polde\u00adrze suchym i na polde\u00adrze 5\/6, polde\u00adry zale\u00adwo\u00adwe s\u0105 ju\u017c pra\u00adwie nie zaludnione.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6047\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6047\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3212\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wiesenpieper-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wiesenpieper-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"\u015awiergotka \u0142\u0105kowa\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wiesenpieper-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wiesenpieper-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 415w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6047\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u015awier\u00adgot\u00adka \u0142\u0105kowa<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Ten<strong> Plisz\u00adka \u017c\u00f3\u0142\u00adta<\/strong> (<em>fla\u00adva Mota\u00adcil\u00adla<\/em>) zamiesz\u00adku\u00adje otwar\u00adte kra\u00adjo\u00adbra\u00adzy obsza\u00adru polde\u00adro\u00adwe\u00adgo, w tym na polde\u00adrze suchym, zw\u0142asz\u00adcza na przed\u00adg\u00f3\u00adrzu Odry. Naj\u00adwi\u0119k\u00adsze zag\u0119sz\u00adcze\u00adnie gatu\u00adnek osi\u0105\u00adga na wil\u00adgot\u00adnych \u0142\u0105kach (por. Dit\u00adt\u00adber\u00adner i Dit\u00adt\u00adber\u00adner&nbsp;1991).<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6113\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6113\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3246\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/schafstelze1-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/schafstelze1-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"Pliszka \u017c\u00f3\u0142ta\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/schafstelze1-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/schafstelze1-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 428w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6113\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Plisz\u00adka&nbsp;\u017c\u00f3\u0142ta<\/p><\/div>\n<p>To<strong> Pokl\u0105\u00adskot<\/strong> (<em>Saxi\u00advo\u00adla rube\u00adtra<\/em>) Roz\u00admna\u00ad\u017ca si\u0119 w wyso\u00adkich kory\u00adta\u00adrzach ziel\u00adnych na wil\u00adgot\u00adnych i suchych obsza\u00adrach tra\u00adwia\u00adstych z wysta\u00adj\u0105\u00adcy\u00admi \u0142ody\u00adga\u00admi, pali\u00adka\u00admi lub poje\u00addyn\u00adczy\u00admi krze\u00adwa\u00admi jako oko\u00adnia\u00admi. Uni\u00adka wil\u00adgot\u00adnych obsza\u00adr\u00f3w polde\u00adru mokre\u00adgo i wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adnie na polde\u00adrze Frie\u00addrich\u00adstha\u00adler i na suchych zboczach.<\/p>\n<p>Ten<strong> Sza\u00adra cho\u00adr\u0105\u00adgiew\u00adka<\/strong> (<em>Embe\u00adri\u00adza calan\u00addra<\/em>) kolo\u00adni\u00adzu\u00adje kra\u00adjo\u00adbraz rol\u00adni\u00adczy, omi\u00adja pod\u00admo\u00adk\u0142e i wil\u00adgot\u00adne tere\u00adny zie\u00adlo\u00adne oraz pre\u00adfe\u00adru\u00adje mura\u00adwy kse\u00adro\u00adter\u00admicz\u00adne z nie\u00adjed\u00adno\u00adli\u00adt\u0105 ro\u015blin\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci\u0105, jaka wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje w doli\u00adnie dol\u00adnej Odry, zw\u0142asz\u00adcza na suchych zboczach.<\/p>\n<p>Dla szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adnie rzad\u00adkich du\u017cych pta\u00adk\u00f3w usta\u00adno\u00adwio\u00adno stre\u00adfy ochro\u00adny gniazd zgod\u00adnie z bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adsk\u0105 usta\u00adw\u0105 o ochro\u00adnie przyrody.<\/p>\n<p>Ten<strong> b\u0142ot\u00adniak b\u0142ot\u00adny<\/strong> (<em>Cyrk aeru\u00adgi\u00adno\u00adsus<\/em>) gniaz\u00addu\u00adje na wi\u0119k\u00adszych obsza\u00adrach trzci\u00adno\u00adwych doli\u00adny zale\u00adwo\u00adwej Odry, obec\u00adnie \u0142\u0105cz\u00adnie jest dzie\u00adwi\u0119\u0107 par l\u0119go\u00adwych. Popu\u00adla\u00adcja l\u0119go\u00adwa wzro\u00ads\u0142a w ostat\u00adnich latach.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6081\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6081\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3230\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/rohrweihe-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/rohrweihe-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"b\u0142otniak b\u0142otny\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/rohrweihe-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/rohrweihe-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 512w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6081\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">b\u0142ot\u00adniak b\u0142otny<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Z<strong> d\u017awig<\/strong> (<em>Grus grus<\/em>) roz\u00admna\u00ad\u017ca si\u0119 w trzci\u00adno\u00adwi\u00adskach, w wil\u00adgot\u00adnych olsach lub w lasach \u0142\u0119go\u00adwych, przez co potrze\u00adbu\u00adje wody sto\u00adj\u0105\u00adcej i otwar\u00adtych prze\u00adstrze\u00adni do \u017cero\u00adwa\u00adnia w bez\u00adpo\u00ad\u015bred\u00adnim s\u0105siedz\u00adtwie. Obec\u00adnie wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje z 51 para\u00admi l\u0119gowymi\/parami tery\u00adto\u00adrial\u00adny\u00admi zar\u00f3w\u00adno na obsza\u00adrze polde\u00adro\u00adwym, jak i na wil\u00adgot\u00adnych obsza\u00adrach kra\u00adw\u0119\u00addzi las\u00f3w na zbo\u00adczach (Hafer\u00adland nie\u00adpu\u00adbli\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adne). Na tere\u00adnie sta\u00adrej dziel\u00adni\u00adcy Anger\u00adm\u00fcn\u00adde i mia\u00adsta Schwedt w 1994 roku wyl\u0119\u00adg\u0142o si\u0119 od 70 do 75 \u017cura\u00adwi, oko\u00ad\u0142o 15% lud\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii. W Doli\u00adnie Dol\u00adnej Odry znaj\u00addu\u00adje si\u0119 jed\u00adno z du\u017cych \u015br\u00f3d\u00adl\u0105\u00addo\u00adwych miejsc zbio\u00adro\u00adwisk i spo\u00adczyn\u00adku \u017cura\u00adwia, odwie\u00addza\u00adne od co naj\u00admniej 80 lat (Robien 1928; Hafer\u00adland 1984). W\u0142a\u00ad\u015bci\u00adwe miej\u00adsce do spa\u00adnia znaj\u00addu\u00adje si\u0119 w Zwi\u00adsche\u00adno\u00adder\u00adland, ze wzgl\u0119\u00addu na roz\u00adci\u0119\u00adcie wa\u0142\u00f3w na polde\u00adrze 8, zala\u00adny obszar jest r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c wyko\u00adrzy\u00adsty\u00adwa\u00adny jako miej\u00adsce do spa\u00adnia. Od dw\u00f3ch lat kil\u00adka\u00adset \u017cura\u00adwi \u015bpi na pod\u00admo\u00adk\u0142ych \u0142\u0105kach turzy\u00adco\u00adwych na Polde\u00adrze 5\/6. Obsza\u00adry \u017cywie\u00adnio\u00adwe znaj\u00addu\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 na grun\u00adtach ornych, cz\u0119\u00ad\u015bcio\u00adwo tak\u00ad\u017ce na \u0142\u0105kach, zw\u0142asz\u00adcza w obsza\u00adrze mi\u0119\u00addzy Gartz, Tan\u00adtow i Case\u00adkow (Hafer\u00adland 1995). \u017bura\u00adwie mo\u017c\u00adna obser\u00adwo\u00adwa\u0107 wio\u00adsn\u0105 i jesie\u00adni\u0105 w godzi\u00adnach wie\u00adczor\u00adnych z gro\u00adbli bez\u00adpo\u00ad\u015bred\u00adnio na po\u0142u\u00addnie od Gartz, ze zbo\u00adczy Sil\u00adber\u00adberg lub ze Stet\u00adti\u00adner Berg ko\u0142o Mescherin.<br>\nWi\u0119\u00adcej infor\u00adma\u00adcji mo\u017c\u00adna zna\u00adle\u017a\u0107 r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c na stro\u00adnie <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/dzikiej-przyrody\/migracja-ptakow\/\">W\u0119dr\u00f3w\u00adki pta\u00adk\u00f3w<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6071\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6071\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3224\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/kranich-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/kranich-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"d\u017awig\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/kranich-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/kranich-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 519w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6071\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">d\u017awig<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Z<strong> Orze\u0142 bie\u00adlik<\/strong> (<em>Halia\u00adeetus albi\u00adcil\u00adla<\/em>) ma pi\u0119\u0107 miejsc l\u0119go\u00adwych w obsza\u00adrze rdze\u00adnia, gniaz\u00adda innych gniazd or\u0142\u00f3w bie\u00adli\u00adk\u00f3w, kt\u00f3\u00adre mo\u017c\u00adna zaob\u00adser\u00adwo\u00adwa\u0107 nad doli\u00adn\u0105 Dol\u00adnej Odry, znaj\u00addu\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 w roz\u00adle\u00adg\u0142ych lasach zbo\u00adczo\u00adwych na wsch\u00f3d od Odry. Obser\u00adwa\u00adcja bie\u00adli\u00adka nie nale\u00ad\u017cy do rzad\u00adko\u00ad\u015bci iz pew\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci\u0105 sta\u00adno\u00adwi jed\u00adn\u0105 z g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adnych atrak\u00adcji wypra\u00adwy do Doli\u00adny Dol\u00adnej Odry (por. Dit\u00adt\u00adber\u00adner i Dit\u00adt\u00adber\u00adner&nbsp;1986).<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6107\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6107\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3243\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/seeadler-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/seeadler-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"Orze\u0142 bielik\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/seeadler-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/seeadler-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 396w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6107\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Orze\u0142 bie\u00adlik<\/p><\/div>\n<p>R\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c<strong> Orlik krzy\u00adkli\u00adwy<\/strong> (<em>Aqu\u00adila poma\u00adri\u00adna<\/em>) obec\u00adnie nie gniaz\u00addu\u00adje ju\u017c na tym tere\u00adnie, ale spo\u00adra\u00addycz\u00adnie uda\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 obser\u00adwa\u00adcje, nie tyl\u00adko w cza\u00adsie migra\u00adcji, w doli\u00adnie Odry. Jest repre\u00adzen\u00adto\u00adwa\u00adna przez par\u0119 hodow\u00adla\u00adn\u0105<strong> Bocian czar\u00adny<\/strong> (<em>Cico\u00adnia czar\u00adna<\/em>), kt\u00f3\u00adry wyko\u00adrzy\u00adstu\u00adje g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adnie wil\u00adgot\u00adne i pod\u00admo\u00adk\u0142e obsza\u00adry pery\u00adfe\u00adryj\u00adne do \u017cero\u00adwa\u00adnia. Lasy na zbo\u00adczach wzg\u00f3rz ofe\u00adru\u00adj\u0105 opty\u00admal\u00adne tere\u00adny l\u0119go\u00adwe dla wszyst\u00adkich trzech gatun\u00adk\u00f3w, zw\u0142asz\u00adcza ze wzgl\u0119\u00addu na boga\u00adt\u0105 mozai\u00adk\u0119 r\u00f3\u017c\u00adnych ele\u00admen\u00adt\u00f3w kra\u00adjo\u00adbra\u00adzu. Zacho\u00adwa\u00adnie ich w nie\u00adna\u00adru\u00adszo\u00adnym sta\u00adnie jest wa\u017c\u00adnym zada\u00adniem ochro\u00adny przyrody.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6041\" style=\"width: 393px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6041\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3209\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/schreiadler-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/schreiadler-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg\" alt=\"Orlik krzykliwy\" width=\"383\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20383%20273%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27383%27%20height%3D%27273%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/schreiadler-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/schreiadler-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 588w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 383px) 100vw, 383px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6041\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Orlik krzy\u00adkli\u00adwy<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Dal\u00adsze obser\u00adwa\u00adcje i publi\u00adka\u00adcje dost\u0119p\u00adne s\u0105 dla \u0142ab\u0119\u00addzia krzy\u00adkli\u00adwe\u00adgo KRUMMHOLZA (1981), \u0142ab\u0119\u00addzia kar\u00ad\u0142o\u00adwa\u00adte\u00adgo DITTBERNERA i DITTBERNERA (1984), prze\u00adpi\u00f3r\u00adki HAFERLANDA (1986), ostry\u00adgo\u00adja\u00add\u00f3w, ohar i rybi\u00adtwy DITTBERNERA i DITTBERNERA (1986) ), kor\u00admo\u00adra\u00adna KRUMMHOLZA (1988), dubel\u00adta KUBE (1991) i p\u0142o\u00admy\u00adk\u00f3w\u00adki SCHMIDT (1995).<\/p>\n<p><strong><\/strong><\/p><div class=\"fusion-menu-anchor\" id=\"wasservogelzaehlung\"><\/div>Spis pta\u00adk\u00f3w wodnych\n<p>Od po\u0142o\u00adwy lat sze\u015b\u0107\u00addzie\u00adsi\u0105\u00adtych orni\u00adto\u00adlo\u00addzy-wolon\u00adta\u00adriu\u00adsze pro\u00adwa\u00addz\u0105 licze\u00adnie ptac\u00adtwa wod\u00adne\u00adgo odpo\u00adczy\u00adwa\u00adj\u0105\u00adce\u00adgo, migru\u00adj\u0105\u00adce\u00adgo i zimu\u00adj\u0105\u00adce\u00adgo, a od 1975 r. prze\u00adpro\u00adwa\u00addza\u00adj\u0105 comie\u00adsi\u0119cz\u00adne bada\u00adnia mi\u0119\u00addzy pa\u017a\u00addzier\u00adni\u00adkiem a mar\u00adcem w ramach mi\u0119\u00addzy\u00adna\u00adro\u00addo\u00adwych spi\u00ads\u00f3w pta\u00adk\u00f3w wod\u00adnych. Orga\u00adni\u00adza\u00adcja tego spi\u00adsu jest w r\u0119kach D. Krum\u00adm\u00adhol\u00adza. W ci\u0105\u00adgu pierw\u00adszych dzie\u00adsi\u0119\u00adciu lat tego pro\u00adgra\u00admu wolon\u00adta\u00adriu\u00adsze zare\u00adje\u00adstro\u00adwa\u00adli \u0142\u0105cz\u00adnie ponad milion pta\u00adk\u00f3w wod\u00adnych na polde\u00adrach mokrych i na samym jezio\u00adrze Felchowsee.<\/p>\n<p>Obszar ten ma zatem zna\u00adcze\u00adnie euro\u00adpej\u00adskie jako miej\u00adsce roz\u00adro\u00addu, odpo\u00adczyn\u00adku i zimo\u00adwa\u00adnia rzad\u00adkich lub zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adnych gatun\u00adk\u00f3w pta\u00adk\u00f3w. Dla obsza\u00adru nowych kra\u00adj\u00f3w zwi\u0105z\u00adko\u00adwych Doli\u00adna Dol\u00adnej Odry jest naj\u00adwa\u017c\u00adniej\u00adszym wio\u00adsen\u00adnym miej\u00adscem odpo\u00adczyn\u00adku bro\u00addz\u0105\u00adcych i ptac\u00adtwa wod\u00adne\u00adgo w g\u0142\u0119\u00adbi l\u0105du i jed\u00adno\u00adcze\u00ad\u015bnie wa\u017c\u00adn\u0105 osi\u0105 migra\u00adcyj\u00adn\u0105 w sys\u00adte\u00admie migra\u00adcji pta\u00adk\u00f3w europejskich.<\/p>\n<p>W ramach prac do pla\u00adnu utrzy\u00adma\u00adnia i zago\u00adspo\u00adda\u00adro\u00adwa\u00adnia w sezo\u00adnie 1993\/94 na o\u015bmiu obsza\u00adrach Doli\u00adny Dol\u00adnej Odry wyko\u00adna\u00adno 158 pomia\u00adr\u00f3w pta\u00adk\u00f3w wod\u00adnych. Opr\u00f3cz obsza\u00adru polde\u00adro\u00adwe\u00adgo mi\u0119\u00addzy Lunow i Gartz bada\u00adnia\u00admi obj\u0119\u00adto r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c sta\u00adwy ryb\u00adne Fel\u00adchow\u00adsee, Lan\u00addi\u00adner Haus\u00adsee i Stolper.<\/p>\n<p>Naj\u00adwi\u0119k\u00adsze zna\u00adcze\u00adnie jako miej\u00adsca odpo\u00adczyn\u00adku zim\u0105 i wio\u00adsn\u0105 maj\u0105 polde\u00adry wil\u00adgot\u00adne. Nast\u0119\u00adpu\u00adj\u0105\u00adce sie\u00addem gatun\u00adk\u00f3w spe\u0142\u00adnia\u00ad\u0142o kry\u00adte\u00adrium 1% Kon\u00adwen\u00adcji Ram\u00adsar pra\u00adwie co roku w latach 1990\u20131994: \u0141ab\u0119d\u017a krzy\u00adkli\u00adwy (<em>Cygnus cygnus<\/em>), G\u0119\u015b Faso\u00adlo\u00adwa (<em>Anser faba\u00adlis<\/em>), G\u0119\u015b bia\u00ad\u0142o\u00adczel\u00adna (<em>Anser albi\u00adfro\u00adny<\/em>), Gad\u00adfly (<em>Anas stre\u00adpe\u00adra<\/em>), Pin\u00adta\u00adil (<em>Anas ostry<\/em>), \u0142opa\u00adta (<em>Anas cly\u00adpe\u00adata<\/em>) i ser\u00addusz\u00adka (<em>Aythya feri\u00adna<\/em>). Sze\u015b\u0107 innych gatun\u00adk\u00f3w osi\u0105\u00adga t\u0119 sam\u0105 war\u00adto\u015b\u0107 w poszcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adnych latach.<\/p>\n<p>Polde\u00adry wil\u00adgot\u00adne s\u0105 r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c wa\u017c\u00adne dla czte\u00adrech rodza\u00adj\u00f3w Limi\u00adko\u00adlen w dro\u00addze do domu oraz dla \u015bwier\u00adgo\u00adtek g\u00f3r\u00adskich&nbsp;zim\u0105.<\/p>\n<p>Pod\u00adsu\u00admo\u00adwa\u00adnie wyni\u00adk\u00f3w spi\u00adsu pta\u00adk\u00f3w wod\u00adnych z lat 1975\u20132015 opu\u00adbli\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adno w Rocz\u00adni\u00adku Par\u00adku Naro\u00addo\u00adwe\u00adgo Doli\u00adny Dol\u00adnej Odry (KRUMMHOLZ 2016).<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6121\" style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6121\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3271\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wasservogelzaehlung-tabelle01-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.png\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wasservogelzaehlung-tabelle01-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.png\" alt=\"Tabela 1: Spis ptak\u00f3w wodnych\" width=\"600\" height=\"1129\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%271129%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20600%201129%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%271129%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wasservogelzaehlung-tabelle01-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x376.png 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wasservogelzaehlung-tabelle01-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-266x500.png 266w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wasservogelzaehlung-tabelle01-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-400x753.png 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wasservogelzaehlung-tabelle01-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-544x1024.png 544w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wasservogelzaehlung-tabelle01-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.png 600w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6121\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tabe\u00adla 1: Spis pta\u00adk\u00f3w wodnych<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_6123\" style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6123\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-3272\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wasservogelzaehlung-tabelle02-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.png\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wasservogelzaehlung-tabelle02-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.png\" alt=\"Tabela 2: Spis ptak\u00f3w wodnych\" width=\"600\" height=\"631\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27631%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20600%20631%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27600%27%20height%3D%27631%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wasservogelzaehlung-tabelle02-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x210.png 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wasservogelzaehlung-tabelle02-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-400x421.png 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wasservogelzaehlung-tabelle02-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-475x500.png 475w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wasservogelzaehlung-tabelle02-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.png 600w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6123\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tabe\u00adla 2: Spis pta\u00adk\u00f3w wodnych<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Tabe\u00adla:<\/strong> Sza\u00adco\u00adwa\u00adna mak\u00adsy\u00admal\u00adna licz\u00adba osob\u00adni\u00adk\u00f3w r\u00f3\u017c\u00adnych gatun\u00adk\u00f3w pta\u00adk\u00f3w na obsza\u00adrze pod\u00admo\u00adk\u0142ym o zna\u00adcze\u00adniu mi\u0119\u00addzy\u00adna\u00adro\u00addo\u00adwym (FIB) \u201eUnte\u00adres Ode\u00adrtal\u201d z lat 1990\u20131996 (OAG Uckermark):<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"table-1\">\n<table class=\"tg\" style=\"margin-bottom: 30px;\" width=\"100%\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"tg-1wig\">Sztu\u00adka<\/th>\n<th class=\"tg-1wig\">Numer<\/th>\n<th class=\"tg-1wig\"><\/th>\n<th class=\"tg-1wig\">Sztu\u00adka<\/th>\n<th class=\"tg-1wig\">numer<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">Bekas<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">300<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\"><\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">Cyra\u00adnecz\u00adka<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">4.720<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">G\u0119\u015b bia\u00ad\u0142o\u00adczel\u00adna<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">40.000<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\"><\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">\u015amiesz\u00adka<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">12.000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">Bla\u00adda&nbsp;szyna<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">7.100<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\"><\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">\u0141opa\u00adta<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">3.000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">Bro\u00addzik do drewna<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">500<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\"><\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">Wige\u00adon<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">8.000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">Ciem\u00adny \u0142ow\u00adca&nbsp;wodny<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">45<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\"><\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">Czer\u00adni\u00adca kaczka<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">10.030<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">Nuro\u00adg\u0119\u015b<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">1.317<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\"><\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">G\u0119\u015b zbo\u00ad\u017co\u00adwa<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">28.300<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">Sza\u00adra&nbsp;g\u0119\u015b<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">700<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\"><\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">Z\u0142o\u00adto-nie\u00adbie\u00adska kaczka<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">1.381<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">Cza\u00adpla&nbsp;siwa<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">568<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\"><\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">Giez<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">544<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">Zie\u00adlo\u00adno\u00adno\u00adgi<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">118<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\"><\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">\u0141ab\u0119d\u017a krzy\u00adkli\u00adwy<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">880<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">Per\u00adkoz dwuczuby<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">95<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\"><\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">Ro\u017ce\u00adniec<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">4.330<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">\u0141ab\u0119d\u017a nie\u00admy<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">800<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\"><\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">Krzy\u00ad\u017c\u00f3w\u00adka<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">17.000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">Bata\u00adlion<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">2.300<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\"><\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">Mewa zwy\u00adczaj\u00adna<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">7.000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">Czaj\u00adka<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">10.000<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\"><\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">Pochard<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">12.300<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">Kacz\u00adka turkusowa<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">80<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\"><\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">Wodo\u00adci\u0105g<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">505<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">Kor\u00admo\u00adran<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">563<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\"><\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">Pogrom\u00adca krasnolud\u00f3w<\/td>\n<td class=\"tg-0lax\">199<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>Fel\u00adchow\u00adsee i Lan\u00addi\u00adner Haus\u00adsee w pag\u00f3r\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adtym regio\u00adnie Ucker\u00admark s\u0105 r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c wa\u017c\u00adny\u00admi miej\u00adsca\u00admi odpo\u00adczyn\u00adku dla wie\u00adlu gatun\u00adk\u00f3w pta\u00adk\u00f3w wod\u00adnych, zw\u0142asz\u00adcza latem i jesie\u00adni\u0105, kie\u00addy mokre polde\u00adry s\u0105 sztucz\u00adnie utrzy\u00admy\u00adwa\u00adne w sta\u00adnie suchym, a popu\u00adla\u00adcje odpo\u00adczy\u00adwa\u00adj\u0105\u00adce s\u0105 nie\u00adwiel\u00adkie tyl\u00adko na wio\u00adsn\u0119. Oba jezio\u00adra i obszar polde\u00adro\u00adwy uzu\u00adpe\u0142\u00adnia\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119 sezo\u00adno\u00adwo pod wzgl\u0119\u00addem zna\u00adcze\u00adnia dla pta\u00adk\u00f3w w\u0119drow\u00adnych. Szyb\u00adkie wypom\u00adpo\u00adwy\u00adwa\u00adnie wody na wio\u00adsn\u0119 eli\u00admi\u00adnu\u00adje mo\u017c\u00adli\u00adwo\u015b\u0107 odpo\u00adczyn\u00adku dla gatun\u00adk\u00f3w p\u00f3\u017a\u00adno migru\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych, wypom\u00adpo\u00adwy\u00adwa\u00adnie latem zapo\u00adbie\u00adga two\u00adrze\u00adniu si\u0119 mokrych plam i obni\u00ad\u017ca war\u00adto\u015b\u0107 polde\u00adr\u00f3w jako miej\u00adsca odpo\u00adczyn\u00adku o tej porze roku i w okre\u00adsie let\u00adnim. jesien\u00adna migra\u00adcja. Wypom\u00adpo\u00adwy\u00adwa\u00adnie zala\u00adnych polde\u00adr\u00f3w powin\u00adno by\u0107 jak naj\u00adszyb\u00adciej wstrzy\u00adma\u00adne z orni\u00adto\u00adlo\u00adgicz\u00adne\u00adgo punk\u00adtu widzenia.<\/p>\n<a class=\"fb-icon-element-6 fb-icon-element fontawesome-icon fa-arrow-up fas circle-no fusion-text-flow fusion-link\" style=\"--awb-iconcolor:#37731E;--awb-iconcolor-hover:#c00100;--awb-font-size:16px;--awb-margin-right:10px;\" href=\"#tab-b21c54c927059cd9f8c\" aria-label=\"Link to #tab-b21c54c927059cd9f8c\" target=\"_self\"><\/a><a href=\"#tab-b21c54c927059cd9f8c\">powr\u00f3t do&nbsp;g\u00f3ry<\/a>\n<\/div><div class=\"nav fusion-mobile-tab-nav\"><ul class=\"nav-tabs\" role=\"tablist\"><li role=\"presentation\"><a class=\"tab-link\" data-toggle=\"tab\" role=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-3d88b2e1968565fde7f\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\" id=\"mobile-fusion-tab-ssaki\" href=\"#tab-3d88b2e1968565fde7f\"><h4 class=\"fusion-tab-heading\">Ssaki<\/h4><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"tab-pane fade fusion-clearfix\" role=\"tabpanel\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-labelledby=\"fusion-tab-ssaki\" id=\"tab-3d88b2e1968565fde7f\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload alignright size-full wp-image-3307\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-deer.png\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-deer.png\" alt width=\"218\" height=\"219\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27218%27%20height%3D%27219%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20218%20219%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27218%27%20height%3D%27219%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-deer-66x66.png 66w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-deer-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-deer-200x201.png 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-deer.png 218w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 218px) 100vw, 218px\"><\/p><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-8 sep-underline sep-dotted fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-font-size:24px;\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;font-size:1em;\">Ssaki<\/h2><\/div>\n<p>W ramach tych bada\u0144 doty\u00adcz\u0105\u00adcych pla\u00adnu opie\u00adki i roz\u00adwo\u00adju sys\u00adte\u00adma\u00adtycz\u00adnie reje\u00adstro\u00adwa\u00adno tyl\u00adko ma\u0142e ssa\u00adki; Ponad\u00adto kon\u00adsul\u00adto\u00adwa\u00adno dobro\u00adwol\u00adne egza\u00admi\u00adny indy\u00adwi\u00addu\u00adal\u00adne oraz nie\u00adpu\u00adbli\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adny raport uni\u00adwer\u00adsy\u00adte\u00adt\u00f3w w Hal\u00adle (Saale) i Osna\u00adbr\u00fcck (SCHR\u00d6PFER, R. &amp; M. STUBBE 1996).<\/p>\n<p>W celu zapew\u00adnie\u00adnia sys\u00adte\u00adma\u00adtycz\u00adnej jako\u00ad\u015bcio\u00adwej reje\u00adstra\u00adcji popu\u00adla\u00adcji ma\u0142ych ssa\u00adk\u00f3w, w o\u015bmiu loka\u00adli\u00adza\u00adcjach na trzy dni i noce usta\u00adwio\u00adno 64 \u017cywe pu\u0142ap\u00adki. W\u015br\u00f3d 379 po\u0142o\u00adw\u00f3w sta\u00ad\u0142o si\u0119 dzie\u00adsi\u0119\u0107 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w ma\u0142ych ssa\u00adk\u00f3w plus \u0142asi\u00adca myszy (<em>Muste\u00adla niva\u00adlis<\/em>) okre\u00ad\u015blo\u00adny. W kolej\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci ca\u0142\u00adko\u00adwi\u00adtej cz\u0119\u00adsto\u00ad\u015bci by\u0142y to ryj\u00f3w\u00adki le\u015bne (<em>Sorex krzy\u00ad\u017cak<\/em>), Mysz \u017c\u00f3\u0142\u00adto\u00adszyi (<em>Apo\u00adde\u00admus fla\u00advi\u00adcol\u00adlis<\/em>), nor\u00adni\u00adca ruda (<em>Cle\u00adtrio\u00adno\u00admys gla\u00adre\u00adolus<\/em>), nor\u00adnik nor\u00addyc\u00adki (<em>Micro\u00adtus oeco\u00adno\u00admus<\/em>), Mysz polna (<em>Micro\u00adtus arva\u00adlis<\/em>), Fire\u00admysz (<em>Apo\u00adde\u00admus agra\u00adrius<\/em>), \u017cni\u00adwa mysz (<em>Micro\u00admys minu\u00adtus<\/em>), rz\u0119\u00adso\u00adrek rze\u00adczek (<em>Neo\u00admys fodiens<\/em>), ryj\u00f3w\u00adka kar\u00ad\u0142o\u00adwa\u00adta (<em>Sorex minu\u00adtus<\/em>), Mysz\u00adka \u0142asi\u00adca (<em>Muste\u00adla niva\u00adlis<\/em>) i nor\u00adnik wod\u00adny (<em>Arvi\u00adco\u00adla ter\u00adre\u00adstris<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p>Naj\u00adbo\u00adgat\u00adsze gatun\u00adko\u00adwo obsza\u00adry to tere\u00adny o boga\u00adtej struk\u00adtu\u00adrze z r\u00f3\u017c\u00adny\u00admi ele\u00admen\u00adta\u00admi sie\u00addli\u00adsko\u00adwy\u00admi, taki\u00admi jak trzci\u00adny, wyso\u00adkie byli\u00adny, ro\u015bli\u00adny drze\u00adwia\u00adste i zbior\u00adni\u00adki wod\u00adne, zw\u0142asz\u00adcza obsza\u00adry zale\u00adwo\u00adwe las\u00f3w igla\u00adstych, kt\u00f3\u00adre s\u0105 boga\u00adte w osob\u00adni\u00adki. Obsza\u00adry, kt\u00f3\u00adre by\u0142y okre\u00adso\u00adwo zale\u00adwa\u00adne, by\u0142y ubo\u00adgie w osob\u00adni\u00adki, chy\u00adba \u017ce wy\u017c\u00adsze obsza\u00adry ofe\u00adro\u00adwa\u00ad\u0142y odpo\u00adwied\u00adnie schro\u00adnie\u00adnia. Nie\u00adu\u017cyt\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adne, wil\u00adgot\u00adne mura\u00adwy oka\u00adza\u00ad\u0142y si\u0119 znacz\u00adnie cen\u00adniej\u00adsze w bio\u00adlo\u00adgii ssa\u00adk\u00f3w ni\u017c \u0142\u0105ki&nbsp;ko\u015bne.<\/p>\n<p>Doli\u00adna Dol\u00adnej Odry ma dla ma\u0142ych ssa\u00adk\u00f3w zna\u00adcze\u00adnie kra\u00adjo\u00adwe nie tyle ze wzgl\u0119\u00addu na wyst\u0119\u00adpo\u00adwa\u00adnie zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adnych gatun\u00adk\u00f3w, ile ze wzgl\u0119\u00addu na liczeb\u00adno\u015b\u0107 i wyso\u00adk\u0105 zag\u0119sz\u00adcze\u00adnie popu\u00adla\u00adcji wyma\u00adga\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych miesz\u00adka\u0144\u00adc\u00f3w tere\u00adn\u00f3w pod\u00admo\u00adk\u0142ych, takich jak rz\u0119\u00adso\u00adrek rze\u00adczek, nor\u00adnik \u017cni\u00adwiarz i nor\u00adni\u00adca nor\u00addyc\u00adka, kt\u00f3\u00adra ma pra\u00adwie osi\u0105\u00adgn\u0105\u0142 swo\u00adj\u0105 zachod\u00adni\u0105 gra\u00adni\u00adc\u0119 w Doli\u00adnie Dol\u00adnej&nbsp;Odry.<\/p>\n<p>\u017bywe po\u0142o\u00adwy uzu\u00adpe\u0142\u00adnio\u00adno ana\u00adli\u00adz\u0105 224 trol\u00adli z 706 dra\u00adpie\u017c\u00adni\u00adk\u00f3w, kt\u00f3\u00adre mo\u017c\u00adna by\u0142o przy\u00adpi\u00adsa\u0107 do 622 ma\u0142ych ssa\u00adk\u00f3w. \u017bar\u00f3w\u00adki pocho\u00addzi\u00ad\u0142y z pusz\u00adczy\u00adka (<em>Strix alu\u00adco<\/em>) i p\u0142o\u00admy\u00adk\u00f3w\u00adka (<em>Tyto alba<\/em>). Ryj\u00f3w\u00adka ogro\u00addo\u00adwa (<em>Cro\u00adci\u00addu\u00adra suave\u00adolens<\/em>), Zie\u00admia i mysz domo\u00adwa (<em>Micro\u00adtus agre\u00adstis, Mus muscu\u00adlus<\/em>) zosta\u00ad\u0142y zna\u00adle\u00adzio\u00adne tyl\u00adko w grzbie\u00adtach, a nie w \u017cywych pu\u0142ap\u00adkach. Spek\u00adtrum \u017ceru s\u00f3w tyl\u00adko cz\u0119\u00ad\u015bcio\u00adwo odpo\u00adwia\u00adda sk\u0142a\u00addo\u00adwi ma\u0142ych zbio\u00adro\u00adwisk ssa\u00adk\u00f3w na tere\u00adnach \u0142owiec\u00adkich, na przy\u00adk\u0142ad ryj\u00f3w\u00adki s\u0105 nie\u00addo\u00adre\u00adpre\u00adzen\u00adto\u00adwa\u00adne u puszczyka.<\/p>\n<p>Dla dzi\u00adka (<em>Sus Cro\u00adfa<\/em>), danie\u00adle (<em>Cervus dama<\/em>), Czer\u00adwo\u00adny jele\u0144 (<em>Cervus ela\u00adphus<\/em>) i jele\u00adnie (<em>Capre\u00adolus capre\u00adolus<\/em>) Oce\u00adnio\u00adno sta\u00adty\u00adsty\u00adki \u0142owiec\u00adkie 13 okr\u0119\u00adg\u00f3w \u0142owiec\u00adkich od 1992 roku. Jed\u00adnak kil\u00adka okr\u0119\u00adg\u00f3w \u0142owiec\u00adkich wykra\u00adcza dale\u00adko poza g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adny obszar pro\u00adgra\u00admu nadbrze\u017cnego.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dzik<\/strong> (<em>Sus Cro\u00adfa<\/em>): 148 dzi\u00adk\u00f3w zosta\u00ad\u0142o zastrze\u00adlo\u00adnych w sezo\u00adnie \u0142owiec\u00adkim 1994\/95, znacz\u00adnie mniej ni\u017c w latach poprzed\u00adnich. W roku \u0142owiec\u00adkim 2005\/2006 w par\u00adku naro\u00addo\u00adwym odstrze\u00adlo\u00adno \u0142\u0105cz\u00adnie 275 zwie\u00adrz\u0105t. Dzi\u00adki mo\u017c\u00adna spo\u00adtka\u0107 na ca\u0142ym obsza\u00adrze, zw\u0142asz\u00adcza w nie\u00adkt\u00f3\u00adrych lasach na zbo\u00adczach wzg\u00f3rz, ale tak\u00ad\u017ce na polde\u00adrach suchych i poza okre\u00adsem powo\u00addzi na polde\u00adrach mokrych.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6045\" style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6045\" class=\"lazyload size-medium wp-image-3211\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wildschwein-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x333.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wildschwein-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x333.jpg\" alt=\"Dzik\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27333%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20500%20333%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27333%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wildschwein-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wildschwein-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-400x266.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wildschwein-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wildschwein-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-600x399.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/wildschwein-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 640w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6045\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dzik<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Danie\u00adle<\/strong> (<em>Cervus dama<\/em>): W sezo\u00adnie \u0142owiec\u00adkim 1994\/95 upo\u00adlo\u00adwa\u00adno dwa danie\u00adle, r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c mniej ni\u017c w latach poprzed\u00adnich. W p\u00f3\u017a\u00adniej\u00adszych latach liczeb\u00adno\u015b\u0107 upo\u00adlo\u00adwa\u00adnych zwie\u00adrz\u0105t znacz\u00adnie wzro\u00ads\u0142a, tak \u017ce w latach 2005\/2006 upo\u00adlo\u00adwa\u00adno ich \u0142\u0105cz\u00adnie 38, aw roku \u0142owiec\u00adkim 2009\/2010 \u0142\u0105cz\u00adnie 22 sztu\u00adki. Obec\u00adnie ogni\u00adskiem wyst\u0119\u00adpo\u00adwa\u00adnia danie\u00adli s\u0105 lasy w rejo\u00adnie Sch\u00f6neberg.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6055\" style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6055\" class=\"lazyload size-medium wp-image-3216\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/damwild-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x333.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/damwild-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x333.jpg\" alt=\"Daniele\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27333%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20500%20333%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27333%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/damwild-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/damwild-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/damwild-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/damwild-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 600w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6055\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Danie\u00adle<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Czer\u00adwo\u00adny jele\u0144<\/strong> (<em>Cervus ela\u00adphus<\/em>): Zasi\u0119g jele\u00adnia na tym obsza\u00adrze jest r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c niski iw ci\u0105\u00adgu ostat\u00adnich kil\u00adku lat w roku polo\u00adwa\u0144 2006\/2007 odno\u00adto\u00adwa\u00adno mak\u00adsy\u00admal\u00adnie 14 zabi\u00adtych zwierz\u0105t.W po\u0142o\u00adwie lat 90. polo\u00adwa\u00adnia na jele\u00adnie zosta\u00ad\u0142y tym\u00adcza\u00adso\u00adwo wstrzy\u00adma\u00adne. Znisz\u00adcze\u00adnia lasu spo\u00adwo\u00addo\u00adwa\u00adne przez danie\u00adle lub jele\u00adnie odgry\u00adwa\u00adj\u0105 nie\u00adwiel\u00adk\u0105 rol\u0119. W zwi\u0105z\u00adku z nowy\u00admi prze\u00adpi\u00adsa\u00admi \u0142owiec\u00adki\u00admi w par\u00adku naro\u00addo\u00adwym jele\u0144 nie jest ju\u017c polo\u00adwa\u00adny na tere\u00adnach polde\u00adro\u00adwych, co ozna\u00adcza, \u017ce w zale\u017c\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci od warun\u00adk\u00f3w powo\u00addzio\u00adwych mniej lub bar\u00addziej sta\u00adle zasie\u00addla te tere\u00adny. Odwie\u00addza\u00adj\u0105\u00adcy Doli\u00adn\u0119 Odry mog\u0105 z bli\u00adska zoba\u00adczy\u0107 ryko\u00adwi\u00adsko jele\u00adni na Polde\u00adrze A ko\u0142o Criewen.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jele\u0144<\/strong> (<em>Capre\u00adolus capre\u00adolus<\/em>): W sezo\u00adnie \u0142owiec\u00adkim 1994\/95 odstrze\u00adlo\u00adno 288 jele\u00adni, znacz\u00adnie mniej ni\u017c w latach poprzed\u00adnich. W roku \u0142owiec\u00adkim 2005\/2006 odle\u00adg\u0142o\u015b\u0107 polo\u00adwa\u00adnia wynio\u00ads\u0142a \u0142\u0105cz\u00adnie 222 zwie\u00adrz\u0119\u00adta. Do dzi\u015b eks\u00adper\u00adci nie s\u0105 zgod\u00adni co do tego, czy obec\u00adne zag\u0119sz\u00adcze\u00adnie saren jest zbyt du\u017ce, a mo\u017ce nawet zbyt niskie. Jedy\u00adne, co jest pew\u00adne, to to, \u017ce g\u0119sto\u015b\u0107 gry w natu\u00adral\u00adny spo\u00ads\u00f3b pod\u00adle\u00adga sil\u00adnym fluk\u00adtu\u00adacjom. Zgod\u00adnie z nowy\u00admi teo\u00adria\u00admi tra\u00addy\u00adcyj\u00adn\u0105, natu\u00adral\u00adn\u0105 rol\u0105 zwie\u00adrzy\u00adny ro\u015bli\u00adno\u00ad\u017cer\u00adnej powin\u00adno by\u0107 utrzy\u00admy\u00adwa\u00adnie polan w natu\u00adral\u00adnym lesie dla tych gatun\u00adk\u00f3w, kt\u00f3\u00adre zna\u00admy dzi\u015b tyl\u00adko jako kul\u00adtu\u00adro\u00adwych wyznaw\u00adc\u00f3w. W ka\u017c\u00addym razie jele\u00adnie mo\u017c\u00adna dzi\u015b \u0142atwo zaob\u00adser\u00adwo\u00adwa\u0107 w Doli\u00adnie Dol\u00adnej Odry, zw\u0142asz\u00adcza na tere\u00adnach polde\u00adro\u00adwych widocz\u00adnych ze szczy\u00adt\u00f3w wa\u0142\u00f3w. Ze wzgl\u0119\u00addu na polo\u00adwa\u00adnie na jele\u00adnie, kt\u00f3\u00adre ist\u00adnie\u00adje od wie\u00adlu lat, zwie\u00adrz\u0119\u00adta s\u0105 cza\u00adsa\u00admi bar\u00addzo dobrze zna\u00adne odwie\u00addza\u00adj\u0105\u00adcym Park Narodowy.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6007\" style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6007\" class=\"lazyload size-medium wp-image-3191\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/rehkitz-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x332.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/rehkitz-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x332.jpg\" alt=\"p\u0142owy\" width=\"500\" height=\"332\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27332%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20500%20332%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27332%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/rehkitz-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/rehkitz-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-400x266.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/rehkitz-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x332.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/rehkitz-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-600x399.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/rehkitz-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 602w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6007\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">p\u0142o\u00adwy<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>\u0141o\u015b<\/strong> (<em>Alces alces<\/em>): Cho\u00adcia\u017c na \u0142osia nie polu\u00adje si\u0119, nale\u00ad\u017cy go kr\u00f3t\u00adko przed\u00adsta\u00adwi\u0107 w tym kon\u00adtek\u00ad\u015bcie jako zwie\u00adrzy\u00adn\u0119 du\u017c\u0105, na kt\u00f3\u00adr\u0105 mo\u017c\u00adna polo\u00adwa\u0107. Zli\u00adkwi\u00addo\u00adwa\u00adno go na tym tere\u00adnie w \u015bre\u00addnio\u00adwie\u00adczu. W prze\u00adsz\u0142o\u00ad\u015bci jed\u00adnak wie\u00adlo\u00adkrot\u00adnie obser\u00adwo\u00adwa\u00adno \u0142osie w\u0119dru\u00adj\u0105\u00adce po oko\u00adli\u00adcy. Nale\u00ad\u017cy si\u0119 spo\u00addzie\u00adwa\u0107, \u017ce \u0142o\u015b na sta\u00ad\u0142e zago\u00ad\u015bci w nowo powsta\u00ad\u0142ych pust\u00adko\u00adwiach w Doli\u00adnie Dol\u00adnej Odry. M\u00f3g\u0142 sta\u0107 si\u0119 zwie\u00adrz\u0119\u00adciem sym\u00adbo\u00adlicz\u00adnym. Osa\u00adda \u0142osi pod War\u00adsza\u00adw\u0105 zaowo\u00adco\u00adwa\u00ad\u0142a sta\u00adbil\u00adn\u0105 popu\u00adla\u00adcj\u0105 \u0142osi w cen\u00adtral\u00adnej Pol\u00adsce. Z tej popu\u00adla\u00adcji pocho\u00addz\u0105 praw\u00addo\u00adpo\u00addob\u00adnie \u0142osie migru\u00adj\u0105\u00adce na zach\u00f3d. Cz\u0119\u00adsty\u00admi obsza\u00adra\u00admi \u017cero\u00adwa\u00adnia dla imi\u00adgro\u00adwa\u00adnych zwie\u00adrz\u0105t s\u0105 tere\u00adny zale\u00adwo\u00adwe, obsza\u00adry le\u015bne i bagna boga\u00adte w sta\u00adwy i jezio\u00adra, a tak\u00ad\u017ce obsza\u00adry boga\u00adte w drew\u00adno igla\u00adste w innych loka\u00adli\u00adza\u00adcjach, kt\u00f3\u00adre maj\u0105 korzyst\u00adne zaopa\u00adtrze\u00adnie w \u017cyw\u00adno\u015b\u0107 (Hey\u00adne&nbsp;1996).<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6013\" style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6013\" class=\"lazyload size-medium wp-image-3194\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elch-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x336.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elch-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x336.jpg\" alt=\"\u0141o\u015b\" width=\"500\" height=\"336\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27336%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20500%20336%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27336%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elch-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x135.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elch-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-400x269.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elch-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x336.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elch-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-600x404.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/elch-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 639w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6013\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0141o\u015b<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Zaj\u0105c br\u0105\u00adzo\u00adwy<\/strong> (<em>Lepus euro\u00adpa\u00adeus<\/em>): Cho\u00adcia\u017c w Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii zaj\u0105c sza\u00adrak jest coraz rzad\u00adszy, nadal jest jed\u00adnym z naj\u00adpo\u00adspo\u00adlit\u00adszych ssa\u00adk\u00f3w w Doli\u00adnie Dol\u00adnej Odry. Zasie\u00addla zbo\u00adcza suchej tra\u00adwy, a tak\u00ad\u017ce teren polde\u00adro\u00adwy i ota\u00adcza\u00adj\u0105\u00adcy kra\u00adjo\u00adbraz rol\u00adny, w kra\u00adjo\u00adbra\u00adzie rol\u00adnym w pobli\u00ad\u017cu Gartz w zag\u0119sz\u00adcze\u00adniu oko\u00ad\u0142o dzie\u00adsi\u0119\u00adciu osob\u00adni\u00adk\u00f3w na 100 ha. Dzi\u00adki kr\u00f3\u00adlik (<em>Oryc\u00adto\u00adla\u00adgus cuni\u00adcu\u00adlus<\/em>), nato\u00admiast w Doli\u00adnie Dol\u00adnej Odry praw\u00addo\u00adpo\u00addob\u00adnie wymar\u0142y.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6021\" style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6021\" class=\"lazyload size-medium wp-image-3198\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/hase-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x335.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/hase-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x335.jpg\" alt=\"Zaj\u0105c\" width=\"500\" height=\"335\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27335%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20500%20335%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27335%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/hase-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x134.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/hase-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-400x268.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/hase-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x335.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/hase-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-600x403.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/hase-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 620w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6021\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Zaj\u0105c<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>czer\u00adwo\u00adny lis<\/strong> (<em>Vul\u00adpes vul\u00adpes<\/em>): Lis rudy jest r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c bar\u00addzo pospo\u00adli\u00adty w Doli\u00adnie Dol\u00adnej Odry. Szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adnie pod\u00adczas powo\u00addzi mo\u017c\u00adna go zoba\u00adczy\u0107 na gro\u00adblach, gdzie wyco\u00adfu\u00adje si\u0119 jak jego ofia\u00adra. Od cza\u00adsu szcze\u00adpie\u00adnia prze\u00adciw\u00adko w\u015bcie\u00adkli\u017a\u00adnie lisy maj\u0105 zdol\u00adno\u015b\u0107 do inten\u00adsyw\u00adne\u00adgo roz\u00admna\u00ad\u017ca\u00adnia w Doli\u00adnie Dol\u00adnej Odry oraz w ca\u0142ej Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii. 130 z nich odstrze\u00adlo\u00adno w sezo\u00adnie \u0142owiec\u00adkim 1994\/95. Ze wzgl\u0119\u00addu na prze\u00adpi\u00adsy \u0142owiec\u00adkie par\u00adku naro\u00addo\u00adwe\u00adgo nie ma ju\u017c regu\u00adla\u00adcji popu\u00adla\u00adcji. Zapa\u00adsy waha\u00adj\u0105 si\u0119, ponie\u00adwa\u017c w nie\u00adkt\u00f3\u00adrych latach cho\u00adro\u00adby takie jak z. Np. \u015bwierzb, kt\u00f3\u00adry wp\u0142y\u00adwa na g\u0119sto\u015b\u0107.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6005\" style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6005\" class=\"lazyload size-medium wp-image-3190\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/fuchs-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x332.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/fuchs-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x332.jpg\" alt=\"Lis\" width=\"500\" height=\"332\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27332%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20500%20332%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27332%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/fuchs-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/fuchs-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-400x265.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/fuchs-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x332.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/fuchs-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-600x398.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/fuchs-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-768x509.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/fuchs-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 772w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6005\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lis<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Szop<\/strong> (<em>Nyc\u00adte\u00adreu\u00adtes pro\u00adcy\u00adono\u00adides<\/em>): Jenot, pocho\u00addz\u0105\u00adcy z Azji Wschod\u00adniej, zosta\u0142 r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c natu\u00adra\u00adli\u00adzo\u00adwa\u00adny w Doli\u00adnie Dol\u00adnej Odry. W latach 1996\/97 jako ofia\u00adry ruchu dro\u00adgo\u00adwe\u00adgo zebra\u00adno 13 egzem\u00adpla\u00adrzy. Ponie\u00adwa\u017c \u017cywi si\u0119 m.in. pta\u00adka\u00admi i ich jaja\u00admi, mo\u017ce \u2013 podob\u00adnie jak lis \u2013 by\u0107 nie\u00adbez\u00adpiecz\u00adna dla popu\u00adla\u00adcji hodow\u00adc\u00f3w \u0142\u0105k, kt\u00f3\u00adre s\u0105 na wie\u00adle spo\u00adso\u00adb\u00f3w zanie\u00adczysz\u00adczo\u00adne. Te ssa\u00adki dra\u00adpie\u017c\u00adne nie sta\u00adno\u00adwi\u00ad\u0142y\u00adby zagro\u00ad\u017ce\u00adnia dla hodow\u00adc\u00f3w \u0142\u0105k w warun\u00adkach natu\u00adral\u00adnych; by\u0142y\u00adby przy\u00adzna\u00adwa\u00adne w szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adno\u00ad\u015bci, gdy\u00adby u\u017cyt\u00adki zie\u00adlo\u00adne by\u0142y upra\u00adwia\u00adne bar\u00addzo eks\u00adten\u00adsyw\u00adnie i zaprze\u00adsta\u00adno let\u00adnich pom\u00adpo\u00adwa\u0144 w celu sztucz\u00adne\u00adgo odwad\u00adnia\u00adnia polder\u00f3w.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Szop<\/strong> (<em>Pro\u00adcjon lotar<\/em>): Ma\u0142y nied\u017a\u00adwied\u017a, pocho\u00addz\u0105\u00adcy z Ame\u00adry\u00adki P\u00f3\u0142\u00adnoc\u00adnej, zosta\u0142 wypusz\u00adczo\u00adny na wol\u00adno\u015b\u0107 w Hesji przed ostat\u00adni\u0105 woj\u00adn\u0105 \u015bwia\u00adto\u00adw\u0105, aby \u201ewzbo\u00adga\u00adci\u0107\u201d fau\u00adn\u0119 i zwie\u00adrz\u0119\u00adta, kt\u00f3\u00adre ucie\u00adk\u0142y z fer\u00admy futer na obrze\u00ad\u017cach Ber\u00adli\u00adna w 1945 roku pod\u00adbi\u00ad\u0142y du\u017ce obsza\u00adry Nie\u00admiec w ci\u0105\u00adgu ostat\u00adnich kil\u00adku dekad. Park naro\u00addo\u00adwy jest r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c zamiesz\u00adka\u00adny od dw\u00f3ch dekad, pocz\u0105t\u00adko\u00adwo tyl\u00adko przez poje\u00addyn\u00adcze zwie\u00adrz\u0119\u00adta. Zw\u0142asz\u00adcza w po\u0142u\u00addnio\u00adwej cz\u0119\u00ad\u015bci obsza\u00adru chro\u00adnio\u00adne\u00adgo, na p\u00f3\u0142\u00adnoc do Schwedt\/Oder., jest dzi\u015b sze\u00adro\u00adko roz\u00adpo\u00adwszech\u00adnio\u00adny. Ze wzgl\u0119\u00addu na swo\u00adj\u0105 g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adnie aktyw\u00adno\u015b\u0107 noc\u00adn\u0105 jest rzad\u00adko obser\u00adwo\u00adwa\u00adny. Dzi\u0119\u00adki swo\u00adim umie\u00adj\u0119t\u00adno\u00ad\u015bciom jest dobrym wspi\u00adna\u00adczem i lubi p\u0142y\u00adwa\u0107, regu\u00adlar\u00adnie pl\u0105\u00addru\u00adje kolo\u00adnie cza\u00adpli i kor\u00admo\u00adra\u00adn\u00f3w oraz&nbsp;mew.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6125\" style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6125\" class=\"lazyload size-medium wp-image-3283\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ue-waschbaer-stuerzbecher-500x333.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ue-waschbaer-stuerzbecher-500x333.jpg\" alt=\"Szop\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27333%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20500%20333%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27333%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ue-waschbaer-stuerzbecher-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ue-waschbaer-stuerzbecher-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ue-waschbaer-stuerzbecher-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ue-waschbaer-stuerzbecher-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ue-waschbaer-stuerzbecher-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ue-waschbaer-stuerzbecher-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ue-waschbaer-stuerzbecher-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/ue-waschbaer-stuerzbecher.jpg 1200w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6125\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Szop<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Szcze\u00adg\u00f3l\u00adnie cha\u00adrak\u00adte\u00adry\u00adstycz\u00adne dla Doli\u00adny Dol\u00adnej Odry s\u0105 dwa gatun\u00adki ssak\u00f3w:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Wydra<\/strong> (<em>Lutra Lutra<\/em>): Dowo\u00addy i zma\u00adpo\u00adwa\u00adne \u015bla\u00addy wydry mo\u017c\u00adna zna\u00adle\u017a\u0107 na ca\u0142ym tere\u00adnie polde\u00adru. Wi\u0119k\u00adszo\u015b\u0107 pocho\u00addzi z wi\u0119k\u00adszych sta\u00adro\u00adrze\u00adczy na tere\u00adnie polde\u00adr\u00f3w, kt\u00f3\u00adre ze wzgl\u0119\u00addu na bogac\u00adtwo struk\u00adtu\u00adral\u00adne s\u0105 korzyst\u00adny\u00admi sie\u00addli\u00adska\u00admi wydr. Wi\u0119k\u00adszo\u015b\u0107 dowo\u00add\u00f3w, g\u0142\u00f3w\u00adnie poprzez roz\u00adwi\u0105\u00adza\u00adnie oraz ozna\u00adko\u00adwa\u00adnie i \u017cero\u00adwa\u00adnie, mo\u017c\u00adna zna\u00adle\u017a\u0107 na polde\u00adrze Crie\u00adwe\u00adner, Schwed\u00adter i Fid\u00addi\u00adcho\u00adwer oraz na polde\u00adrze Frie\u00addrich\u00adstha\u00adler. Ale \u015bla\u00addy zna\u00adle\u00adzio\u00adno r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c u pod\u00adn\u00f3\u00ad\u017ca Odry w Lunow i Stol\u00adpe. Doli\u00adna Dol\u00adnej Odry, z mno\u00adgo\u00ad\u015bci\u0105 zbior\u00adni\u00adk\u00f3w wod\u00adnych i roz\u00adle\u00adg\u0142\u0105, nie\u00adroz\u00adci\u0119\u00adt\u0105 powierzch\u00adni\u0105, mo\u017ce by\u0107 zna\u00adko\u00admi\u00adtym miej\u00adscem osad\u00adni\u00adczym dla wydr. Nale\u00ad\u017cy zak\u0142a\u00adda\u0107 powi\u0105\u00adza\u00adnia z wyda\u00adrze\u00adnia\u00admi w Salvey\u00adbach, Ran\u00addow-Welse-Bruch i Fel\u00adchow\u00adsee oraz po stro\u00adnie pol\u00adskiej. Dow\u00f3d repro\u00adduk\u00adcji jest dost\u0119p\u00adny nie\u00admal co roku poprzez obser\u00adwa\u00adcj\u0119 m\u0142o\u00addych wio\u00add\u0105\u00adcych samic. Ruch dro\u00adgo\u00adwy r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c wie\u00adlo\u00adkrot\u00adnie poch\u0142o\u00adn\u0105\u0142 ofia\u00adry, zw\u0142asz\u00adcza na B 2 mi\u0119\u00addzy M\u00fch\u00adlen\u00adte\u00adich w Gartz a Westo\u00adder, a tak\u00ad\u017ce na daw\u00adnej B 2 w Z\u00fct\u00adzen \u2013 Meyenburg.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6015\" style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6015\" class=\"lazyload size-medium wp-image-3195\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/fischotter-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x333.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/fischotter-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x333.jpg\" alt=\"Wydra\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27333%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20500%20333%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27333%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/fischotter-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/fischotter-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-400x266.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/fischotter-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/fischotter-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-600x399.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/fischotter-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 640w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6015\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wydra<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>B\u00f3br<\/strong> (<em>w\u0142\u00f3k\u00adno rycy\u00adno\u00adwe<\/em>): W Doli\u00adnie Dol\u00adnej Odry b\u00f3br zosta\u0142 wyt\u0119\u00adpio\u00adny w XVIII wie\u00adku. W celu przy\u00adwr\u00f3\u00adce\u00adnia oby\u00adwa\u00adtel\u00adstwa bobry nad\u00ad\u0142ab\u00adskie zosta\u00ad\u0142y wypusz\u00adczo\u00adne w p\u00f3\u0142\u00adnoc\u00adno-wschod\u00adniej Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii w latach 30. i 70. XX wie\u00adku, do kt\u00f3\u00adrych mo\u017c\u00adna prze\u00ad\u015ble\u00addzi\u0107 wszyst\u00adkie dzi\u00adsiej\u00adsze wyda\u00adrze\u00adnia. Pierw\u00adsze now\u00adsze wzmian\u00adki pocho\u00addz\u0105 z Mesche\u00adrin w 1967 r., z oko\u00adlic Szcze\u00adci\u00adna w 1971 r., z Frie\u00addrich\u00adsthal w 1982 r. i z doli\u00adny Salvey w 1984 r. Jed\u00adnak te obser\u00adwa\u00adcje i odkry\u00adcia inter\u00adfej\u00ads\u00f3w by\u0142y bar\u00addziej praw\u00addo\u00adpo\u00addob\u00adne, \u017ce zosta\u00ad\u0142y przy\u00adpi\u00adsa\u00adne do poje\u00addyn\u00adczych migru\u00adj\u0105\u00adcych zwie\u00adrz\u0105t ni\u017c do sta\u00ad\u0142ych osie\u00addli. B\u00f3br st\u0105\u00adpa po zie\u00admi w Zwi\u00adsche\u00adno\u00adder\u00adland w pobli\u00ad\u017cu Gartz i Mesche\u00adrin od pocz\u0105t\u00adku lat 90., a na Polde\u00adrze Fid\u00addi\u00adcho\u00adwer od po\u0142o\u00adwy lat 90. XX wie\u00adku. Gatu\u00adnek zamiesz\u00adku\u00adje obec\u00adnie prak\u00adtycz\u00adnie wszyst\u00adkie zbior\u00adni\u00adki wod\u00adne w par\u00adku naro\u00addo\u00adwym, w tym nie\u00adwiel\u00adkie, tyl\u00adko okre\u00adso\u00adwo wodo\u00adno\u00ad\u015bne rowy w lasach na zbo\u00adczach, gdzie spi\u0119\u00adtrza wod\u0119 zapo\u00adra\u00admi. Na tym obsza\u00adrze ocze\u00adku\u00adje si\u0119 obec\u00adnie oko\u00ad\u0142o 80 osie\u00addli. Pod\u00adga\u00adtun\u00adki takie jak b\u00f3br \u0141aby (<em>C. f. Albi\u00adcus<\/em>) oraz b\u00f3br wschod\u00adnio\u00adeu\u00adro\u00adpej\u00adski, kt\u00f3\u00adry wyemi\u00adgro\u00adwa\u0142 z Pol\u00adski (<em>C. f. Wi\u015bla\u00adnus<\/em>) na. Oba pod\u00adga\u00adtun\u00adki \u0142\u0105cz\u0105 si\u0119 w pary, a nast\u0119p\u00adnie two\u00adrz\u0105 hybrydy.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6009\" style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6009\" class=\"lazyload wp-image-3192 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/sumpfbiber-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x333.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/sumpfbiber-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x333.jpg\" alt=\"B\u00f3br bagienny\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27333%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20500%20333%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27500%27%20height%3D%27333%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/sumpfbiber-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/sumpfbiber-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-400x266.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/sumpfbiber-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/sumpfbiber-nationalpark-unteres-odertal-600x399.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/sumpfbiber-nationalpark-unteres-odertal.jpg 640w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-6009\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">B\u00f3br bagien\u00adny<\/p><\/div>\n<p>W Doli\u00adnie Dol\u00adnej Odry zare\u00adje\u00adstro\u00adwa\u00adno dotych\u00adczas \u0142\u0105cz\u00adnie 58 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w ssa\u00adk\u00f3w, z kt\u00f3\u00adrych cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 to \u0142o\u015b i wilk (<em>Canius lupus<\/em>) nie s\u0105 jesz\u00adcze na zie\u00admi\u0119 i foka sza\u00adra (<em>Hali\u00adcho\u00ader gry\u00adpus<\/em>) po raz pierw\u00adszy zosta\u00ad\u0142o udo\u00adwod\u00adnio\u00adne dla Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii. W\u0105t\u00adpli\u00adwa jest r\u00f3w\u00adnie\u017c przy\u00adziem\u00adno\u015b\u0107 nie\u00adkt\u00f3\u00adrych gatun\u00adk\u00f3w nie\u00adto\u00adpe\u00adrzy \u2013 dowo\u00addy doty\u00adcz\u0105 noc\u00adnych polo\u00adwa\u0144 w par\u00adku naro\u00addo\u00adwym. Ozna\u00adcza to, \u017ce ponad po\u0142o\u00adwa ze 101 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w ssa\u00adk\u00f3w w Niem\u00adczech i ponad dwie trze\u00adcie gatun\u00adk\u00f3w ssa\u00adk\u00f3w odno\u00adto\u00adwa\u00adnych w Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii wyst\u0119\u00adpu\u00adje w Doli\u00adnie Dol\u00adnej Odry. 23 z nich znaj\u00addu\u00adje si\u0119 na Czer\u00adwo\u00adnej Li\u015bcie Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii jako zagro\u00ad\u017co\u00adne lub nawet wymar\u00ad\u0142e, 10 na li\u015bcie Repu\u00adbli\u00adki Fede\u00adral\u00adnej Nie\u00admiec. Jak na tak ma\u0142y obszar (0,3% powierzch\u00adni Bran\u00adden\u00adbur\u00adgii) jest to ilo\u00adraz niezwyk\u0142y.<\/p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\">.reading-box-container-6 .element-bottomshadow:before,.reading-box-container-6 .element-bottomshadow:after{opacity:0.7;}<\/style><div class=\"fusion-reading-box-container reading-box-container-6\" style=\"--awb-title-color:#212934;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:20px;\"><div class=\"reading-box\" style=\"background-color:#f9f9fb;border-width:1px;border-color:rgba(226,226,226,0);border-left-width:3px;border-left-color:var(--primary_color);border-style:solid;\"><h2>Dalsza lektura<\/h2><div class=\"reading-box-additional fusion-reading-box-additional\">\nAktu\u00adal\u00adn\u0105 list\u0119 gatun\u00adk\u00f3w z adno\u00adta\u00adcja\u00admi mo\u017c\u00adna zna\u00adle\u017a\u0107 w HAFERLAND, H.-J. (2011): Lista gatun\u00adk\u00f3w ssa\u00adk\u00f3w w Par\u00adku Naro\u00addo\u00adwym Dol\u00adnej Ode\u00adrty, W: V\u00f6s\u00adsing, A. (red.) Rocz\u00adnik Par\u00adku Naro\u00addo\u00adwe\u00adgo Dol\u00adna Ode\u00adrtal (8), 120\u2013126, Fun\u00adda\u00adcja Park Naro\u00addo\u00adwy Dol\u00adnej Ode\u00adrty, Zamek Crie\u00adwen, Schwedt \/ O. i jest pierw\u00adszy doda\u00adtek z 2016 r. (HAFERLAND 2016).\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><a class=\"fb-icon-element-7 fb-icon-element fontawesome-icon fa-arrow-up fas circle-no fusion-text-flow fusion-link\" style=\"--awb-iconcolor:#37731E;--awb-iconcolor-hover:#c00100;--awb-font-size:16px;--awb-margin-right:10px;\" href=\"#tab-3d88b2e1968565fde7f\" aria-label=\"Link to #tab-3d88b2e1968565fde7f\" target=\"_self\"><\/a><a href=\"#tab-3d88b2e1968565fde7f\">powr\u00f3t do&nbsp;g\u00f3ry<\/a>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":9164,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"wp_typography_post_enhancements_disabled":false,"_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"0","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9225","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<title>Dzikiej przyrody - Nationalpark Unteres Odertal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/dzikiej-przyrody\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dzikiej przyrody - Nationalpark Unteres Odertal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/dzikiej-przyrody\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Nationalpark Unteres Odertal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-11-08T14:54:11+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-bug.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/dzikiej-przyrody\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/dzikiej-przyrody\/\",\"name\":\"Dzikiej przyrody - Nationalpark Unteres Odertal\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/dzikiej-przyrody\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/dzikiej-przyrody\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-bug.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2009-02-04T12:34:59+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-11-08T14:54:11+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/dzikiej-przyrody\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/dzikiej-przyrody\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/dzikiej-przyrody\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-bug.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-bug.png\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/dzikiej-przyrody\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Strona g\u0142\u00f3wna\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Park Narodowy Doliny Dolnej Odry\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Dzikiej przyrody\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/\",\"name\":\"Nationalpark Unteres Odertal\",\"description\":\"Verein der Freunde des Deutsch-Polnischen Europa-Nationalparks Unteres Odertal e.V. &amp; Nationalparkstiftung Unteres Odertal\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Verein der Freunde des Deutsch-Polnischen Europa-Nationalparks Unteres Odertal e.V. & Nationalparkstiftung Unteres Odertal\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/logos-google.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/logos-google.png\",\"width\":800,\"height\":344,\"caption\":\"Verein der Freunde des Deutsch-Polnischen Europa-Nationalparks Unteres Odertal e.V. & Nationalparkstiftung Unteres Odertal\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}}]}<\/script>","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Dzikiej przyrody - Nationalpark Unteres Odertal","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/dzikiej-przyrody\/","og_locale":"pl_PL","og_type":"article","og_title":"Dzikiej przyrody - Nationalpark Unteres Odertal","og_url":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/dzikiej-przyrody\/","og_site_name":"Nationalpark Unteres Odertal","article_modified_time":"2021-11-08T14:54:11+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-bug.png","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/dzikiej-przyrody\/","url":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/dzikiej-przyrody\/","name":"Dzikiej przyrody - Nationalpark Unteres Odertal","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/dzikiej-przyrody\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/dzikiej-przyrody\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-bug.png","datePublished":"2009-02-04T12:34:59+00:00","dateModified":"2021-11-08T14:54:11+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/dzikiej-przyrody\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"pl-PL","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/dzikiej-przyrody\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pl-PL","@id":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/dzikiej-przyrody\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-bug.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/icon-bug.png"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/dzikiej-przyrody\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Strona g\u0142\u00f3wna","item":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Park Narodowy Doliny Dolnej Odry","item":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/park-narodowy-doliny-dolnej-odry\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Dzikiej przyrody"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/","name":"Nationalpark Unteres Odertal","description":"Verein der Freunde des Deutsch-Polnischen Europa-Nationalparks Unteres Odertal e.V. &amp; Nationalparkstiftung Unteres Odertal","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"pl-PL"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/#organization","name":"Verein der Freunde des Deutsch-Polnischen Europa-Nationalparks Unteres Odertal e.V. & Nationalparkstiftung Unteres Odertal","url":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pl-PL","@id":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/logos-google.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/logos-google.png","width":800,"height":344,"caption":"Verein der Freunde des Deutsch-Polnischen Europa-Nationalparks Unteres Odertal e.V. & Nationalparkstiftung Unteres Odertal"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9225","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9225"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9225\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9856,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9225\/revisions\/9856"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9164"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nationalpark-unteres-odertal.de\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9225"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}